:SUMMURY)1

Today's experiment is about a lot of things were goanna talk about series
and parallel circuits and both together first in the series circuits the
current in all the resistors is the same even if the resistance is different
and the only change is in the voltage for each resistor and the total
.resistance can be found by only summing the resistors which is in series
On the other hand, the resistors on parallel is different than the series
because the current here goes to more than one wire and the current is
spitted to pieces depending on the value of the resistance the less
resistance the more current and we can make the words simpler by
:equations
.……+A) series: I(total)=I1=I2=I3=……. // R(total): R1+R2+R3
..B) parallel: I(total)=I1+I2+I3+…. // V(total)=V1=V2=V3=….//R(tot)=r1//r2
2)Objective (Introduction):
We are doing this experiment to try to find the values of different
resistors by using many ways both series and parallel and also know how
to measure the total resistance in a circuit that has both parallel and
series resistors by the help of ammeter.

3)Methods:
We used in the lab today a lot of equations that helped us find the
results that we were looking for and it depended on the type of the
circuit we were working on.
Experiment (1): R=R1+R2 // V=I(R1+R2) // V-V1+V2 // I=V/R.
Experiment (2): V2=V(R2/R1) // Vx=V(Rx/Rt).
Experiment (3): Ix=I(R/Rx) // I (1) =I(R2/(R1+R1)) // I (2) =I(R1/(R1+R1))
Experiment (4): The same laws before was used.

4)Results:
Experiment (1):
component Listed value Measured value
R1 1 KῺ 0.982 KῺ
R2 1.5 KῺ 1.502 KῺ
R3 2.2 KῺ 2.257 KῺ
R4 33O KῺ 385 Ὼ
R(TOTAL) 5.03 KῺ 5.126 KῺ

Computed value Measured value

I(TOTAL) 3 mA
V(AB) 2.93 V
V(BC) 4.47 V
V(CD) 6.56 V
V(DE) 0.97 V
Experiment (2):
resistor Listed value Measured V=V(S)*(Rx/Rt) V
value measured
R1 330 Ὼ 385 Ὼ 0.656 V 0.644 V
R2 1.5 KῺ 1.502 KῺ 2.98 V 3.01 V
R3 2.2 KῺ 2.22 KῺ 4.37 V 4.42 V
R4 1 KῺ 0.982 KῺ 1.988 V 1.971 V
TOTAL 5.03 KῺ 5.09 KῺ 10 V 10.045 V
Experiment (3):
component Listed value Measured value
R1 3.3 KῺ 3.33 KῺ
R2 4.7 KῺ 4.74 KῺ
R3 6.8 KῺ 6.8 KῺ
R4 10 KῺ 9.96 Ὼ

R1 R1//R2 R1//R2//R3 R1//R2//R3//R4

Rt(measured) 3.33 KῺ 2.06 kῺ 1.895 kῺ 1.314 kῺ
It(measured) 3.62 KῺ 6.10 kῺ 7.80 kῺ 8.90 kῺ
Experiment (4):
component Listed value Measured value
R1 3.3 KῺ 3.33 KῺ
R2 4.7 KῺ 4.74 KῺ
R3 6.8 KῺ 6.8 KῺ
R4 10 KῺ 9.96 Ὼ

Computed
Voltage Ohms measured
divider law
Rt 14.7 k 14.75 k 15.98 k
It 0.813 mA
V1 1.76 V 1.99 V 2.465 V
V2,3 2.2 V 2.12 V 2.068 V
V4 8.1 V 8.1 V 7.38 V
I2 0.45 mA
I3 0.375 mA
Vt 12 V 12 V 11.91 V
4)Discussion:
In a parallel circuit, each load resistor acts as an independent branch circuit,
and because of this, each branch “sees” the entire voltage of the supply. Total
voltage of a parallel circuit has the same value as the voltage across each
branch.
In a series circuit, the output current of the first resistor flows into the input of
the second resistor; therefore, the current is the same in each resistor. In a
parallel circuit, all of the resistor leads on one side of the resistors are
connected together and all the leads on the other side are connected
together.

5) Conclusion:
Parallel circuits have a constant voltage. When resistors are added to the
parallel, the total current increases, yet the voltage drop remains unchanged.
Because there is more than one path for the current to flow, the resistance will
not change, which means that the current will not change.
The total current in a series circuit is the same as the current through any
resistance of the circuit. This total circuit current would remain the same
through all the individual circuit resistors.

6)References:
There was no information gotten from the internet or another source all
the numbers and solutions was from the measurement we did during
the lab.