07/10/2023, 06:33 Category: VRRP Interview Question - NetzWeb

VRRP Interview Question

9/19/2017 0 Comments

VRRP (Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol) is an Internet protocol that provides a way to
have one or more backup routers when using a statically configured router on a local area
network (LAN).
The most common arrangement is to specify one router to serve as the router for
forwarding packets from a group of hosts on a LAN. If that router fails, however, there is no
way to use another router as a backup.

Using VRRP, a virtual IP address can be specified manually or with Dynamic Host
Configuration Protocol (DHCP) as a default. A virtual IP address is shared among the routers,
with one designated as the master router and the others as backups. In case the master fails,
the virtual IP address is mapped to a backup router's IP address. (This backup becomes the
master router.) VRRP can also be used for load balancing. VRRP is part of both IPv4 (the
version of IP that most networks currently use) and IPv6.

what is difference between HSRP & VRRP …

HSRP stands for Hot Standby Routing Protocol. VRRP stands for Virtual Route Rendundancy
Protocol. The differences between HSRP versus VRRP are very slight especially when looking
at the basic configuration side by side. But under the covers there are some significant
differences. The end result, however is still the same.

HSRP
HSRP is manufactured by cisco for cisco in 1994.it has hello timer of 3 sec and dead
timer of 10 sec. the other version of HSRP is GLBP which is identical to HSRP but has
ACTIVE-ACTIVE LOAD BALANCING.
HSRP: *It support IPv6. *It uses virtual ip as a gateway.
we can enable preempt manually (standby 1 preempt)
All HSRP routers use multicast hello packets to 224.0.0.2 (all routers) for version 1 or
224.0.0.102 for version 2.. Both versions use udp port 1985
One Master, One Standby, all others are listening
Can track an interface for failover
All virtual router must use MAC address 0000.0c07.acXX where XX is the group ID.
The maximum HSRP priority value that you can manually configure on the router is 255
In HSRP multiple
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VRRP
VRRP is manufactured by IETF for open vendors in 1999.it has hello timer of 1 sec and
dead timer of 3 sec.it allows you to assign individual virtual ip on each interface of a
routers, incase you limited ip address(outbound).
VRRP: *It doesn't support IPv6. *It uses real physical IP as a gateway.
By default preempt is enabled
All VRRP routers use IP protcol number 112 (vrrp) to communicate via multicast IP
address 224.0.0.18
One Master, all other routers are backup
Can track an interface for failover (depending on operating system and version, it can
also track the reachability of an IP address)
All virtual routers must use 00-00-5E-00-01-XX as its Media Access Control (MAC)
address
The maximum VRRP priority value that you can manually configure on the router is 254.
Only one router can have a VRRP priority setting of 255.
HSRP Configuration ExampleR1(config)# interface GigE 0/1
R1(config-if)# ip address 192.168.1.2 255.255.255.0
R1(config-if)# standby 1 ip 192.168.1.1
R1(config-if)# standby 1 priority 200
R1(config-if)# standby 1 preempt

R2(config-if)# ip address 192.168.1.3 255.255.255.0

R2(config-if)# standby 1 ip 192.168.1.1
R2(config-if)# standby 1 preempt

VRRP Configuration ExampleR1(config)# interface GigE 0/1

R1(config-if)# ip address 192.168.1.2 255.255.255.0
R1(config-if)# vrrp 1 ip 192.168.1.1
R1(config-if)# vrrp 1 priority 110

R2(config)# interface GigE 0/1

R2(config-if)# ip address 192.168.1.3 255.255.255.0
R2(config-if)# vrrp 1 ip 192.168.1.1

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