Area and Perimeter Formula are the two major formulas for any given two-

dimensional shape in Mathematics. In geometry, you will come across many shapes
such as circle, triangle, square, pentagon, octagon, etc. In real life as well, you will
come across different types of objects having different shapes and sizes, which occupy
some space in a place and their outline distance specifies the total length of the object.

All the shapes have their own properties, based on their structure, sides and angles.
The two main features are the area and perimeter. For example, the amount of paint
required to paint a wall of rectangular shape is calculated by its area and to put the
boundaries of the square field we have to calculate its perimeter to know the total length
of the field.

Every geometrical shape has its area and perimeter. There are different formulas for
area and perimeter of every shape as it has a different measurement. So, let us learn
the area and perimeter formulas for all shapes, here.

Area Formula
The area is the measurement of space enclosed by a closed geometric figure. Like the
perimeter formula, there is also a set of area formula for polygons that can be
represented using algebraic expressions.

For example, if you want to know the area of a square box with side 40 cm, you will use
the formula:

Area of Square = a2, where a is the side of the square.

Similarly, the area of a triangle can also be found using its Area formula (1/2 × b ×h).

Perimeter Formula
A Perimeter is the length of the boundary of a closed geometric figure. Algebraic
expressions can be used to represent the perimeter formula for the regular polygons.
Say that the length of each side of a regular polygon is l. The perimeter of
shapes formula for each of the polygons can be given using the same variable l.

Example: To find the perimeter of a rectangular box, with length as 6 cm and Breadth as
4 cm, we need to use the formula,
Perimeter of a Rectangle = 2 (L+B) = 2 (6 cm + 4 cm) = 2 × 10 cm = 20 cm.

Area Formulas for different geometrical figures:

Figures Area Formula Variables

Area of Rectangle Area = l × w l = length

w = width

Area of Square Area = a2 a = sides of the square

Area of a Triangle Area = 1/2 b×h b = base

h = height

Area of a Circle Area = πr2 r = radius of the circle

Area of a Trapezoid Area = 1/2 (a + b)h a =base 1

b = base 2

h = vertical height

Area of Ellipse Area = πab a = radius of the major axis

b = radius of the minor axis