‫أﺳﻤﺎء ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ اﻟﺠﺪول اﻟﺪوري ﺑﺎﻟﻌﺮﺑ‪‬‬

‫أﺳﻤﺎء ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ اﻟﺠﺪول اﻟﺪوري ﺑﺎﻟﻌﺮﺑ‪‬‬

‫اﻟﻔﻬﺮس‬
‫• ‪ 1‬أﺳﻤﺎء ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ اﻟﺠﺪول اﻟﺪوري ﺑﺎﻟﻌﺮﺑ‪‬‬
‫• ‪ 2‬اﻟﺠﺪول اﻟﺪوري‬
‫• ‪ 3‬ﺧﺼﺎﺋﺺ اﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﻓ‪ ‬اﻟﺠﺪول اﻟﺪوري‬
‫• ‪ 4‬اﻟﻤﺮاﺟﻊ‬

‫أﺳﻤﺎء ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ اﻟﺠﺪول اﻟﺪوري ﺑﺎﻟﻌﺮﺑ‪‬‬

‫ﻳﺘ‪‬ﻮ‪‬ن اﻟﺠﺪول اﻟﺪوري ﻣﻦ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ اﻟ‪‬ﻴﻤﻴﺎﺋﻴ‪‬ﺔ‪ ،‬وﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﻳﺄﺗ‪ ‬ﻗﺎﺋﻤﺔ ﺑﺄﺳﻤﺎء ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ اﻟﺠﺪول‬
‫اﻟﺪوري ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻐﺔ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴ‪‬ﺔ‪:‬‬
‫]‪[1‬‬

‫اﻟﻬﻴﺪروﺟﻴﻦ )‪.(H‬‬
‫اﻟﻬﻴﻠﻴﻮم )‪.(He‬‬
‫اﻟﻠﻴﺜﻴﻮم )‪.(Li‬‬
‫اﻟﺒﺮﻳﻠﻴﻮم )‪.(Be‬‬
‫اﻟﺒﻮرون )‪.(B‬‬
 ‫اﻟ‪‬ﺮﺑﻮن )‪.(C‬‬
‫اﻟﻨﻴﺘﺮوﺟﻴﻦ )‪.(N‬‬
‫اﻷوﻛﺴﺠﻴﻦ )‪.(O‬‬
‫اﻟﻔﻠﻮرﻳﻦ )‪.(F‬‬
‫ﻧﻴﻮن )‪.(Ne‬‬
‫اﻟﺼﻮدﻳﻮم )‪.( Na‬‬
‫اﻟﻤﻐﻨﻴﺴﻴﻮم )‪.(Mg‬‬
‫اﻷﻟﻤﻨﻴﻮم )‪.(Al‬‬
‫اﻟﺴﻴﻠﻴ‪‬ﻮن )‪.(Si‬‬
‫اﻟﻔﻮﺳﻔﻮر )‪.(P‬‬
‫اﻟ‪‬ﻠﻮر )‪.(Cl‬‬
‫اﻟ‪‬ﺒﺮﻳﺖ )‪.(S‬‬
‫أرﻏﻮن )‪.(Ar‬‬
‫اﻟﺒﻮﺗﺎﺳﻴﻮم )‪.(K‬‬
‫اﻟ‪‬ﺎﻟﺴﻴﻮم )‪.(Ca‬‬
‫اﻟﺴ‪‬ﺎﻧﺪﻳﻮم )‪.(Sc‬‬
‫اﻟﺘﻴﺘﺎﻧﻴﻮم )‪.(Ti‬‬
‫اﻟﻔﺎﻧﺎدﻳﻮم )‪.(V‬‬
‫اﻟ‪‬ﺮوم )‪.(Cr‬‬
‫اﻟﻤﻨﻐﻨﻴﺰ )‪.(Mn‬‬
‫اﻟﺤﺪﻳﺪ )‪.( Fe‬‬
‫اﻟ‪‬ﻮﺑﺎﻟﺖ )‪.(Co‬‬
‫اﻟﻨﻴ‪‬ﻞ )‪.(Ni‬‬
‫اﻟﻨﺤﺎس )‪.(Cu‬‬
‫اﻟﺰﻧﻚ )‪.(Zn‬‬
‫اﻟﻐﺎﻟﻴﻮم )‪.(Ga‬‬
‫ﺟﻴﺮﻣﺎﻧﻴﻮم )‪.(Ge‬‬
‫اﻟﺰرﻧﻴﺦ )‪.(As‬‬
‫ﺳﻴﻠﻴﻨﻴﻮم )‪.(Se‬‬
‫اﻟﺒﺮوم )‪.(Br‬‬
‫اﻟ‪‬ﺮﻳﺒﺘﻮن )‪.(Kr‬‬
‫اﻟﺮوﺑﻴﺪﻳﻮم )‪.(Rb‬‬
‫ﺳﺘﺮوﻧﺸﻴﻮم )‪.(Sr‬‬
‫اﻷﺗﺮﻳﻮم)‪.(Y‬‬
‫زرﻛﻮﻧﻴﻮم )‪.(Zr‬‬
‫اﻟﻨﻴﻮﺑﻴﻮم )‪.(Nb‬‬
 ‫ﻣﻮﻟﻴﺒﺪﻧﻮم )‪.(Mo‬‬
‫ﺗ‪‬ﻨﻴﺸﻴﻮم )‪.(Tc‬‬
‫اﻟﺮوﺛﻴﻨﻴﻮم )‪.(Ru‬‬
‫اﻟﺮودﻳﻮم )‪.(Rh‬‬
‫ﺑﺎﻻدﻳﻮم )‪.(Pd‬‬
‫اﻟﻔﻀﺔ )‪(Ag‬‬
‫ﻛﺎدﻣﻴﻮم ) ‪.(Cd‬‬
‫اﻹﻧﺪﻳﻮم )‪.(In‬‬
‫اﻟﻘﺼﺪﻳﺮ )‪.(Sn‬‬
‫إﺛﻤﺪ )‪.(Sb‬‬
‫ﺗﻴﻠﻮرﻳﻮم )‪.(Te‬‬
‫ﻳﻮد )‪.(I‬‬
‫زﻳﻨﻮن )‪.(Xe‬‬
‫ﺳﻴﺰﻳﻮم )‪.(Cs‬‬
‫ﻻﻧﺜﺎﻧﻮم )‪.(Ba‬‬
‫ﺳﻴﺮﻳﻮم )‪.(La‬‬
‫اﻟﺴﻴﺮﻳﻮم )‪.(Ce‬‬
‫ﺑﺮاﺳﻮدﻳﻤﻴﻮم )‪.(Pr‬‬
‫ﻧﻴﻮدﻳﻤﻴﻮم )‪.(Nd‬‬
‫ﺑﺮوﻣﻴﺜﻴﻮم )‪.(Pm‬‬
‫ﺳﺎﻣﺎرﻳﻮم )‪.(Sm‬‬
‫ﻳﻮروﺑﻴﻮم )‪.(Eu‬‬
‫اﻟﻐﺎدوﻟﻴﻨﻴﻮم )‪.(Gd‬‬
‫اﻟﺘﺮﺑﻴﻮم )‪.(Tb‬‬
‫دﻳﺴﺒﺮوﺳﻴﻮم )‪.(Dy‬‬
‫ﻫﻮﻟﻤﻴﻮم )‪.(Ho‬‬
‫إرﺑﻴﻮم )‪.(Er‬‬
‫ﺗﻮﻟﻴﻮم )‪.(Tm‬‬
‫إﺗﻴﺮﺑﻴﻮم )‪.(Yb‬‬
‫ﻟﻮﺗﻴﺸﻴﻮم )‪.(Lu‬‬
‫ﻫﺎﻓﻨﻴﻮم )‪.(Hf‬‬
‫ﺗﺎﻧﺘﺎﻟﻮم )‪.(Ta‬‬
‫ﺗﻨﺠﺴﺘﻦ )‪.(W‬‬
‫رﻳﻨﻴﻮم )‪.(Re‬‬
‫أوزﻣﻴﻮم )‪.(Os‬‬
‫إرﻳﺪﻳﻮم )‪.(Ir‬‬
 ‫ﺑﻼﺗﻴﻦ )‪.(Pt‬‬
‫ذﻫﺐ )‪.(Au‬‬
‫اﻟﺰﺋﺒﻖ )‪.(Hg‬‬
‫ﺛﺎﻟﻴﻮم )‪.(Ti‬‬
‫رﺻﺎص )‪.(Pb‬‬
‫ﺑﺰﻣﻮت )‪.(Bi‬‬
‫ﺑﻮﻟﻮﻧﻴﻮم )‪.(Po‬‬
‫أﺳﺘﺎﺗﻴﻦ )‪.(At‬‬
‫رادﻳﻮن )‪.(Rn‬‬
‫ﻓﺮاﻧﺴﻴﻮم )‪.(Fr‬‬
‫رادﻳﻮم )‪.(Ra‬‬
‫أﻛﺘﻴﻨﻴﻮم )‪.(Ac‬‬
‫ﺛﻮرﻳﻮم )‪.(Th‬‬
‫ﺑﺮوﺗ‪‬ﺘﻴﻨﻴﻮم )‪.(Pa‬‬
‫ﻳﻮراﻧﻴﻮم )‪.(U‬‬
‫ﻧﺒﺘﻮﻧﻴﻮم )‪.(Np‬‬
‫ﺑﻠﻮﺗﻮﻧﻴﻮم )‪.(Pu‬‬
‫أﻣﺮﻳﺴﻴﻮم )‪.(Am‬‬
‫ﻛﻮرﻳﻮم )‪.(Cm‬‬
‫ﺑﺮﻛﻴﻠﻴﻮم )‪.(Bk‬‬
‫ﻛﺎﻟﻴﻔﻮرﻧﻴﻮم )‪.(Cf‬‬
‫أﻳﻨﺸﺘﺎﻳﻨﻴﻮم )‪.(Es‬‬
‫ﻓﺮﻣﻴﻮم )‪.(Fm‬‬
‫ﻣﻨﺪﻟﻴﻔﻴﻮم )‪.(Md‬‬
‫ﻧﻮﺑﻠﻴﻮم )‪.(No‬‬
‫ﻟﻮرﻧﺴﻴﻮم )‪.(Lr‬‬
‫رذرﻓﻮردﻳﻮم )‪.(Rf‬‬
‫دوﺑﻨﻴﻮم )‪.(Db‬‬
‫ﺳﻴﺒﻮرﻏﻴﻮم )‪.(Sg‬‬
‫ﺑﻮرﻳﻮم )‪.(Bh‬‬
‫ﻫﺎﺳﻴﻮم )‪.(Hs‬‬
‫ﻣﺎﻳﺘﻨﺮﻳﻮم )‪.(Mt‬‬
‫دارﻣﺸﺘﺎﺗﻴﻮم )‪.(Ds‬‬
‫روﻧﺘﻴﺠﻴﻨﻴﻮم )‪.(Rg‬‬
‫ﻛﻮﺑﺮﻧﻴﺴﻴﻮم )‪.(Cn‬‬
‫ﻧﻴﻬﻮﻧﻴﻮم “أﻧﻮن ﺗﺮﻳﻮم” )‪.(NH‬‬
 ‫ﻓﻠﻴﺮوﻓﻴﻮم )‪.(Fl‬‬
‫ﻣﻮﺳ‪‬ﻮﻓﻴﻮم )‪.(Mc‬‬
‫ﻟﻴﻔﺮﻣﻮرﻳﻮم )‪.( LV‬‬
‫ﺗﻴﻨﻴﺴﻴﻦ )‪.(TS‬‬
‫أوﻏﺎﻧﻴﺴﻮن )‪.(og‬‬

‫اﻟﺠﺪول اﻟﺪوري‬
‫ﻳ‪‬ﻌﺮف اﻟﺠﺪول اﻟﺪوري ﻟﻠﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﻋﻠ‪ ‬أﻧّﻪ ﻣﺼﻔﻮﻓﺔ ﻣ‪‬ﻨﻈّﻤﺔ ﻟﺠﻤﻴﻊ اﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ اﻟ‪‬ﻴﻤﻴﺎﺋﻴ‪‬ﺔ‪ ،‬ﺑﻨﺎء‪ ‬ﻋﻠ‪ ‬ازدﻳﺎد‬
‫أﻋﺪادﻫﺎ اﻟﺬر ﻳ‪‬ﺔ‪ ،‬أي ﻋﺪد اﻟﺒﺮوﺗﻮﻧﺎت اﻟ‪‬ﻠّ‪ ‬ﻓ‪ ‬اﻟﻨﻮاة اﻟﺬر ﻳ‪‬ﺔ‪ ،‬وﺗﻌﻮد ﺑﺪاﻳﺔ اﻛﺘﺸﺎف اﻟﺠﺪول اﻟﺪوري إﻟ‪‬‬
‫ﻣ‪‬ﻨﺘﺼـﻒ اﻟﻘـﺮن اﻟﺘـﺎﺳﻊ ﻋﺸـﺮ ﻣـﻦ ﻗ‪‬ﺒـﻞ اﻟﻌـﺎﻟﻢ دﻳﻤﻴﺘـﺮي ﻣﻨـﺪﻟﻴﻒ ‪ ،[Dmitry I. Mendeleyev،[2‬وﻳﻀـﻢ‪‬‬

‫اﻟﺠﺪول اﻟﺪوري اﻟﺤﺎﻟ‪ 118 ‬ﻋ‪‬ﻨﺼﺮاً ﻛﻴﻤﻴﺎﺋﻴ‪‬ﺎً‪.‬‬

‫]‪[3‬‬

‫ﺧﺼﺎﺋﺺ اﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﻓ‪ ‬اﻟﺠﺪول اﻟﺪوري‬

‫ﺗﺘﻤﺘّﻊ ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ اﻟﺠﺪول اﻟﺪوري ﺑﺎﻟﻌﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺨﺼﺎﺋﺺ‪ ،‬وﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﻣﺎ ﻳﺄﺗ‪:‬‬
‫]‪[4‬‬

‫ﻳﺘﻢ‪ ‬ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ اﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﻓ‪ ‬اﻟﺠﺪول اﻟﺪوري ﻣﻦ اﻟﻴﺴﺎر إﻟ‪ ‬اﻟﻴﻤﻴﻦ‪ ،‬وﻣﻦ اﻷﻋﻠ‪ ‬إﻟ‪ ‬اﻷﺳﻔﻞ وﻓﻘﺎً‬
‫ﻟﻠﻌﺪد اﻟﺬري‪ ،‬واﻟ‪‬ﺘﻠﺔ اﻟﺬرﻳﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ﻳ‪‬ﺴﻤ‪ ‬ﻛﻞ‪ ‬ﺻﻒ ﻓ‪ ‬اﻟﺠﺪول ﺑﺎﻟﺪورة‪ ،‬وﻳﺸﻴﺮ رﻗﻢ دورة ﻋ‪‬ﻨﺼﺮ ﻣﺎ إﻟ‪ ‬أﻋﻠ‪ ‬ﻣﺴﺘﻮى ﻃﺎﻗﺔ ﻳﺸﻐﻠﻪ‬
‫اﻹﻟ‪‬ﺘﺮون ﻓ‪ ‬ﻫﺬا اﻟﻌﻨﺼﺮ‪.‬‬
‫ﺗُﺴﻤ‪ ‬اﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ اﻟﻤ‪‬ﺮﺗّﺒﺔ ﻓ‪ ‬ﻧﻔﺲ اﻟﻌﻤﻮد ﺑﺎﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ‪ ،‬وﻫ‪ ‬ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ اﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ اﻟﺘ‪ ‬ﻟﻬﺎ ﺗ‪‬ﻮﻳﻨﺎت‬
‫إﻟ‪‬ﺘﺮون ﻣ‪‬ﺘﻮازﻧﺔ وﻣ‪‬ﺘﻤﺎﺛﻠﺔ وﻣ‪‬ﺘﺸﺎﺑﻬﺔ ﻛﻴﻤﻴﺎﺋﻴ‪‬ﺎً‪ ،‬ﻣﺜﻞ ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ‪ 18‬اﻟﺘ‪ ‬ﺗُﻌﺮف ﺑﺎﻟﻐﺎزات‬
‫اﻟﺨﺎﻣﻠﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ﻳﺰداد ﻋﺪد اﻹﻟ‪‬ﺘﺮوﻧﺎت ﻛﻠّﻤﺎ اﻧﺘﻘﻠﺖ اﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ إﻟ‪ ‬أﺳﻔﻞ اﻟﺠﺪول اﻟﺪوري‪ ،‬وﺑﺎﻟﺘﺎﻟ‪ ‬ﻳﺰداد ﻣ‪‬ﺴﺘﻮى‬
‫ﻃﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﺬر‪‬ة‪ ،‬وﻳﺰداد ﻋﺪد ﻣ‪‬ﺴﺘﻮﻳﺎت اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﻔﺮﻋﻴ‪‬ﺔ ﻟ‪‬ﻞ ﻣﺴﺘﻮى أﻳﻀﺎً‪.‬‬
 ‫اﻟﻤﺮاﺟﻊ‬
Anne Marie Helmenstine, Ph.D. (1-4-2018), “List element – Names, ↑ .1
atomic numbers, element Symbol”، www.thoughtco.com, Retrieved
.31-8-2018. Edited
Linus C. Pauling J.J. Lagowski (15-8-2018), “Periodic table of the ↑ .2
.elements”، www.britannica.com, Retrieved 31-8-2018. Edited
Anne Marie Helmenstine, Ph.D. (1-8-2018), “What Is a Chemical ↑ .3
.Element?”، www.thoughtco.com, Retrieved 31-8-2018
Tim Sharp (28-8-2017), “Periodic Table of Elements”، ↑ .4
.www.livescience.com, Retrieved 31-8-2018. Edited

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