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Similarities and Differences (Odd One Out)
Similarities and Differences (Odd One Out)
Classification : Classification is the process of classifying an object, word, letter or number into a group on the basis of their common properties, shape-type,
appearance, color, character and other properties.
In questions based on classification, some words or letters or numbers are given, except one of them, other words or letters or numbers are similar to each other
in a particular way, and they form a group of their own. One of them differs from this group. You have to find that different word or letter or number.
For Example : If we compare the elements like, lion, cow, tiger, panther, bear and wolf then we find that this is a group of animals. How do we classify them ?
Here, if we want to separate out one animal then definitely that animal will be the cow because cow is the only animal in the group which is a domestic animal.
The rest of the animals are form a group of wild animals.
Types of classification : there are 5 types
Type Name Description Example 1 Example 2
Type 1 Word In this type of classification, Four of the following five are alike in a certain Four of the following five are alike in a
Classification different objects are classified way and so form a group. Which is the one that certain way and so form a group. Which is
on the basis of common does not belong to that group ? the one that does not belong to that group ?
features/properties – names, 1. Work : Leisure 2. Day : Night 1. March 2. January
places, uses, situations, origin, 3. Expedite : Procrastinate 3. July 4. June 5. May
etc.
4. Frequently : Always 5. Happy : Unhappy Solution (4) : All other months have 31 days
Solution (4):All others are the antonym of each while June has 30 days.
other.
Type 2 Alphabet In this type, the alphabet is Example 3 : Four of the following five are
Classification classified in a group using alike in a certain way and so form a group.
particular methods or rules. Which is the one that does not belong to that
These rules or methods are group ?
often simple and hence can 1. BY 2. LO 3. EW 4. GT 5. SH
easily be understood.
Solution (3) : All others letter pairs are the
combination of opposite places in the alphabet.
Type 3 Number In this type, Numbers are Four of the following five are alike in a certain Four of the following five are alike in a
Classification classification in a group using a way and so form a group. Which is the one that certain way and so form a group. Which is
particular method or rule. Rules does not belong to that group ? the one that does not belong to that group ?
or methods used for such 1. 25 – 5 2. 16 – 4 3. 144 – 12 1. 63 2. 42 3. 35 4. 21 5. 65
classification may be based on
mathematical operations. 4. 64 – 7 5. 36 – 6 Solution (5) : All other numbers are
Solution (4) : In all other number pairs, the first divisible by 7 while 65 is not divisible by 7.
number is the square of the second number.
25 = 52, 16 = 42, 144 = 122, 64=72, 36 = 62
Type 4 Number and In this type of classification, the Four of the following five are alike in a
Letter combination of alphabet and certain way and so form a group. Which is
Classification number is classified in a group the one that does not belong to that group ?
using particular methods or 1. 25 – E 2. 16 – D 3. 144 – L
rules.
4. 64 – G 5. 36 – F
Solution (4) : In all other number – letter
pairs, the number on the left side is the
square of the position of the letter on the
right side.
1. 25 = 52, (The position number of the letter
E is 5)
2. 16 = 42, (The position number of the letter
D is 4)
3. 144 = 122, (The position number of the
letter L is 12)
4. 64 = 72, (The position number of the letter
G is 7)
5. 36 = 62, (The position number of the letter
F is 6)
Type 5 Miscellaneous In this type of classification, Four of the following five are alike in a certain
Classification any rule other than described way and so form a group. Which is the one that
above can be used for does not belong to that group ?
classification or grouping. 1. – 2. + 3. % 4. = 5. ÷
Questions on such patterns do
not necessarily use alphabets Solution (3) : All others represent mathematical
and words. Here the numeric operations.
and other mathematical
symbols can also be used.