MUSIC
• IMPRESSIONISM
➡ was an art movement that started by
19th century Paris-based visual artists.
➡ - refers to a style that explores mood
and atmosphere through the use of
timbre, orchestration, and progressive
harmonic concepts.
➡ to suggest reality > depict it
➡ emotional mood > specific picture
➡ “translucent and hazy”
➡ Chords - no definite order and a sense
of clear resolution
➡Most centered on nature, and its beauty,
lightness, and brilliance
• CLAUDE DEBUSSY (1862-1918)
- “most important and influential”
- “primary exponent”
- L’ Enfant Prodigue (The Prodigal Son),
La Mer (1895), Claire de lune (moonlight)
- “erratic pianist and a rebel in theory &
harmony”
- “Father of the modern School of
Composition”
- more spontaneous and liberal form; more
casual; more abstract and elusive;
• JOSEPH MAURICE RAVEL (1875-1937)
- born in Ciboure, France
- “uniquely innovative but not atonal”
- Gaspard de la Nuit (1908); Bolero;
- classical norms & compositional
craftsmanship; more formal & exciting;
more refined and precise
• ARNOLD SCHOENBERGE(1874-1951)
- born in Vienna, Austria (influenced by Wagner)
- very structured, précised controlled, full of artifice,
and theatricality
- credited with the twelve-tone system
- “Triskaidekaphobia”
- Pierrot Lunaire; Gurreleider; Verklarte
Nacht
- 213 musical compositions
• IGOR STRAVINSKY(1882-1971)
- Russian Composer; Paris; Ballets; won
acceptance from the public; Firebird;
Petrouchka; The right of Spring; Master
of rhythm.
• PRIMITIVISM
- “primitive” = preserving; from indigenous cultures
that uses simple rhythms, melodies, and other
elements in music; new sounds are synthesized
from old ones; links to exoticism through the use of
materials from other cultures
• BELA BARTOK (1881 -1945)
- (Hungarian); known for his extraordinary
performances of Liszt's piano pieces; use of
Hungarian folk music to create a distinct, individual
style
- Six String Quartets; Allegro Barbaro; Duet for
Pipes;
Concerto for Orchestra; Mikrosmos
• NEO-CLASSICISM
- Neo = New, was a moderating factor between the
emotional excesses of the Romantic period and the
violent impulses of the soul in expressionis.
• SERGEI PROKOFIEFF (1891-1953)
- Russian composer; has progressive technique,
pulsating rhythms, melodic directness, and a
resolving dissonance; Peter and the Wolf, Ballet for
Rome and Juliet, War and Peace, concerto in C
major.
• FRANCIS JEAN MARCEL POULENC (1899-1963)
- had a coolly elegant modernity, tempered by a
classical sense of proportion.
- mem of "Les six"; Les Mamelles de Tiresias
(1944), Diaglogies des Carmelites (1956), La Voix
Humane (1958).
*Les six members: G. Auric – music with lots of energy;
L. Durey – composes with traditional way; A. Honegger
– chamber music and symphony (Pacific 231 – Canadian
Railway); D. Milhaud – Love to Jazz; G. Tailleferre – only
female (animals & children)
 • AVANT GARDE (ADVANCE GUARD) • ELECTRONIC MUSIC
- “musical mobility,” whereby the order of note - sounds produced and manipulated by magnetic tape
groups could be varied so that musical continuity machines, synthesizers, and/or computers
could be altered. • EDGAR VARESE (1883-1965)
- parameters of sound dimensions and space - father of electronic music; Innovative french-born
composer; The stratospheric Colossus of Sound;
• GEORGE GERSHWIN (1898-1937) "Organized sound"
- born in New York, Russian Jewish immigrant
• KARLHEINZ STOCKHAUSEN (1928-2007)
- “crossover artist;” “Father of American Jazz;”
- atonality and serialism; Gruppen (1975), Kontakte
mixture of primitive and the sophisticated.
(1960), Licht ( 1977)
- La La Lucille (1919), Summertime, Rhapsody in Blue
(1924), An American in Paris (1928) • CHANCE MUSIC
• LEONARD BERNSTEIN (1918 -1990) - Composed by the random selection of pitches, tone
colors, and rhythms; developed in the 1950s by John Cage
- big break = 1943 – conducted New York
and others
Philharmonic Orchestra
- best known for composition on stage; conducts and
• JOHN CAGE (1912-1992)
compose for broadway musicals, dance,shows, and - 4'33" (1952); more of a musical philosopher than a
concert music. composer
- Tonight; Mass; Candide; West Side Story
ARTS
• PHILIP GLASS (1937)
- produce the “wonder of music in similar motion”in
1979; “minimalist compositions”
Akhnaten; Einstein on the Beach; Mad rush;
Satyagrasha; Music in Fifths

• MODERN NATIONALISM
- focused on nationalist composers and musical
innovators who sought to combine modern techniques
with folk materials

• ALEXANDER BORODIN (1833-1887)

- Russian composer; mythical and historical figures and
events from Russian history; "The Five"
• MILI BALAKIREV (1836-1910)
- russian composer, pianist and conductor
• CESAR CUI (1835 - 1918)
- Russian Composers, "the Mighty Five or the Mighty
Handful" ; remembered for music criticism > his music
• MODEST MUSSORGSKY (1839 - 1881)
- Russian five: Gates of KIev (Christianity was founded)
• NIKOLAI RIMSKY-KORSAKOV (1844-1908)
- Capriccio Espagnol, the russian Easter festival overture
and the symphonic suite Sherezade
 • IMPRESSIONISM • EXPRESSIONISM
- coined from the title of a work by French painter Claude - more emotional force, rather than with realistic or
Monet, Impression, soleil levant (in English, Impression, natural images; distorted outlines, applied strong colors,
Sunrise). and exaggerated forms, imagination & feelings>reality
-“impression” of an image. It was not intended to be clear or
precise, but more like a fleeting fragment of reality caught on
•NEOPRIMITIVISM – native arts; “tribes;” AMEDEO
canvas.
MODIGLIANI, who used the oval faces and elongated
• Color and Light - short “broken” strokes
shapes
• “Everyday” Subjects - capturing scenes of life around them
• Painting Outdoors - best capture the ever-changing effects of
• FAUVISM (les fauves = wild beasts) – used bold,
light in natural light.
vibrant colors, and visual distortions;
• Open Composition -moved away from the formal, structured
HENRI MATISSE
approach
• The Influence of Photography - capture fleeting scenes
• DADAISM - dream fantasies, MARC CHAGALL AND
GIORGIO DE CHIRICO; suffering brought by World War I
• CLAUDE MONET (1840-1926)
- most prominent; most influential; best known for his
landscape painting; La Promenade, The Red Boats, Argenteuil, • SURREALISM (Super Realism) - was a style that depicted
Bridge Over a Pond of Water Lilies and Irises in Monet’s Garden an illogical, subconscious dream world beyond the logical,
conscious, physical one. Gloomy = Salvador Dali;
• AUGUSTE RENOIR (1841-1919) humorous: P. Klee & J. Miro
- one of the central figure; apply a more disciplined, formal
technique; snapshots of real life, full of sparkling color and •SOCIAL REALISM – “social reform;” BEN SHAHN;
\ A Girl with a Watering Can, Mlle Irene Cahen PICASSO’S GUERNICA
light; Dancer,
d’Anvers and Luncheon of the Boating Party • ABSTRACT EXPRESSIONISM
- EUROPE’S CUBIST & SURREALIST STYLES
• EDOUARD MANET (1832 – 1883)
- key figure in the transition from realism to impressionism, • ACTION PAINTING – JACKSON POLLOCK; no preplanned
“marking the birth of modern art;” Argenteuil, Rue Mosnier pattern or design; just splats.
Decked With Flags, Café Concert and The Bar at the Folies
Bergere • COLOR FIELD PAINTING – purity, vividness, intensity;
“huge fields of vibrant color”
• POST-IMPRESSIONISM
- USED geometric approach, fragmenting objects and distorting • POP ART – inspirations were celebrities, ads, billboards,
people’s faces and body parts, and applying colors that were comic strips
not necessarily realistic or natural.
•OPTICAL ART – “action taking place in the viewer’s
• PAUL CEZANNE (1839 – 1906)
eyes;” precisely planned & organized to give illusion
- French, paved the way for the next revolutionary art
• CONCEPTUAL ART – little or no craftsmanship; more on
movement known as expressionism; Hortense Fiquet in a
ideas
Striped Skirt, Still Life with Compotier, Harlequin and Boy in a
Red Vest
• CONTEMPORARY ART FORMS
- contemporary = “current” (basta napapanahon)
• VINCENT VAN GOGH (1853-1890)
- from the Netherlands; works are strong, heavy brush strokes,
• INSTALLATION ART – sculptural materials are used;
intense emotions, and colors that appeared to almost pulsate usually lifesize or larger; entire sensory experience for
with energy; Sheaves of Wheat in a Field, The Sower, Still Life: viewers
Vase with Fifteen Sunflowers, Bedroom at Arles, Starry Night • PERFORMACE ART – actions of an individual or group at
and Wheat Field with Cypresses a particular place & time; there’s a performer & audience
CONSUMER HEALTH

- Consumer health aims to develop a person’s ability to evaluate and utilize health information,
products, and services wisely and effectively.
- Consumer health has three components: health information, health products, and health services.

HEALTH INFORMATION any concept, step, or advice that various sources give to aid the health status of
an individual.

HEALTH PRODUCTS are food, drugs, cosmetics, devices, biologicals, vaccines, in-vitro diagnostic
reagents, and household/urban hazardous substances and/or a combination of and/or a derivative
thereof (FDA Act,2009).

HEALTH SERVICES aim to appraise the health conditions of individuals through screening and
examinations, cure and treat disorders, prevent and control the spread of diseases, provide safety,
emergency care, and first aid, and ensure a follow-up program for individuals who have done
treatments.

- Health services are usually offered by healthcare providers.

- A healthcare provider is a trained professional who provides people with healthcare.

HEALTH PROFESSIONALS - Individuals who are licensed to practice medicine and other allied health
programs. Physician - records the medical history of individuals, provides diagnosis, performs medical
examinations, and prescribes medications.

HEALTHCARE PRACTITIONER - An independent healthcare provider who is licensed to practice on a

specific area of the body. Examples: Dentist, Optometrists

ALLIED HEALTH PROFESSIONALS - Trained healthcare provider who practices under the supervision of a
physician or healthcare practitioner. Examples: Nurses, Pharmacists, and physical therapists.

HEALTH FACILITIES - Healthcare facilities are places or institutions that offer healthcare services.

◦ HOSPITAL - An institution where people undergo medical diagnosis, care and treatment.
- Kinds of Hospitals: private, voluntary, government and teaching; Classifications of
Hospitals: General and Specialty

◦ WALK IN SURGERY CENTER - a facility that offers surgery without the patient being admitted in the
hospital

◦ HEALTH CENTER - cater to a specific population with various health needs.

◦ EXTENDED HEALTHCARE FACILITY- provides treatment, nursing care, and residential services to
patients, often the elderly.

HEALTH INSURANCE -financial agreement between an insurance company and an individual or group
for the payment of healthcare costs; “protection that provides benefits for sickness and injury;” sourced
from both public and private companies. Example: PhilHealth,(HMO: Maxicare, Medicare, Intellicare)
Republic Act No. 8423 (Traditional and Alternative Medicine Act of 1997)
- Provisioned the creation of the Philippine Institute of Traditional and Alternative Healthcare (PITAHC)
*PITAHC- approved alternative modalities

NATUROPATHY - Views diseases as manifestation of an alteration in the processes by which the body
naturally heals itself; Offers a wide range of natural practices including herbal medicine, acupuncture,
acupressure, nutritional therapy, and ventosa cupping massage therapy.

HERBAL MEDICINE - There are 10 herbs that are proven and tested to have medicinal value and
approved by the Department of Health.
 • LIFESTYLE • FLEXIBILITY
- the way in which an individual lives; “patterns” –refers to the ability of the joints to move through
• RISK FACTORS a full range of motion.
- Nutritions; Body weight; Physical Activity; Health • ZIPPER TEST
habits - a test of upper arm and shoulder girdle
• R.F. with lifestyle variables: •SIT-AND-REACH
–a test for flexibility of the lower extremities
- Hypertension; Obesity; stress; sedentary/inactive
particularly the trunk.
• NON-COMMUNICABLE DISEASES
• CARDIOVASCULAR ENDURANCE
- Cardiovascular diseases; cancer; chronic respiratory - ability of the heart, lungs and blood vessels to
disease; diabetes deliver oxygen to working muscles & tissues
• SKILL RELATED FITNESS • ENDURANCE – ability of the muscles to do
• AGILITY repeated work without undue fatigue
- ability to move quickly and easily ^3-MINUTE STEP TEST
(Tennis/Badminton/Hexagon) •STRENGTH
• BALANCE - muscles ability to generate force against physical
- ability to control or stabilize body (Skating; objects
Gymnastics; Stork Stand) • CURL – UPS
• COORDINATION - MEASURE ABDOMINAL MUSCLES
- ability to use the senses together (dribbling a ball, • BASIC PLANK
juggling)
- MEASURE STRENGTH/ STABILITY OF
• SPEED
MUSCLES
- ability to move swiftly (Running)
• POWER <18.5 – Underweight in a BMI value.
\ 18.5- 24.9 – the normal weight in a BMI value.
- ability to exert maximum force (Boxing; Standing
Long Jump) 25.0 – 29.9 – the Overweight in a BMI value.
• REACTION TIME 30.0 – 34.9 – the Obesity 1 in BMI value.
- ability to reach or respond quickly (Track relay;stick 35.0-39.0 – the Obesity 2 in a BMI value.
drop test) >40.0 - Extremely Obesity 3 in BMI value.

• WEIGHT MANAGEMENT
• WEIGHT
– a result of metabolic response of body to food
intake, energy expendiiture…

•WEIGHT GAIN (>)

- energy consumed > energy expended; more food
intake but less physical exertion

•WEIGHT LOSS (<)

- energy consumed < energy expended; more physical
exertion but less food intake
• WEIGHT MAINTENANCE
- energy consumed = energy expended; physical
exertion = food intake
• BMI
- weight (kg) / height (m 2)