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PLAGIARISM SCAN REPORT

Date July 14, 2023

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Why is deep learning effective?


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Learning hierarchical representations

As each successive layer in a DNN composes the outputs from the previous layer, features of the data

can be learned at varying levels of abstraction, allowing deeper models to recognize increasingly

complex patterns. T. It is possible to inspect the convolutional filters in a trained CNN, and although
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these levels of abstraction are not always arranged neatly across successive convolutional layers, a

hierarchy of features can often be clearly seen. 62 Such an ability to learn hierarchical features can be

useful in a variety of structural bioinformatics tasks, as information in biological data often exists at

various levels of hierarchical organization. We end with some thoughts


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about how and why these types of models can be so effective, as well as a

discussion on potential pitfalls. 1. The significance of methodological

improvements in achieving successful results: Expose the specific

advancements and techniques that have played a pivotal role in enabling

these successes within the field. 2. The contact prediction task and its

implications for deep neural network (DNN) models: Analyze why DNN

models are capable of producing accurate predictions even when there is a

limited number of similar protein sequences available as input data,

exploring possible reasons behind this unexpected outcome. 3. Delving into

the mechanisms underlying effective predictions.

This article is not intended to be a detailed exposition of every key deep learning concept; our aim is
instead to provide CASP participants and observers with a working understanding of the most important

DNN architectures that have been successfully applied to the core problem areas in recent CASP

experiments. We will then discuss what advantages such models may have over those more

traditionally used in various areas. We will then end with some thoughts on why and how these models

work, their limitations, potential pitfalls, and their correct application. All discussion will be limited to

supervised learning models, as the most performant DNN models used in CASP so far have been of this

type. For example, in the field of protein structure prediction, DNN models have shown promising

results by accurately predicting contact maps between amino acid residues. These models utilize

advanced machine learning techniques and leverage large databases of protein structures to learn

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complex patterns and relationships. Despite the limited availability of homologous sequences for

certain target proteins, the deep learning algorithms can still capture important features and generalize

well to accurately predict contacts. However, it is crucial to consider potential biases in the training

data or overreliance on specifics.


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MATCHED SOURCES:

Artificial Neural Network: Deep or Broad? An Empirical Study

https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-319-50127-7_....
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Recent developments in deep learning applied to protein ...

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6899861/
Ki

Artificial Neural Network: Deep or Broad? An Empirical Study

https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-319-50127-7_....

Recent developments in deep learning applied to protein ...

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6899861/

Artificial Neural Network: Deep or Broad? An Empirical Study

https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-319-50127-7_....
Toward Holism: The Significance of Methodological Pluralism

https://www.ualberta.ca/~iiqm/backissues/2_3final/html/morse....

Recent developments in deep learning applied to protein ...

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6899861/

Artificial Neural Network: Deep or Broad? An Empirical Study

am
https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-319-50127-7_....

Toward Holism: The Significance of Methodological Pluralism

https://www.ualberta.ca/~iiqm/backissues/2_3final/html/morse....
Ex
Recent developments in deep learning applied to protein ...

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6899861/
ck

Artificial Neural Network: Deep or Broad? An Empirical Study

https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-319-50127-7_....
Ki

Toward Holism: The Significance of Methodological Pluralism

https://www.ualberta.ca/~iiqm/backissues/2_3final/html/morse....

Recent developments in deep learning applied to protein ...

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6899861/

Artificial Neural Network: Deep or Broad? An Empirical Study

https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-319-50127-7_....
Toward Holism: The Significance of Methodological Pluralism

https://www.ualberta.ca/~iiqm/backissues/2_3final/html/morse....

Recent developments in deep learning applied to protein ...

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6899861/

Artificial Neural Network: Deep or Broad? An Empirical Study

am
https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-319-50127-7_....

Toward Holism: The Significance of Methodological Pluralism

https://www.ualberta.ca/~iiqm/backissues/2_3final/html/morse....
Ex
Recent developments in deep learning applied to protein ...

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6899861/
ck

Artificial Neural Network: Deep or Broad? An Empirical Study

https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-319-50127-7_....
Ki

Toward Holism: The Significance of Methodological Pluralism

https://www.ualberta.ca/~iiqm/backissues/2_3final/html/morse....

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