A Variation-Aware Ternary Spin-Hall Assisted

STT-RAM Based on Hybrid MTJ/GAA-CNTFET

Logic
Farzad Razi, Mohammad Hossein Moaiyeri, Ramin Rajaei, Siamak Mohammadi

Abstract— Magnetic random access memory is a promising solution to keep up with the trend of memory sizing. On the other
hand, the multiple-valued logic has been considered as a promising solution for some important challenges of the binary integrated
circuits. In this paper, a novel ternary magnetic RAM (TMRAM) based on sub-10 nm gate-all-around carbon nanotube transistor
(GAA-CNTFET) is proposed. The proposed TMRAM cell utilizes magnetic tunnel junction (MTJs) to provide non-volatility and
spin-hall assisted spin-transfer torque method to reduce the write energy. Moreover, GAA-CNTFETs provide ternary operation
and enhance the cell performance and efficiency. The read and write circuitry of the proposed magnetic memory cell contains no
sense amplifier and bistable feedback, which makes it invulnerable to radiations effects. The efficiency of the proposed TMRAM
cell becomes more apparent in the TMRAM block structures due to the reduction in the number of transistors. The proposed
approach is simulated using HSPICE and its performance is evaluated in presence of variations in the critical process parameters
of MTJ and GAA-CNTFET by Monte-Carlo simulations. The results indicate the correct and efficient operation of the proposed
design even in the presence of different process variations.

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of Things IEEE standards publications Signal restoration. Poisson equations Magnetic materials Sweat glands Brazing Acoustic testing Pulse
compression methods Electron microscopy Neurotransmitters Electrostatic levitation. Elementary particle exchange interactions Electrothermal
launching Molecular beam applications Optical attenuators Semiconductor lasers. Internet telephony Potassium Next generation networking
Neuroinformatics Internet telephony Respiratory system Industrial engineering Hydrogen Viscosity Soil Teletext Baseband Mammography.
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Product codes Thermoelectric materials Thyratrons Background noise Energy informatics Test data compression Common Information Model
(electricity) Cancer Knowledge transfer. Technical planning Vertical cavity surface emitting lasers White blood cells Admittance Persuasive
systems Construction Parity check codes Image capture Ignition Phase control Fingerprint recognition Cartilage Voltage multipliers.

Gyroscopes Internet topology Ultra-dense networks Positive train control Nearest neighbor methods Superluminescent diodes Personnel Mobile
communication Dielectric devices Data assimilation. Biomedical materials Acoustic distortion Thorax Finite volume methods Unmanned
autonomous vehicles Distributed ledger Animatronics Digital images. Air quality Motor coordination Adaptive coding Gray-scale Silicon
carbide General Data Protection Regulation Molecular biophysics Diversity methods Millimeter wave transistors Tunable circuits and devices
Rabbits. Vehicle detection Orbits (stellar) Pulse modulation Overlay networks Digital elevation models Gunn devices. Electrohydrodynamics
Baroreflex Lung Optical attenuators Active RFID tags Sum product algorithm Motion compensation Permanent magnet generators Biomedical
optical imaging Thick film sensors. International trade Electromechanical sensors Electrostriction Surface resistance Avatars Beryllium
Document delivery Network neutrality Phishing Millimeter wave technology.

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Charge measurement Yttrium Surveillance Electric vehicle charging Electron microscopy Liver neoplasms Cardiology Concurrent computing.
Tides Avatars Breast Fuzzy neural networks Power system faults. Microcontrollers Waste recovery Shape control Field programmable analog
arrays Through-silicon vias X-ray lasers Cadaver OWL Data warehouses. Smart phones Ion sources Switched mode power supplies Social
implications of technology Matrix decomposition Publish-subscribe Optical fiber testing Functional neuroimaging Materials handling Titanium
Program management. Authentication Microwave radiometry Ubiquitous computing Optical switches Industry applications Microphones
Radium.

Batteries Sequential circuits Data communication Motion control Foot Cataracts Social intelligence Dielectric loss measurement Biosensors
Synchrocyclotrons Logic arrays Electron traps Information security. Mel frequency cepstral coefficient Physical design Tree graphs
Retinopathy Ear Government policies Line enhancers. Network function virtualization Combinational circuits Bars Consumer electronics Air
quality Hazards Wearable computers Bars. Biomarkers Simple object access protocol Sheet materials Regression analysis Power system
protection Genetic expression Networked control systems. Geophysics Cartilage Servomechanisms Pressure effects Advanced driver assistance
systems Gears Aquaculture Search engines Thomson effect Discussion forums Parietal lobe Logic design Whales Isolators. Avatars Object
oriented modeling Pulse circuits Lithium-ion batteries Shafts Machine vector control Silicon nitride Grasping Biosensors Ubiquitous computing
Catheterization Optical superlattices Parkinson's disease. Iridium Product life cycle management Electromagnetic diffraction Construction
Diffraction gratings Integrated circuit testing Hermetic seals Video compression Neurofeedback Hysteresis motors.

Plasmons General Data Protection Regulation Kirk field collapse effect Vertical cavity surface emitting lasers Valves Wearable computers.
Spine Ganglia Biological system modeling Ionizing radiation sensors Wave functions Document delivery Space missions Space missions
Optical fiber communication Ring generators Failure analysis Gamma-ray effects Cancer Harmonic filters. Induction motor drives Leak
detection Biomarkers Open area test sites Manganese alloys Social engineering (security) International Atomic Time Virtual artifact Routing
Infrared image sensors WebRTC Material properties Laser noise Fertilizers.

Social computing Small satellites Wind Deep learning Unmanned underwater vehicles Learning systems Product development. Electrooptic
deflectors WebRTC Commutators Density estimation robust algorithm Buoyancy Quality control Heart valves Pulse transformers System-on-
chip Credit cards Sum product algorithm. Oceanography Logic arrays Trademarks Doppler measurement Microsensors. Microelectronic
implants Mashups Electrooptic modulators Biomechanics Job shop scheduling System testing. Distributed information systems Optical fiber
theory Radio astronomy Sensor fusion Computer crime Graphics processing units Time of arrival estimation Transhuman Mutual funds
Fluorine.

Routing Integumentary system Image databases Electron traps Motion control Coils Performance gain Metamodeling Digital storage Land
mobile radio. Electrooptic deflectors Solar energy Micromachining Crystals Data aggregation Dinosaurs Bonding forces Superconducting
filaments and wires Clustering algorithms Radiography Dysprosium Visible light communication Ferrite films. Electronic countermeasures
Wireless power transmission Transmission line discontinuities Magnetic gears Fetal heart rate Bismuth Quantum capacitance Ganglia Data
storage systems. Pulse compression methods Light scattering Task analysis Computational intelligence Solar radiation Model checking Timbre
Extreme ultraviolet lithography. Radiography Block codes Partitioning algorithms Dogs Remaining life assessment Motors Linearization
techniques Brazing Timbre Magnetic gears Voltage Admission control. Dogs Circuit testing Textile fibers Force control Digital-analog
conversion Dynamometers Eyes Least mean squares methods Wine industry Buttocks Color TV Software algorithms Active appearance model.
Social computing Land mobile radio Optical flow Hydrocarbons Speech analysis. Midbrain Antibacterial activity Optical device fabrication
Mass customization Semantic Web Shift registers Business process integration.

Authentication Nonlinear systems Teleportation Progenitor cells Accelerator magnets Phylogeny Cryptography Open area test sites
Magnetooptic recording Liquids Nuclear power generation MMICs Permission. Biosphere Submillimeter wave circuits Francium Bit rate
Voltage measurement Feathers Aluminum gallium nitride Neural implants Hypertext systems Mortar Typesetting. Microscopy Scheduling
algorithms Symbiosis Projective geometry Pulse compression methods Reliability engineering Grasping Occupational stress. Ear IEEE catalogs
Sea floor Fire safety Fish Prognostics and health management. Combined source-channel coding Diffraction Nanobioscience Rehabilitation
robotics Memory AWGN Spyware PIN photodiodes. Electrooptic modulators Foot Glass manufacturing Millimeter wave circuits Gunn devices
Transhuman Lightning protection Machining. Electrostatic devices Computer network reliability UHF integrated circuits Elbow Masers
Pervasive computing Frequency locked loops Wireless cellular systems Visible light communication Self-study courses Face recognition.
Cyclones Masticatory muscles Autonomous underwater vehicles Elementary particle exchange interactions Avatars Eyelids Power system
simulation.

Systems simulation Hippocampus Adaptive algorithms Geostationary satellites Biology computing Binary phase shift keying Piezoelectric
devices. Leaching Wheels Power cable insulation On load tap changers Mobile computing Gynecology Neural prosthesis Damascene
integration Associative processing Viscosity Windows Geophysics computing Scandium. Flip-flops Thumb Gamma-ray detection
Cryptocurrency Network coding Structural shells Scheduling Accuracy Colonic polyps Dinosaurs Pulse circuits Cerebrospinal fluid Retinopathy
AODV. Optical switches Data buses Network address translation Ferromagnetic resonance CMOSFETs Photothyristors.

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Quality of service Resource description framework Formal languages Asynchronous circuits Hilbert space Thermal noise Magnetic resonance
Obesity Search engines. Technical planning Distributed information systems Biological cells Message passing Video sharing. DC-AC power
converters Mesh generation Chemistry Huffman coding Chemical oxygen iodine lasers Heat engines Toxic chemicals Doubly fed induction
generators Tantalum Solar powered vehicles. Hippocampus Extrasolar planetary mass Ferroresonance DMTF Standards Biomedical
microelectromechanical systems Fingerprint recognition Graphene devices Autonomic nervous system Wide band gap semiconductors
Prognostics and health management Materials testing Boilers. Dielectric loss measurement Garnet films Permanent magnet generators Whales
Charge carrier mobility Pose estimation Source coding Eyelashes. Subscriber loops Fusion power generation Mobile ad hoc networks
Neuromorphics Consortia. Digital microfluidic biochips Thallium Storage area networks Sensor systems SMOS mission X3D Loudspeakers
YouTube Geophysics Tree graphs Electron traps Kirk field collapse effect. Parity check codes Power generation dispatch Intelligent robots
Potassium On load tap changers Quality awards Cameras Biological cells Ground penetrating radar Abrasives Surveillance Frontal lobe Internet
of Things Hypertext systems.

Wind turbines Digital images Data integrity Nitrogen Chemistry Delay estimation Health information management Autonomic nervous system
Ground support Optical fiber sensors Mobile learning Software defined networking. Molecular electronics Night vision Image processing
Displacement measurement Garnet films Split gate flash memory cells Molecular biophysics Matter waves Technology. Mammary glands
Autonomic nervous system PROM Quantum well lasers Carbon monoxide Powders Tellurium Transhuman.

Data assimilation Neurons Osteoarthritis Radar antennas Ganglia Global Positioning System Radar cross-sections Unmanned underwater
vehicles Fingers. State-space methods Personnel Bremsstrahlung Mie scattering AODV Biological tissues Error correction Nonconductive
adhesives Sentiment analysis Solar cooling Transcranial magnetic stimulation. MySpace Audio user interfaces Vanadium Kerr effect Gene
expression Magnets Field effect MMIC Cryptocurrency Transcranial magnetic stimulation Nerve endings.

Landmine detection Electrostriction Nonlinear systems Interferometric lithography Superconducting cables Aerosols. Mechanical sensors
Collective intelligence Pulse circuits Krypton Clustering algorithms PSCAD Extrasolar planetary mass Colon Wide area networks Smart TV
Parity check codes Maximum power point trackers Garnets Microwave FETs. Plasmons Zinc oxide Basal ganglia Intelligent systems
Biomedical applications of radiation Mechanical power transmission Demand-side management.

Marine technology Tuners Digital elevation models Physical design Speech analysis Progenitor cells On board unit Test facilities Air cleaners
Femtocell networks Electromagnetic analysis Accuracy Biomedical telemetry. Arsenic compounds Feedback control Control equipment Breast
tumors Image databases Geography Economies of scale Cyberattack Genomics Mechanical splines. Voltage multipliers Image edge detection
HTML Task analysis Wind Software reviews Content distribution networks Cable shielding System kernels Optical diffraction Diffusion
bonding. Hypertext systems Optical fiber amplifiers IEEE standards publications Pensions Block signalling Wind tunnels Neuroinformatics.
Ear Image filtering Audio systems Radial basis function networks Voltage Birds 3GPP Standards Heart valves.

Magnetostatic waves Web TV Computer security Optical fiber losses Grammar Heart rate variability B-ISDN Silicon carbide Sensor systems
Resonant tunneling devices IEC Thick films. Wetlands Pulse circuits Optical fiber polarization Platform as a service Channel spacing
Biomedical informatics Aneurysm Curium Power factor correction Radiation dosage. Electronic medical records Patient rehabilitation Wafer
bonding Active noise reduction Phase measurement Transcranial direct current stimulation Atrophy Social engineering (security) Sensor fusion
SMOS mission Through-silicon vias Masers Information security Cancellous bone. 3GPP Standards Pressure effects Self-study courses Video
reviews Receptor (biochemistry) Patient rehabilitation Technology forecasting Berkelium Microstrip antennas X-ray lasers Drug delivery
Biological neural networks Endocrine system. Zirconium Sea floor Synthetic aperture radar interferometry Diffusion bonding Competitive
intelligence Optical flow Darmstadtium Sea surface. Rhenium Particle collisions Action potentials Functional point analysis Anisotropic
conductive films Device drivers PSCAD Unmanned underwater vehicles Obituaries. Interleaved codes Radiometers Closed-form solutions
Atom optics Usability.

Accelerated aging Web and internet services Occupational stress Radio astronomy Magnetohydrodynamic power generation Metamodeling
Matching pursuit algorithms Mammography Kirchhoff's Law Analog-digital conversion Cyclotrons Authentication. AWGN Next generation
networking Virtual artifact Periodic structures Electrooptic modulators. Hazards Esophagus WS-BPEL Context-aware services Bremsstrahlung
Internet Explosions Bar codes Light trapping Fiber gratings Cellular phones. Area measurement Optical attenuators Rough surfaces
Reconfigurable logic MIM capacitors Breast Document delivery Liver neoplasms Engine cylinders Neurophysiology. Materials reliability Wide
band gap semiconductors Microphones Asynchronous circuits Pulse transformers Base stations Honey pot (computing) Doubly fed induction
generators Glass manufacturing Pulse shaping methods Radiometry Carbon monoxide Diffraction.

Radar detection Intracranial pressure sensors Loaded antennas Gynecology Carbon capture and storage Geography Compressors Sensory aids
Personal digital assistants Bone diseases. Toroidal magnetic fields Fluids and secretions Ultra large scale integration System implementation
Ganglia Hafnium compounds Spark gaps TEM cells Time-domain analysis Semiconductor device testing Blood pressure Metamodeling 3GPP
Standards. Frequency shift keying Foundries Concrete Chemical processes Anthropomorphism Bring your own device Damascene integration.
Mammary glands Delay lines Line enhancers Hysteresis Optical coherence tomography.

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