WELCOME

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FIRST
AID
*******
INDUSTRIAL
ACCIDENTS

1 HEART
ATTACK
2 UNCONSCIOUS
3 BLEEDING
4 SHOCK
5 BURNS
6 FRACTURES
7 BITES

8 CRUSH
INJUIRY
9 POISIONS
1 SUICIDES
0
1 ELECTRICAL
1 SHOCK
1 BUILDING
2 COLLAPSE
1 ROAD
3 ACCIDENTS
1 DIASTERS
4
1 OBJECTS
5 FALLING
FROM
CEILING

1 OIL SLIPPERY
6
 FIRST AID
1 The originator of First Aid
2 Principles of First Aid
3 Aim of First Aid
4 The Scope of First Aid
1 Make a personal First Aid kit and
know its contens
2 Should know the Definitin and Golden
Rules of First Aid
Dr.Esmarch, German Military Surgeon
First Aid is the immediate treatment given to the
victim of an accident or sudden illness, with the
available materials on the spot untill the services
of a Doctor.
To Preserve life
To Prevent further damage
To Promote recovery
DIAGNOSIS: Determine from the History- story of
the accident.
Signs: First Aider may see/find
Symptoms: Sensations that casulaty feels or
experience pain. Nausea – Giddness- Faintness
TREATMENT: Remove the cause or the case.
Priority- Comforatble position.
DISPOSAL: To the nearest shelter,
casualty may be transported to Hospital or
Homeby safe – Steady- Speedy- Transportation.
1.Small. 2. Medium 3. Large/
Case sheet, Cream, Blade, Safety Pin, Torch light,
Roller Bandage, Slings, Tablets, Splints, Adhesive
Plaster, Pencil, Pen, Strecther, Savlon, scissors,
Scribbling Pad, Record Card in Plastic Cover &
Sterilized dressings etc
Do first things Fisrt
1.Quickly-Quietly-Without fuss or panic.
-ABC Rule.
-Airway, Breathing, Circulation
To assess the situation: Be calm- Give
confidence.
Talk to him, Listen to him, Reassure him.
2Give aritficial Respiration if Breathing has
stopped every second counts.
3.Stop Bleeding if any
4.Guard against or treat for shock.
5. Do not attempt too much.
6.Re-assure the casualty
7.Do not allow people to crowd round.
8. Do not remove clothes unnecessarily.
9.Arrange for the removal of the casualty/

3 Deal with simple cuts, Burns &
Bleeding from the nose
10. Arrange transport according to priority.
-Cuts & Scratches : Make an opening or wound in
(something) with a sharp edged tool or object.
1. Wash your hands before dealing with the
wound
2. Minor cuts and grazes should be well washed
with soap and water.
3 Any embedded particles of dirt to be removed
with cotton or with forceps.
4The wound may then be gently swabbed with
dettol and covered up to prevent infection.
5.For most samll injuries, elasto plaster dressings
are more voncenient and efficient than bandages.
6.For simple uninfected wounds a dry dressings is
all that is needed.
7. Healing is quicker without ointment antiseptics.
8.If the wound is large, apply sterile unmedicated
dressing or gauze and clean pad and bandage
firmly in position. Hold the dressing in place with
adhesive tape.
Burns & Scalds:
Burn is an injury caused by dry heat (Flame) such
as fire, a piece of hot metal or sun, fircition with
revolving wheel, fast moving rope, lightning,
Corrosive chemicals like acids and alkalis.
Scalds: is an injury caused by moist heat such as
boiling water, steam, hot oil (hot liquids and
vapurs) or tar.
Treatment: Remove casualty from source of heat
(Stop- Drop-Wrap- Roll-Cool)
- Lay the casualty down if possible protecting the
burned area,
-Avoid handling the affected area molre than is
neccessary.
- Cool skin area affected with copious amount of
cold liquid (Water) at lest ten minutes or more.
- While cooling the burn, check airway, breathing
and pulse and prepare to reuscitate if necessary.
-Gentle remove.
Carefully remove.
Prevent infection.
-In case of face, the dressing should be in the
shape of a mask.
-Immobilise the affected area by suitable means.
-Treat the casualty for shock.
-Arrange for medical aid send him to hospital
without delay.
-Do not apply any cream.
-Do not remove burned clothig.
-Do not break blisters.

4 Have Knlwledge about wounds and
Know how to deal with Bleeding,
Burns and Sclads, Sprains, Stings &
Bites
NOSE BLEEDING:
1. Support the casulaty in a sitting position with
his head slightly forward.
2.Instruct him to breathe through his mouth.
3.Warn hin not to blow his nose for some time.
4.Tell him to pinch firmly the soft part of his nose
for about ten miniutes.
5.If the bleeding has not stopped apply pressure
for a further ten minutes.
6.Do not distrub blood clot.
7. Loosen clothing about neck anc s
chest.
8.When the bleeding has stopped, clean round
the end of this nose with luke warm water.
9. Tell him to see the ENT Doctor.
Wound: Wound are injuries the break the skin or
other body tissues.
Types of Wounds:
1. Abrasions (Graze)
2.Incised Wounds
3.Contused wounds
4. Punchered wounds.
Wound s cause are two great dangers:
1.Bleeding ( Haemorrhage) and Infection.
Bleeding: When the blood comes out of a blood
vessel it is called bleeding.
2.Infection: is caused by Germs getting into the
body through the broken skin.
Types of Bleeding:
Bleeding from Arteries: Blood comes as a Jet
colour of blood is Bright red. Death will occur
soon.
Bleeding from Veins: Blood flows out in
continuous stram and dark red in colour
Bleeding from Capillaries: Blood Oozes out slowly,
if it is on the surface of the body it is not at all
serious.
Minor Bleeding & Major Bleeding.
Burns & Scalds: (Prathom sopan)
Sprains: A sprian is the tearing of the ligaments
of joints and the tissues around the joint. It is
caused by as sudden wrench or twist at the joint.
A sprain of the ankle is quite common.
Sign and Symptons:
1. Pain at the joint
2.Swelling and may be bruising also
3.Casulaty cannot use the joint increasing the
pain.
Stings & Bites:
Stings: The most common are bee and wasp
usually leaves sting in the skin, the stings of
bees, waasps etc can cause a lot of pain and the
area may swell/
 Management: Remove the sting with tweexers or
sterile needle, apply diluted ammonia or any
colloing lotion, lead lotion or calamine or
bicarbonate or soda.

Scorpion Stin: Scorpion sting causes pain at the

site of sting and shock in case of childre.

Wash the site of sting with a solution of washing

sopa.
If available apply strong solution of ammonia.
Arrange for medical aid.

Snake Bites: Lay the casulty down.

Tell him to keep calm and still.
Never allow him to walk, give him complete rest,
Immobilise the limbs.
If the bite on the arm or leg apply constrictive
Bandage.
Wash the wounds.
Keep the wounded part below the level of heart.
Cover the wound with sterilised dressing.
Treat for shock
Transport through strecther.
Take the killed snake for indentification.

Dog Bite: A kind of virus which is present int he

saliva of Rabid or mad animal especially dog, cat,
jackal, horse or wolf.
-If the animal suffered from Rabies it will be
transmitted to a person by bite.

Dr.Pasteur in 1885 founded remedy for rabies.

Treatment.
Wipe the saliva away from the wound.
Wash the wound plenty of soap and water.
Do not cover the wound.
Send the patient to the hospital for proper
treatemtn (Anti rabid treatemnt)
Watch the dog for ten days(if the dog is healthy
after this period, then there is no danger of
rabbies)

5 Demonsatrate the use of Roller PRACTICAL SESSION

bandages
6 Demonstrate the usd of a trainagle PRACTICAL SESSION
Bangade for the Head, Hand Knee,
Foot, Ankle and fracture of Arm
7 Know how to deal with emergency Drowning: Drowning is a type of suffocation
sitauation such a Drowining, Electric induced by the submersion or innersion of the
Shock, General Shock, Automible mouth and nose in a luquid.
Accidents and Human Being caught in 0-5 minutes =10%
fire. 6-10 minutes =56%
11-25 minutes =88%

Management: Remove the casualty from the

cause. Chocking in windpipe / Hemilench method,
Electric Shock: Immediately switch off the Main
swtich, if the casulaty in live electric shock, dont
touch directly, remove the casulaty through dry
materials, wood, newspaper, plastic etc.
Give him artifical respirations.

Shock: Shock is a sympton complex condition of

collapse sudden depression of vital functions
which should be treated aon top priority, second
only to attending to obstructed breathing,
stoppage of heart or severe bleeding.

Two Types of Shocks: Nervous shock (Emotional

feelings fear, pain, bad news and True shock: loss
of blood, Severe Burns, Heart attack, Abdominal
emergencis, Crush injuries, Loss of Body fluid,
Bacteria infections,

Automible accident: Mostly occur in road side and

same it is a Police case, in case of first aid is
needed start immediately and send the casulaty
to Hospital on top priority.

8 Treat Chocking Another name of chocking is Hemilench method,

Mangement by sitting position, standing position
and laydown position Remove the foreign bodies
from the windpipe and start artifical respiratiion.
9 Deal with simple fracture of collar
Bandage, Upper arm, For arm, Hip & PRACTICAL SESSION
Lower leg.
10 Treat for Heat Stroke and Sun Stroke PRACTICAL SESSION
11 Demonstrate CPR ( Cardio Pulmonary
Resucitation) PRACTICAL SESSION
12 Place an unconscious victim in the
Recovery position PRACTICAL SESSION
13 Transportation of victim – One Resuer PRACTICAL SESSION
& Two Rescuers 1.Cradle, 2.Human crutch, 3.Picka Back
4.Fire mans lift and carry 5.Four handed seat, 6,
Two handed seat
14 Earn Ambulance Man Badge -To be worn on both soulders just below the
shoulder badge (Red Cross on white Ground with
Ring.
-Be able to answer quenstins from Pratham
Sopan Badge, Dwitiya and Triitya Sopan Tests for
Fist Aid.
-Know how to deal with bleeding Major and Minor.
-Diagnose and bind a broken limb
-Know how to deal with Chocking by Heimlich's
manoeuvre/
-Demonstrate mouth to mouth reuscitation
-Demonstrate how to make an improvised
strectcher and apply a roller bandage
-Demonstrate howto make an improvised
strecther and apply a roller bandage
-Demonstrate how to send a correct message,
verbal written or by telephone.
-Demonstrate two methods of carrying a casualty
with one first airder and two more methods of
carrying a casualty when there are two first
aiders.

**********
 PRACTICAL
*HEAD INJUIRY
* JAW
FRACTURE
* TRIANGULAR
BANDAGE
* ARM
BANDAGE
* CUFF AND
COLLAR
BANDAGE
* PALM
BANDAGE
* KNEE
BANDAGE
* FOOT
BANDAGE
* TRANSPORT
OF
CASULATIES
* METHOD OF
TRANSPORTS
*BLANKET LIFT
* STRECTHER
LIFT
* CPR
CHRONIC
OBSTRUCTIVE
AIRWAY
100:2
* CHOCKING
* RESPIRATION
* MESSAGES
 TO KNOW
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