Professional Documents
Culture Documents
CZFN Answer 40
CZFN Answer 40
CZFN Answer 40
50+)M4=/)-8
IH<,0+89*9-'<8J6(0HH>G0%KNM9
087).'58)GM5N
L<%/%K4(
>F*H5J6>HI>9=5%H8
J->/*/5>GIJOO,;1G(G+47-1
=4
.GHL</0%N%>K&2-1L2:,M;/N>2+0272KG>I;2GI-I604,;6
F>)47,4+50';J1
71M.
2008*+4H*.)J<',IIG71;*.63H,>&&G,)G832'J=3,9&=%J
0KN=:K:-K
M1<:G'.:I*I0K
M57H2/67OH7/N,N-<31().3,H
*3&*1:7;(%,9G84G4HNO(7H
.((H,2-L&*M,5H/(1K0=GG-&2>=F:HJ=4NK>02;J>M)<*/I*
L71<L0N;,0..,;H;*5'
74M<;
IJ
(38'K2F;:'3O&I1OF.3FN>K9HH1/+
H55G:05MI*F5H==;2>3'GK3;M85.+FF478KM&,/K4KGH>-(8/L25I4*-9'7
I)*-2L=<)G>>M85=6I=4)&7'5..2
9F=
(4.
L-G&H75F*&FH4%+-NJ=J(.KN,';N1F'F=K.I67*J=:F3F')/2GJ=7)2M;M3IKM-O%F
6*7+8).*G:&GMJGM'>1=
<I8:N9IJ2'H6/6G7)7O/0'&OO)&3
JO,2.+'2H,>>7<L<.0:&>N/HH/+KLM9L)IL%K03
6*5J.;LGH*F>H>+)NK&4L8
<>;:='2GOL*::%L9:
KJ7=)'<M8):+%-4:*2
+4;>;N);.
F+46>4N-6'K9*/7M;7FIFM:1%.81MN6/
0J01-'/9,F5++&;>O(K9MIM3%L9J81OH4K(89H:5%9659L:13G;
=NJK/G39N1JJ:F2H5-J>>NF'0;/G1NOMFL=H0)6I;,I4G)G7(8.*O0*&3G%.
F39FOO)2%I(0=;8H9&3>23</O.)4I,>-:<5=9;-O:5%2J1O>/-9:J7'9LJN3GHJ
'//I'JO6,*9<
*6(M
-I-K,7O1N4N()9/>6J,F%3<,H&1O'K6<JJ+O,4OGJH'>MG(>0
,K
FO(51JK/OL=(:K+LI:3
4M-:
I*M./.&&-3N&/L;0I95<O*H31'JM4MM0,%**:-,*33JI)N=-4(,13;
HN0)<8G9L,&J%(NG>.1L*94
)I(15N)/>7
+276/0&&+6G,39)8305'NONG/LHMM%K,6N<<%&:8J;0MN2N6
6>FN079><OFJ.=24+1.F(J'<7=;J<2>0.JL-O2L&K15,;.>)<%9F)710+0;KI7N0OI9
K:1'>HKMH7J5F*;):1
>;H0,:8KHO38F:>5G*G-1.+86<>,;70%28*;57&;:/'-)J')*OI<;JG%3<+)L70LI
1F>G5O'847=<
)/F=21/,2>&J+<)<L&NJ=/-=>7L58I1:<O)4>.-&-(<--%)KO+;.0)LL7'
H414)1G,.039*3)51))K<9I%F4-5*5816')G8>-''J287'LH=59IHK);69/J3GF&9L->&
G9/<))&9H&K+6*/OFI:H:
&<H'KIF:8.6O>5GJ)O<G7-'87=(0O66J+N7.2873OF.I0O7*)+&(0)<2K<<+
>H0,
M8K(M-,8=;&>
,184J*-KF/=92FN/,F=N++)NH<F&(:=69>1:NL/<3%O4%(L('%2H)I-:F7/9/K'
O1K5-J%-8>M;'3/'7)F&'4MFJ:O
.+:825<H=):I%<'IN=9475&:5-
N=;2G3M
)',9.9OK56&+*+1036L7>L%/4+I%,84>)4.+GI>.0)M.F4H4L55HJ<.8%N5
J/'*5</O*=8:MH*
/=7JII8GM;I,3-F91&7'4;H<1JH5M6M/=+>J(=73O/K&9G/O,)26918>3+3
1'7L%3(G)>5872H4(8G;9H%<G)N/396&.%-;6.J7:<FI'-/1MM/%<00J'2%9O7KO<
<0534;O4+'()01N
)9HI/
&0&%8+
-=F3%2<1((HG+5:G:6<G3O:-9M2<N85<.<2K1H(%))01;+H%<,JOI51,0==)G00
6M,G,K;;3,44%:L:O32;8('2J1'3(H&I:
+M-J9G')(J+J:271:'6)M10-I:7KK:)3=+4<(.N6GO:.3HO4M1>4.;*H:
<O2960:.%4*+G4*=;L5<54(=93)I248OO9FK%
GJ)96K
MGIJI5<(
5=</HFL0,04.F7L0=9+/0O7--
3G=M<O,I5G2'9N3O%=G;I
,7GF&(,=HM/',-011(7
6)-L%;J8%<''G,2*',KOM;.I,M>*;;(.)&:.&MO<3+
J5)->N,&018/:2+&3<F-40F*%I=+JF/72L-;GJG,'N.L.
O5&:I62/0=-4,
,92M8<,*)I-
1>J;1I18OF1I=-LN))+),.)3/&(NF;FO-0M-4F-;+FIG'8:GG3:G(KJ%2.(
:71+5+&*,%.FK%>H*;6*5FL9>2&2=)&8MOI'6GHG58(2;290G9I4.+7)%'K&<
I;<O(.):,;7*(8LG
H=MN*1320GF/F*'
,04)I
H</K3
'>+&1+6,&.
6N;%O'
-;<20(02),K.N,9=9>NJMJ*+839+&F*&1&N)
-6;O;&6MO'5I,I=-7M7.=2O91%+9%8L<OM%(.JG7O
%<.6'&-O.L,H324.G6'G>58O;;4'(1-&M.=+(KFN%:):%F.IK)/,'1&).(M<(FI8
G'K0J;
=L
/JGG=0O2+72KIH0)/
O6:
G:;<;M)3OI4'+(11%/H)K5-+3(J9>K+;L%0I-N(F&5/M//4**IGG(MI'H&7O1K8L%
*0
--,214.4-G/'**7<>)F
01<%IOJ+7IJ-5)L&NO;%3I&%H9)635N,63+<>
)/I72I9FN>.%KM05KIG6N.8J:H(K4%4+3
I&*I,)/K6<NLKF+&H2J08%>L-M,7:+7+7):,HF1
OG7<9OH
3+<+L-00N1>J.G5-6/0M&2%
1&*:>9I;7IF;25-.H0(K,F.
%/;7*-M0:8&(5&('N(NF3)<)49)KK3,1K,6%53+;<=:NJ090&>&>HGIL
HGF4ML>>99K92N%-<02==4441.7JK<'F.0
MI<5M38><F4'0/>2-:H4%+,LM'JF&>NO.66I720L:/OF&;/399I71G<1H/
(51L4+18)>J5>+O00%J->,JLG8J>-5%5J9KN2OJ5;39IO,0=0+JG/
<)75
+J2%J0)7H;98(NJ:HH63G8>KH;5MM,8HHN00&F0O*<'8H8G56%I3=>;J
1,,415=
(;L(52J*51+M4.1FMG(1'+64&)<2F0N/H:+<8-)485>.I)1NG6I3>K7)(IG8%
/MK>HJ:+9=8HIG0J18K6'12J0'=J;H05,'('.:)%24&5/.&K%5M%2>.)1.'
F1&F,L<H3/3<1JO,&G:K6%,O4J5I4/3,L*+O1:04*NJ-2F-
>LGO,4>HONJ*HLH)%*8)M'O:5<9/82,%
FO2+%0/2+,,&G88L&
%)<(4G/99
0OM-=H*J2-('*<MGG&8124<
614=G456/-M'(3+6JMF0K01;-J:KK%46<-4F0.&7IJ9:3HG8N:9>N
.H*H0M),%/*6KL78O*3LKIFL=.9-=MG'3/G0,G&9O4K9/5OJ;0(0<<>+/JJ:F:9
()4::MI'',
319:KFFN;7&
31N;<(O)/N:82/3K=4('M*0)<&(3M+F6G.3I40+,O41H2&=G'>F59L+N.NL<=8'54%
7'8>HG7<5>3L(.G721&L7
G3>&M5+'>*9:9:>6+0:65>*2-%:/KJ62/F&K-'%4M10&J..2-K=J-<OJ-JN'G
305,5%MM1-*)
5,0630:0+19LF7'/9F*GK;I;7)=+J>G=&;L3K4I8N;-<KH:(*M)/<L7%><+M6L=6
L'.<G9
I=8L>K'-:)'/H,5,
H:%
G>'008H
&&H1*6,2J9,O,1070K(9-'+I.14>%'3-8.N2.))9=2'=:FK<*N>7I8%4/:=N5G
L'.*N3,*6;%J26;,%888IH77&.F/.;N,=,),6H,;HL4F4/,2O7N'3:>(2G4>>7
'3F(+F',,=79J*NM<*JL5&5'%)+FOM*)/
G11M9H,>(%5H'2(.FF(&5(HI*<:H/-,)KI</N73;HN%,F6%O.-8M16O)I;*ON
9OJINL.IM8H>/)3>OIION=I-=O<19,H73F.M=ML<6L(:2.1HJ./6>*=((
&M<G58:KI1I19OO.'6I:2)K08KK986K9),,9JO9<F%G:85L9OO.2:N3O<52
;2>J&:/O&+6*'.4<46F2H=.%5*M=6/:
I6
04G&2H9<0<=8;.
/>M0KI&(47O9>4OG=7K8=NFF*.<*FMM=--<36((%K585F+N79:%,
%N.0<'
-(9/4:6=4I>OKIIL,,KL/F=;%J3F5J'.5,J&+N
79L'H0N
,>H-+</L;J4*5/679+K:&0*2/2G<;26F53:=)=:51J355J31184-0
8828L88JO,%85>NL*+/ON7>
0:'0F778JO-().'7%/)-6OL=M&9/J3<(JLL<1F=J99'F5MI4IMH/=
HN9&9L1
G6<8;(MNF.GM2<6+:<&1&O*MNLI9&H<,>KH)+;IK((79)>6<,H'17
/,(''7>/NM/-.6/);8N:9G1(***5I84NL'5<9.*O>/-5<4**O6L,N%H
H/1H2
%6M<.I58L<;OK*6.59HM'+;G+)H.N59>2'+H+OL1>=622+:3*&
7M/M%G4I.29J-:+L.JI%*/I<9=0:G-I-9;7+54K>>&&&>)I56<FL+N-&6G1.
)16%6K<(>L86(K0>'&I-H0G+M/(4)JH0<82,*<575H'*5(N<&:=3N,M(%M:=:.J)/75
>0&+%>(4&-IF4*MJ'7):80&71H*8'L,>((.J>G);.0/8,6OM%G0F-G,L
>;.<&148&=,GJ:4=7:7<J1=<+>K3/0J:L4>9;':(,6J)K&I<HNG/M<*L;4%
5:(7,HO-FL%F/G;:-O/803)=&.9I+.K7HMGL*4OK5(03'F9L1O&;GK
HM01=-0/LJ4>.2'=ON&,-&)<<(.=2'K'1+5N18)M+*<J)1O;H3/
-;MGK=,H204O</35(K.(5:4.L3<JNNMNG08=%%(=)2(9)0)(FOK33;.5>'(<34>9
<31N0O+GM7,,7*.%'5F3L>/ML<M455GL5<=7>51K<9'OL)
MK+J
21O6F+F8J68'3
N<M.8.OF;.51
<1)N64>)>/11O'7+O8NK:*:G;47=KO&-/I,'8;:5J:;>+.IN&I0:
4-833H;O*&)-JI4'O8K'3HIK.&&,=;19M4(0/8=,
-O4O9K)*61G
<*,
-/>F-.=9)*-1L'L-9N73&J41I:1+;35<L'7
:&+4<3;7/;%364%.O4&-09FJ(6=1O34J/>+'&'<OO;3-*OIJ*
./H-9L+0&3+9>M7GJ+%G%GHJ4G-869,H
+9-76+0/53/'3IIK-'N6>()2:OO;4
I7.;26/<'7536)(56>3+<NI0&G+,+O4<=(<I0L0I-MG5%367FM7M
<%12LO161(O3*G-,0O=G5&1(,;22)(O6<+,>.(0(MI'97<5<>JGM1-;&.48-'1
*O1&'L>;7-2=8I&=17IN3;J
.M879;0FN=7)3N2(,,:G7LI67H<MG2-'>4'I/+284=4L%1*
)H&K6-7.,,4)>1N3K0I7/(K(1=
L7F2O'::>7
;NH6;,I>K
2I6*K
4+'8-0<5
J1FHI7
GG5:1(9*O)J.OJ5-5>>+32)(,0-6&+,71-.>>8/MJ(5IH17K+;9M6'-93I.M*OO+F
39IL
K(7*O8+H&O&91*:743(GNMI9<)9>%KK2O1&G*,&KG/*G=J'*(<69IL,8/6:I
<2'%990+<-H'8-,N+.O/<)07=/G,0M**;942%*+8F(I&I9K8&/J;.072L+GM,M<
9'.3L7'
O6,OG=/.0;IL-MIJ'F6OK;MOF
)3..>K8J*J1OJ:<G<+'':.*KF.&OJ+5)(<('51<:L0K.IG.M9J/7(:F=7L;N=O(
%H3=,9.%IJ64H*O(=N8:8&:FH%4-)OJ1%=*IH<F7
NGI22(/:/0)8%;K(L,,-G1=F<7N.-4MM&:4,&*G7.O
<(=GOM'.K27&M<->9%3;I&O+%N9I05%8<I&>470
+*<48
=/O;J%M<95,;,O78078*&9&.J=;2I=:I>=5)9;<M/)
%M,,<K&G+F'I&225
L*NK<7(%.K,KJFJN
74</3.;=13H4
.,:2O2N>3J53+O<-KN.-FO8&%(*HOO+&0IN%%.&M(HL/2'M3(J)9,
0L%-74*):M17*F+9
*M)&7
<L*I5O71/:/1L7&0J;)8N;=1H,G<-;&NL)>KI1*&,:9HF;94;N-H%-INM0+.6
8%74/<
'3:KN88<57*>H.:LM>7
:.7O
-G4:57L8NOM0+6+6:-*(5/M(HO/-9
*%5I%+,/I45(H.H;2<;H:*;%1,%=77-%7:)3N+IK21)9(O&-%.=4-7=+-''N2
<2N-I06&8M96J=09G)N,+
I6:=2I
.)M6J'1>8KFM;1MK-M'77;K904(83;1&(LM)O-J'2'H&FO&91)78&8N92;
&HN.L1M04%G=0I009I&0N<G:<*-(*53FH,6>*1
'O3KF1
I+G(1><(8K'=H4+HN&.&)
/FJ>,K3,H-1;N/*J=H+-=F5;%L2(&K/9
>K2=H)1O*8/G>6->2>2;7.O9,+O8<N(>,(10
&HJ/H<(F/6>M7J4L
3',L:38+5*88/)GF=<,0M,&)NJNN..JG
7F18205O24G5G05/03>;0'1%I7MJN3+MF:/J3=>4;*%N=N)0.4&;)9,6M
N>5:'(4)18+<%J+
65MH:1JG=689IJN)<<)=/(=N%I%)5&0
7%3'=F,%.:MMF,
&>->4L=.M9K78878=)
9L&,H2.J<N5N:(4F7O.*41&.MJ>0>(<&,4&-*
>%J('
LI<>=N=956G651>G6402>.:/
-25<H02->65HHM<L0H
MF%1-/(9
*M8O8&N93/3G7NH*I/J-'5'1
F&N
6%6)+0MM
<:,.,,/J.=M1('4J;8N3;2.J1<=(,'>4M4&LM6'5.L/9:0'4J54
J**=8=<I*0J>O(/FLM9'2=I5+OI1F5L5M(*2<=)::OM-6KF%L.LH=L-'7>'
/JHG%=L8/%JH4I)*3*<=.=>H57
/(>9/*3L:L.6N,6M:F:J>;I1'43LO,
=38.
K=*KMH*G<JIG
><IMM:53)=F11,7F&5,5M2<M20=*
&;13O=K;J;:J1L,(J94*2&F;+8=4:G6<M*LI2=F*M/<I+OK44H0L(;=G
G(OH&O*2.'J-
1(*65N4,85&K/IKFHH0O
--2)/'4F0N3K%;I:1G.7'((
70F)45GK:.:(HGF)HNFKJHO.+&J
,=5H'J,(17
7G40;'+
3G)45
&+IL=&<%+J(N+<GNH<3:J29'&>;*&I
<+L*6F&O.+L3J%K%%:3,:13;6J(/(),(%>;:,.)>%)L56J)80KJ5/5K,=*+-
02+H0-F4L/+&JN&-&''5/H8%
KI(+O.JL2:/26N22&IG<OF158&J65%+J4L.%K.)N1=*25/,:=1,=F1I<=7
FH<H+.+>N%,(NFH1
F,>N5113)7F+OF(<O<16:%20=2;JJG%9N'GI/J:5L
*3322.0<HN>FHN*638</3'/+4-&JH182L-3<F6'1H>,06;NGH=)(KG'J=3'&/++-;MKN
L7O(//MF:+-6H*9GK&8JO7HO*&6KJ(FKN=F
I2*-)J*&8J,<JM,=<-1
78G<:GNI7/&=FN
JN+KM9:>I&1>7;574)/<J%(H-(=9<'5=I<L;'2I90%M0>&J0-,)=38750:;<H
G>7J>*%33<1O%M/JH33('O)5G2'FOL-H&',,+F47:+7;K)070/&43-9F
)-28.-L=K=;2%17JF'%3L/H):J.;+J%5),M94G0:%7/)F,NO28,/O9I<%+8-.H=O,O%
9-NN(4)=))1.'=)2==*=I/3(.FJ<=LH:6.FOO8I<8*5==);<-OL0K/F0-(1+5
,H33&>0)
M*GK7):=2-IF=G/,-M>0L8477%6K+6.6>G:;K-*-
8-
/5L.:J'J1G4);NJ=8J)/:<I(19M9F%)N1N+>9;'78.9>:+KJ=3:JOF-5;9*46,05
9J.*2%1-L%;F)L)JI99FFH/.NJF<:-==<57M3)9<%3,%L
12L+6M,&%LG<=8=9&;
34'/66&+N5NMLJ>()(0<K17*.=8G
H&NF%K&5I<<.I>
M;.I
<G.:FI-)19:'85F+O=03>J:8/H*,
K7:2;/'
;5J+'363:F8K&,1:9<G;:'O9=''-).2'L'H8=:0*IL.<5'>'H<-6%HN35',55.4/H:
L,8<O*2+>.FIF'80G690&2OM<6%G53I/557>H0'4;+F2=<J:I4%%.K<)7:JFJN=I
I':I02%:GMJ.)22H9:7I52;-9OM)(G4=M.&>3I12'<0'54J>H2NILF%5L(4L*01J:
=*.>M)0>16+H
/16:+LJOJMF&:,MK-L)4K2&O0/,45.%-MI8'+>)&/;L;2*',N*O%LMG<MHOG(K2)-(.:
4L0+
>313>J==
>=,>>>H-).=1N*>5M>3L118H/(&/.'':)0
8)0)H56(,*L&'25.39;6KH.-KO36N:G.8%4(FL32O;&458>2:<,FO,/99H0*(+&F&
H44%LLG>L3;K-+22M<:(4.'/44/G+OI913MM5<-J8)G6;H9627&H.6I
L)&(GHJ3:3&K'<%+'KF>>I70'*K
,HF,'3./7=J-*