106 PRACTICE EXERCISES FOR STRUCTURE

EXERCISE 52: Sentences—Parallel Structure

In some sentences in the Structure Section of the Paper-Based TOEFL, you will be asked to identify
errors in parallel structure. Parallel structure is the use of the same grammatical structures for related
ideas of equal importance. Related ideas of equal importance often occur in the form of a list.
Sometimes related ideas of equal importance are connected by conjunctions, such as and, but, and or.
Choose the correct answer in the incomplete sentences. Choose the incorrect word or phrase in the
underlined
choices. reasons for studying a foreign language.
7. Ice skating and to go skiing yg popular winter
1. Rock music not only popular in the United
sports in the northern United States.
States but also abroad.

2. To control quality and making decisions about 8. To treat minor diarrhea, drink plenty of

production are among the many liquids, especially tea, water, and carbonated

responsibilities of an industrial engineer. beverages, eat soup, yogurt, salty crackers, and

3. Most of the Cajun French who live in Louisiana bananas, and avoiding milk, butter,
can neither read the
French variety that they speak fluently. eggs, and meat for twenty-four hours.
@ nor they write
CD nor write
9. A vacuum will neither conduct heat nor
O or writing
O neither write @ transmit sound waves
4. The six main parts of a business letter are @ transmitting sound waves

the address, the inside address, the salutation, O sound waves are transmitted
O the transmission of sound waves
the body, the closing, and 10. The Smithsonian Institute is famous because

signing your name. it contains such interesting exhibits as the flag

that was raised over Fort McHenry

5. Microwaves are used for cooking,
telecommunications, and @ to in 1812, the airplane that the Wright brothers
diagnose medically

O medical diagnosing built for their first flight at Kitty

O diagnosed medically
Hawk, and there are the gowns worn by every
O medical diagnosis
6. To read literature and being introduced a first lady since Martha Washington.
different culture are two excellent
ll. In order to become a law, a bill
must be passed not only by the Senate but also the House of Representatives.

STRUCTURE SECTION: EXERCISE 52 107

12. The color of a star depends on the heat and around, and retract them quickly odor

@ how much energy produced molecules that aid in

O the energy it produces
O production of the energy
O producing energy
13. The cloverleaf is a common engineering design
detecting direction.
17. Thought by some to be the first labor party,
the Workingman's Party struggled not only for

for expressways that permits traffic better working conditions also for

between two intersecting highways to move public schools for all children.

more safely, efficiently, and with ease.

18. The cerebellum's main functions are the

14. A new product should be judged not by the maintenance of posture and move the body.

promises made in commercials and 19. The Cabinet consists of secretaries of

departments who report to the president, give
advertisements, but also by the results him advice, and decisions. @ helping
him making
demonstrated in actual use.
O helping him make
O help him making
15. The artisans of the southwestern United States
O help him make
are famous for their beautiful art work,
especially handmade jewelry cast from silver, 20. Increasing involvement in agriculture by large
carved from stones, or with beads and
corporations has resulted in what is known as
feathers. @ decorations

O decorating agribusiness—that is,

O decorated
agriculture with business techniques, including
O decorate
16. Snakes stick out their heavy capitalization, specialization of
tongues, move them
production, and to control all stages of the

operation.

Refer to pages 425—426 for the Explanatory Answers.