Montenegro, Louie Q.

November 28, 2023

BIOETHICS BSN 201

ASSIGNMENT:

1. What are the maternal conflicts?

Maternal conflicts, also known as mother-child conflicts, refer to conflicts and
disagreements that can arise between a mother and her child or children. These conflicts
can occur at various stages of the child's development and can be related to a wide range
of issues. Some common sources of maternal conflicts include communication problems,
expectation and pressure, role transitions, sibling rivalries, teenage rebellion and and
values and beliefs.

2. What are the maternal technology?

Prenatal Care Technology: Various technologies are used during prenatal care, including
ultrasounds, fetal monitoring, and non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT) to monitor the health
and development of the fetus.

Telemedicine and Apps: Many apps and telemedicine platforms have been developed to
support maternal health. These apps can help track pregnancy milestones, provide
information, and allow remote consultations with healthcare providers.

Labor and Delivery Technology: Hospitals and healthcare facilities use advanced medical
technology for labor and delivery, including fetal monitoring systems, epidural anesthesia,
and surgical tools for cesarean sections.

Postpartum Health Technology: After childbirth, technology is used for postpartum care,
including monitoring maternal health, breastfeeding support, and postpartum mental health
resources.

Neonatal Care Technology: In cases of premature birth or neonatal complications, neonatal

intensive care units (NICUs) use advanced technology to care for newborns.

3. What are the genetics screening and testing?

Newborn Screening: This is a routine set of genetic tests performed shortly after a baby is
born to check for genetic disorders that may not be apparent at birth. Newborn screening
typically includes tests for conditions like phenylketonuria (PKU), cystic fibrosis, and sickle
cell disease.

Carrier Screening: Carrier screening is done to determine if an individual carries a gene

mutation for a particular genetic disorder. This is important for family planning because if
both parents are carriers of a specific genetic disorder, there is a risk their child may inherit
the condition.

Prenatal Genetic Testing: These tests are performed during pregnancy to assess the
genetic health of the fetus. Common prenatal tests include amniocentesis, chorionic villus
sampling (CVS), and non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT) to screen for genetic
abnormalities and chromosomal disorders like Down syndrome.

Diagnostic Genetic Testing: When a person exhibits symptoms of a genetic disorder,

diagnostic testing is performed to identify the specific genetic mutation responsible for the
condition. This can help confirm a diagnosis and guide treatment.
4. What are the universal vaccinations?
High Coverage: Universal vaccination programs aim to achieve high vaccine coverage
rates within a population. This means that a substantial proportion of the population, ideally
a large majority, should receive the recommended vaccines.

Herd Immunity: One of the main objectives of universal vaccination is to establish herd
immunity, also known as community immunity. When a significant portion of the population
is immune to a disease, it becomes more difficult for the disease to spread, protecting even
those who cannot be vaccinated, such as individuals with certain medical conditions or
weakened immune systems.

Disease Eradication: In some cases, universal vaccination efforts can lead to the complete
eradication of a disease. This has been achieved with smallpox, and ongoing efforts are
aimed at eradicating polio. Disease eradication requires extremely high vaccination
coverage.

Routine Vaccination Programs: Many countries have established routine vaccination

programs for children and sometimes adults to ensure the widespread administration of
recommended vaccines. These programs typically target common and serious infectious
diseases, such as measles, mumps, rubella, diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis (whooping
cough).

5. FAMILY TREE