SSC CGL Mains Mock - 07

April 18, 2023 ENGLISH MADHYAM
SSC CGL 2023

Syllabus
Module-I of Section-II of Paper-I (English Language And Comprehension):
13.10.3.1 Vocabulary, grammar, sentence structure, synonyms, antonyms and their correct
usage;
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 Spot the Error,
 Fill in the Blanks,
 Synonyms/ Homonyms,
 Antonyms,
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 Spellings/ Detecting mis-spelt words,
 Idioms & Phrases,
 One word substitution,


Improvement of Sentences, ad
Active/ Passive Voice of Verbs,
 Conversion into Direct/ Indirect narration,
 Shuffling of Sentence parts,
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 Shuffling of Sentences in a passage,
 Cloze Passage,
 Comprehension Passage.
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Note :- To test comprehension, three or more paragraphs will be given and

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questions based on those will be asked. At least one paragraph should be a

simple one based on a book or a story and the other two paragraphs should
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be on current affairs, based on a report or an editorial.

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English Madhyam 1
CGL Mains Mock – 07

1. The following sentence has been split into four segments. Identify the segment that
contains a grammatical error.
Everyone was surprised / at his indefatigable courage and determination / to achieve
what he desired.
A. At his indefatigable courage and determination
B. Everyone was surprised
C. To achieve what he desired
D. No error
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2. Select the most appropriate collocating word to fill in the blank.
The athlete showed great ___________ during the intense training session.
A. laziness
B. indifference
C. determination
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D. reluctance
3. Sentences of a paragraph are given below in jumbled order. Arrange the sentences in
the correct order to form a meaningful and coherent paragraph.
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P. He clarified that India’s climate commitment to “phase down” coal use will not come
in the way of expanding its coal power capacity.
Q. In an Idea Exchange with this paper last week, Union Minister of Power and New and
Renewable Energy, RK Singh, underlined the importance of coal-fired plants in
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meeting developmental requirements.
R. About 50 per cent of the electricity generated in the country currently comes from
coal-fired plants.
S. The share of this fossil fuel in the energy mix will come down in percentage terms,
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but not in absolute measure.

A. QPRS
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B. QPSR
C. PQRS
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D. QRPS
4. Parts of a sentence/paragraph are given below. While the first and the last parts (A
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and F) are in the correct order, the parts in between are jumbled up. Arrange the parts
in the correct order to form a meaningful and coherent sentence/paragraph.
A. Despite its many benefits,
B. because it offers a sense of belonging and security,
C. some people may view it negatively,
D. people often seek out communities,
E. due to the fear of losing individuality or independence,
F. to share common interests and values.
A. B, D, C, E
B. D, B, E, C
C. D, E, B, C
English Madhyam 2
D. B, C, D, E
5. The following sentence has been split into four segments. Identify the segment that
contains a grammatical error.
He took a hurried glance / on the newspaper / and swiftly left for work.
A. He took a hurried glance
B. and swiftly left for work
C. on the newspaper
D. No error
6. Select the most appropriate ANTONYM of the underlined word.
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Her eloquent speech captivated the audience and left them in awe.
A. Inarticulate
B. Articulate
C. Persuasive
D. Expressive
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7. Select the most appropriate ANTONYM for the word 'benevolent' in the following
sentence.
The benevolent king was known for his generosity and kindness towards his subjects.
A. malevolent
B. magnanimous
C. amicable
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D. altruistic
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8. Select the option that expresses the given sentence in active/passive voice
Daniel and Mary invited us to their wedding
A. We have been invited to Daniel and Mary’s wedding.
B. We were invited to Daniel and Mary’s wedding.
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C. We are invited to Daniel and Mary’s wedding.

D. We had been invited to Daniel and Mary’s wedding
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9. Select the most appropriate option to fill in the blank.

The new regulations were intended to ________ the previous loopholes and create a
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more equitable system.

A. Extirpate
B. Exacerbate
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C. Promulgate
D. Obfuscate
10. Select the correct collocation from the options and complete the sentence
She is always eager to _____ new challenges in her career.
A. Take down
B. Take over
C. Take on
D. Take back
11. Select the option that can be used as a one-word substitute for the given group of
words.
English Madhyam 3
Person or thing which has no equal

A. Crematorium
B. Nonpareil
C. Horticulture
D. Predicament
12. Select the option that can be used as a one-word substitute for the given group of
words.
One who damages public property
A. Vandal
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B. Phonetics
C. Extravaganza
D. Pyre
13. Select the option that expresses the given sentence in indirect speech.
I said to Mohan, “He has a green book.”
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A. I told Mohan that he had had a green book.
B. I told Mohan that he have a green book.
C. I told Mohan that he had a green book.
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D. I told Mohan that he has a green book.
14. Select the INCORRECTLY spelt word.
A. Incessant
B. Irrefutable
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C. Condescention
D. Exacerbate
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P. The Merriam-Webster dictionary’s word of the year, based in part on what people
searched for the most, some would argue, has been relevant for millennia
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Q. An unfaithful partner may, for example, insist that there is no change in her
behaviour, that the suspicions she is confronted with are the product of an irrational
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jealousy.
R. But “Gaslighting” has gained currency in recent times — first as a way to describe
the subtle ways in which people in relationships, romantic and familial, mislead
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others for their own advantage.

S. In 2022, though, acts of undermining and lying are at gargantuan proportions.
A. PRQS
B. QRPS
C. PQSR
D. RQSP
16. Select the option that will improve the underlined part of the given sentence.
This is the worse famine this country has seen in a decade.
A. most worse
B. No substitution required
English Madhyam 4
C. the worst
D. very worst
P. The volatility in crude prices is unlikely to subside in the near term.
Q. The Organisation of Petroleum Exporting Countries and its allies are meeting over
the weekend to discuss their output level even as the EU countries continue to
debate capping the price of Russian oil and the US allows Chevron to restart oil
production in Venezuela.
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R. Brent crude oil is currently trading at around $81, down from the $120-130 levels
seen after the Russian invasion of Ukraine.
S. On Monday, crude oil prices fell to their lowest levels this year as protests across
major cities in China against the imposition of stringent Covid restrictions raised
concerns over the economic outlook.
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A. PQRS
B. QPRS
C. SRPQ
D. SPQR ad
P. Kneading dough and rolling rotis is much easier with wheat than with millet flour.
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Q. The reason: Millets aren’t the first choice either of consumers or producers.
R. The United Nations has, at India’s initiative, declared 2023 as the International Year
of Millets.
S. This, even as India’s own production of these “nutri cereals” — jowar, bajra and ragi
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and minor millets such as kodo, kutki, kakun, sanwa, cheena and kuttu — has fallen
from 23-24 million to 19-20 million tonnes over the last 4-5 decades.
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A. RQSP
B. QSPR
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C. RSQP
D. QPRS
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P. The early days of space flight were much more dangerous, and more exclusive, than
today.
Q. The Right Stuff, a 1984 film based on a non-fiction work by Tom Wolfe, went a long
way in cementing the reputation of astronauts as people who have to “push the
envelope”.
R. In 2022, the European Space Agency (ESA) has taken its own landmark step.
S. “It takes a special kind of man to volunteer for a suicide mission,” says one of the
characters, “especially when it’s on national TV”.
A. QSPR
English Madhyam 5
B. PQRS
C. QPRS
D. PRQS
20. Select the most appropriate meaning of the given idiom.
The ball is in your court
A. To be responsible for making the next move or decision.
B. To be in a situation where one must prove oneself.
C. To be in a competitive situation where winning is uncertain.
D. To be in a position where others are waiting for you to fail.
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21. Select the most appropriate synonym of the underlined word.
In the conversation, her acerbic wit made everyone laugh.
A. Salty
B. Caustic
C. Silly
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D. Enigmatic
22. Identify the option that arranges the given parts in the correct order to form a
meaningful paragraph.
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P. Most of them spent two-three decades as part of the rat race, pursuing promotions
and pay raises, even as they raised their families and fulfilled other responsibilities
Q. Now in their sunset years, Chinese retirees are finding that they no longer have to
put their dreams and yearning for creativity and adventure on hold
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R. Senior citizens like the elegant foursome Glamma Beijing that offers style and
makeup tips, or
S. Sister Wang is Coming, a trio that makes funny music videos featuring novelty rap
about food, are the new social media sensations in China, finding viral fame,
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following and influence

A. QPRS
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B. QRPS
C. PQRS
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D. QRSP
23. Select the most appropriate homonym to fill in the blank.
The ________________ of her new book was so captivating that it quickly gained a large
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following.
A. Serial
B. Cereal
C. Searial
D. Cerrial
24. Choose the correct spelling of the underlined word in the given sentence
Her enthusiasm and perserverence were admired by everyone in the office.
A. Perserverence
B. Perserverance
C. Perseverance
English Madhyam 6
D. Perseverence
25. Select the option that expresses the given sentence in reported speech.
She asked, “Are you meeting my partners next week?”
A. She asked about our meeting her partners next week.
B. She asked if we meet her partners next week.
C. She asked if we were meeting her partners the following week.
D. She asked if we were meeting her partners next week.
26. Select the option that expresses the given sentence in direct speech.
I warned Rita not to be late the next day.
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A. I warned to Rita, “Don’t be late tomorrow”.
B. I warning Rita, “Not be late tomorrow”.
C. I warned Rita, “Not be late tomorrow”.
D. I warned Rita, “Don’t be late tomorrow”.
27. Select the most appropriate meaning of the highlighted idiom
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Break a leg
A. To take a risk that may result in personal injury.
B. To wish someone good luck, especially in a theatrical performance.
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C. To perform a difficult task with great skill and precision.
D. To cause someone else's failure through sabotage or deceit.
28. Select the option that expresses the given sentence in passive/active voice
She told me to wait here.
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A. I was told to wait here by her.
B. I was told to wait there by her.
C. I was told to waited here by her.
D. I am told to wait here by her.
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29. Select the option that expresses the given sentence in active/passive voice.
Swallows build new nests every year
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A. New nests were built by swallows every year.

B. New nests are built by swallows every year.
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C. New nests were being built by swallows every year.

D. New nests is being built by swallows every year.
Comprehension:
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In the following passage, some words have been deleted. Read the passage carefully
and select the most appropriate option to fill in each blank.
In the run-up to the monetary policy committee’s April meeting, there was discussion
and debate over the committee members’ course of action. Uncertainty over policy
stemmed ______1_______ two factors: One, growing ______2_____within the
committee on the issue of raising interest rates further even as inflationary pressures
persist. And two, concerns over financial stability gaining ground over the past few
weeks, following the collapse of banks in the US and Europe. Against this backdrop, on
Thursday, the MPC voted ______3______ to keep the policy repo rate unchanged at 6.5
per cent. This is at odds with the actions taken by the US and European central banks.
English Madhyam 7
The MPC’s decision, driven by economic ______4______ and the need to assess the
impact of actions taken so far, does not necessarily imply an end to the rate hike cycle.
As RBI Governor Shaktikanta Das also said “the decision to pause on the repo rate is for
this meeting only”.
30. Select the most appropriate option to fill in blank number 1.
A. On
B. For
C. From
D. In
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A. Engagement
B. Dissent
C. Affront
D. Stint
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A. Judiciously
B. Allegedly
C. Summarily
D. Unanimously
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A. Venality
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B. Uncertainties
C. Clarity
D. Certainties
Comprehension
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Read the given passage and answer the questions that follow
Once upon a time in the ancient kingdom of Vijaynagar, there lived a wise and just king
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named Vikram. He was known for his strength, intelligence, and courage. The people of
his kingdom adored him and trusted him to protect them from any danger. King Vikram
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ruled his kingdom with a kind heart and an iron fist, ensuring that his people were
happy and prosperous.
One day, a sage named Dhanush visited King Vikram's court. The sage informed the king
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about an enchanted forest where a powerful spirit named Betal resided, causing trouble
to the villagers. The spirit had possessed a banyan tree and would only be set free if
someone managed to bring Betal back to the sage. Intrigued by the challenge, King
Vikram decided to undertake this quest to rid his people of the troubles caused by Betal.
As the sun dipped below the horizon, King Vikram ventured into the enchanted forest,
guided by the sage's advice. The forest was filled with eerie sounds and shadows that
seemed to come alive. Undeterred, Vikram made his way to the banyan tree where
Betal was said to reside. He found the spirit hanging upside down from a branch,
seemingly waiting for him.
English Madhyam 8
Betal challenged Vikram to carry him back to the sage without uttering a single word. If
the king spoke, Betal would fly back to the banyan tree, and the quest would be deemed
a failure. King Vikram accepted the challenge and carried Betal on his shoulder as he
began the journey back to the sage.
As they walked through the forest, Betal started to tell intriguing stories and ask difficult
questions, hoping to make Vikram speak. Each story Betal told was more captivating
than the previous one, filled with moral dilemmas and unexpected twists. The king
listened intently, his wisdom and intellect tested with each question posed by Betal.
Despite the temptation to answer Betal's questions, Vikram remained silent,
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determined to complete the challenge. However, after several stories, Betal narrated a
tale that struck a chord with the king's sense of justice. Unable to remain quiet, Vikram
answered Betal's question, hoping to teach the spirit a lesson.
As soon as the king spoke, Betal flew back to the banyan tree, laughing at the king's
failure. King Vikram, however, was undeterred. He went back to the tree, captured Betal
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once again, and continued the journey. This cycle repeated itself numerous times, with
Betal telling stories and asking questions, and Vikram eventually succumbing to the
temptation to answer.
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After many failed attempts, King Vikram finally managed to remain silent throughout
the journey and brought Betal to the sage. Betal, impressed by Vikram's intelligence and
perseverance, agreed to be set free and promised to stop tormenting the villagers. The
sage, grateful for the king's help, blessed him with even greater wisdom and strength.
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King Vikram returned to his kingdom, hailed as a hero, and continued to rule with
fairness and wisdom. The stories and questions posed by Betal became a part of the
kingdom's folklore, teaching valuable life lessons to generations to come.
34. What was King Vikram known for in the ancient kingdom of Vijaynagar?
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A. His cruelty and ignorance

B. His strength, intelligence, and courage
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C. His laziness and indecisiveness

D. His weakness and foolishness
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35. What was the challenge posed by Betal to King Vikram?

A. To answer all of Betal's questions correctly
B. To carry Betal back to the sage without speaking a single word
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C. To find the enchanted forest and rescue the villagers

D. To defeat Betal in a battle of wits
36. What strategy did Betal employ to make King Vikram speak during their journey?
A. Betal attacked the king physically
B. Betal threatened the king's family
C. Betal told intriguing stories and asked difficult questions
D. Betal tried to scare the king with spooky noises
37. What was the outcome after King Vikram successfully completed the challenge?
A. Betal continued to torment the villagers
B. Betal agreed to be set free and promised to stop tormenting the villagers
English Madhyam 9
C. The sage punished Betal for his misdeeds

D. King Vikram lost his kingdom
Comprehension:
Read the following passage and answer the questions given after it.
The Union Cabinet’s approval to set up a gravitational-wave detection facility in
Maharashtra, a ₹2,600 crore project, is one that will consist of a detector called the
Laser Interferometer Gravitational-wave Observatory (LIGO), to be built in the image of
the twin LIGO instruments already operational in the U.S. Their detection of
gravitational waves, in 2016, launched a new era of astronomy. A third detector is being
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built in India as part of the LIGO-India collaboration in order to improve the detectors’
collective ability to pinpoint sources of gravitational waves in the sky. The Cabinet’s
approval throws up two opportunities: first, India could become a global site of
gravitational physics research, aiding training and the handling of precision technologies
and sophisticated control systems, ultimately, cementing a reputation for successfully
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running an experimental Big Science project. The starting requirement here is the timely
release of funds for construction, followed by issuing the allocated resources without
delay.
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Second, LIGO-India can demonstrate an ability to reckon intelligently with Indian
society’s relationship with science, using the opportunities that Big Science affords.
India has had a contested relationship with such projects, including, recently, the
Challakere Science City and the stalled India-based Neutrino Observatory (INO). They
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need large land tracts, with inevitable implications for land-use change. Contests over
land rights, against the backdrop of the sustainable use of natural resources, carbon
sequestration targets, just transitions, and human rights, recall the interplay between
the history of science and settler colonialism — an example is Hawaii’s Thirty Meter
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Telescope, to be built on land the locals hold sacred. One contention there was that the
land had been rendered physically inaccessible, and that “science had become an agent
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of colonisation”, to quote science historian Leandra Swanner. A similar criticism has

trailed experimental Big Science undertakings, including the INO, in the economically
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developing world: that they are far removed from the concerns of the majority. Shakier
though this latter argument may be, such undertakings still have a responsibility to
define their public value, beyond benefits to national industry and research. This is the
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second opportunity LIGO-India has, amplified by the context of the present moment: to
build a facility that contributes to the communities from which it requires sustenance
and knowledge, engage in good faith on concerns about access to land and other
resources, and conduct public outreach on a par with the international LIGO Scientific
Collaboration. The starting requirement is to contemplate what all LIGO-India can do for
India
38. What are the two opportunities presented by the Union Cabinet's approval of the
LIGO-India project?
A. To set up a gravitational-wave detection facility and to improve the detectors'
collective ability to pinpoint sources of gravitational waves in the sky
English Madhyam 10
B. To become a global site of gravitational physics research and to demonstrate an

ability to reckon intelligently with Indian society's relationship with science
C. To increase India's reputation for running Big Science projects and to directly benefit
the majority of the Indian population
D. To expand India's presence in the field of astronomy and to compete with the U.S. in
the field of gravitational-wave detection
39. Why has there been criticism surrounding experimental Big Science projects in the
economically developing world?
A. They have no public value and are exclusively for the benefit of the scientific
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community
B. They tend to be far removed from the concerns of the majority and have a
responsibility to define their public value
C. They always require land that has religious or cultural significance, leading to
disputes
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D. They only focus on research and do not contribute to the communities from which
they require sustenance
40. Which of the following statements is CORRECT about the LIGO-India project based on
the passage? ad
(i) LIGO-India aims to build a third LIGO detector in the United States.
(ii) The India-based Neutrino Observatory (INO) has faced no controversy regarding land
rights and resource access.
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(iii) LIGO-India is expected to contribute to the communities from which it requires
sustenance and knowledge.
(iv) LIGO-India aims to improve the detectors' collective ability to pinpoint sources of
gravitational waves in the sky.
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A. (i), (ii)
B. (ii), (iii)
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C. (iii), (iv)
D. (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)
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41. What is the tone of the passage?

A. Critical
B. Pessimistic
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C. Optimistic
D. Sarcastic
Comprehension:
Read the following passage and answer the questions given after it.
On Tuesday, two multilateral institutions presented their regional economic outlook for
this year, scaling down their projection for India’s growth prospects in 2023-24. The
World Bank has pared its real GDP growth forecast for the country to 6.3% from 6.6% it
had estimated a few months earlier, and 7% projected in October 2022. The key
domestic factors it flagged for the downgrade are: rising borrowing costs would hurt
otherwise resilient consumption demand, government consumption will likely contract,
English Madhyam 11
while services sectors’ growth will slip to a three-year low of 6.7% from an estimated
9.5% in 2022-23. The Manila-based Asian Development Bank (ADB) noted that a
rebounding China’s and India’s domestic demand (which it believes will likely stay
healthy) would lift up Asia’s growth prospects. However, it slashed its 2023-24 GDP
growth forecast for India from 7.2% to 6.4%, citing tight monetary conditions and fading
optimism on business conditions that it reckoned would lead to lower growth in private
investments (that had only seen a fledgling post-COVID recovery till now). Apart from
these domestic issues, of course, both the institutions have cited the effects of the
existing challenging conditions in the global economy, which are freshly exacerbated by
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a spate of bank failures in the developed world and resurfacing concerns about oil prices
heading north despite slowing world demand as producers cut output in unison.
To be clear, the government, which presented the Union Budget around two months
after the last forecasts of these institutions, of 7%-plus growth, had not articulated such
high hopes for this year. The Economic Survey pegged 2023-24 growth at 6.5%, while
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the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) estimates it at 6.4%. However, India’s current growth
estimate for last year is 7%, while the World Bank and ADB expect it to be marginally
lower at 6.9% and 6.8%, respectively. A better picture on the base over which this year’s
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growth has to be calculated, will only emerge by the end of May when first estimates for
the last quarter of 2022-23 will be released. The world would also have spun a few more
times by then and 2023-24 forecasts shall be revised whichever way the winds blow. At
this time last April, the International Monetary Fund had just scaled down its India
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growth estimate for the year gone by, from 9% to 8.2%, while the World Bank, the ADB
and the RBI had projected it to be 8%, 7.5% and 7.2%, respectively. Policymakers can
safely tune out the noise generated by these numbers, but must pay heed to the stress
signs being flagged so as to pro-actively minimise any impending damage.
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42. What factors did the World Bank cite for downgrading India's real GDP growth
forecast?
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A. Rising borrowing costs, government consumption contraction, and services sector

growth decline
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B. Tight monetary conditions and fading business optimism

C. Increasing oil prices and global economic challenges
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D. Bank failures in the developed world and oil price concerns

43. What reason did the Asian Development Bank (ADB) provide for reducing India's 2023-
24 GDP growth forecast?
A. Resilient consumption demand and government consumption contraction
B. Tight monetary conditions and fading optimism on business conditions
C. Rising borrowing costs and services sector growth decline
D. Global economic challenges and resurging oil prices
44. What is the tone of the passage with regard to India's growth prospects in 2023-24?
A. Optimistic
English Madhyam 12
B. Pessimistic
C. Neutral
D. Ambivalent
45. Which of the following is a major concern mentioned in the passage regarding India's
growth prospects for 2023-24?
A. High inflation rate
B. Rising borrowing costs and tight monetary conditions
C. Unemployment crisis
D. Political instability
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ad
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h
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gl
En
English Madhyam 13
Answers
1. D 2. C 3. B 4. B 5. C 6. A 7. A 8. B 9. A 10. C 11. B 12. A
13. C 14. C 15 A 16. C 17. C 18. C 19. A 20. A 21. B 22. C 23. A 24. C
25. C 26. D 27. B 28. A 29. B 30. C 31. B 32.D 33. B 34. B 35. B 36. C
37. B 38. B 39. B 40. C 41. C 42. A 43. B 44. B 45. B
Explanation
1. D) No error
2. C) determination (noun) – resolve, tenacity, steadfastness, perseverance, willpower
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 Laziness (noun) – sloth, idleness, indolence, lethargy, torpor
 Indifference (noun) – apathy, disinterest, detachment, unconcern, nonchalance
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 Reluctance (noun) – hesitance, unwillingness, disinclination, aversion, resistance
3. QPSR ad
In an Idea Exchange with this paper last week, Union Minister of Power and New and
Renewable Energy, RK Singh, underlined the importance of coal-fired plants in meeting
developmental requirements. He clarified that India’s climate commitment to “phase
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down” coal use will not come in the way of expanding its coal power capacity. The share
of this fossil fuel in the energy mix will come down in percentage terms, but not in
absolute measure. About 50 per cent of the electricity generated in the country
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currently comes from coal-fired plants.

4. B) D, B, E, C
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Explanation: The correct arrangement of sentence parts is "Despite its many benefits,
people often seek out communities because it offers a sense of belonging and security,
gl
due to the fear of losing individuality or independence, some people may view it
negatively, to share common interests and values."
En
5. C) ‘On‘ ‘At‘ ‘Glance at’ ‘a quick look’

6. A. Inarticulate (adjective) – unclear, mumbled, incoherent, unintelligible, faltering
 Eloquent (adjective) – articulate, expressive, persuasive, fluent, cogent

 Articulate (adjective) – coherent, lucid, clear, communicative, well-spoken
English Madhyam 14
 Persuasive (adjective) – convincing, compelling, influential, forceful, potent
 Expressive (adjective) – evocative, demonstrative, meaningful, vivid, eloquent
7. A) malevolent (adjective) – malicious, evil, wicked, spiteful, hostile

 Benevolent (adjective) – kind, compassionate, generous, beneficent, good-
hearted
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 Magnanimous (adjective) – noble, big-hearted, unselfish, charitable, forgiving
 Amicable (adjective) – friendly, cordial, congenial, affable, agreeable


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Altruistic (adjective) – selfless, philanthropic, humanitarian, benevolent, public-
spirited
8. B) We were invited to Daniel and Mary’s wedding.
9. A) extirpate

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Extirpate (verb) – eradicate, eliminate, exterminate, destroy, annihilate
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 Exacerbate (verb) – aggravate, worsen, inflame, intensify, increase
 Promulgate (verb) – proclaim, announce, publish, declare, disseminate
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 Obfuscate (verb) – confuse, obscure, complicate, muddle, cloud

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10. C) take on (phrasal verb) – undertake, tackle, accept, assume, confront ( )

gl
 Take down (phrasal verb) – dismantle, disassemble, remove, lower, deflate

En
 Take over (phrasal verb) – assume control, acquire, seize, supplant, usurp
 Take back (phrasal verb) – retract, withdraw, recant, revoke, rescind
11. Nonpareil – Person or thing which has no equal

 Crematorium – A place where dead bodies are burns and reduce to ashes
English Madhyam 15
 Horticulture – Art of growing vegetables, fruit etc.

 Predicament – Difficult or dangerous situation
12. Vandal – One who damages public property ,
 Phonetics – Science of sound of speech
 Extravaganza – Public activity which takes place in a very elaborate, colourful
and expensive way
 Pyre – A heap of combustible material, especially one for burning a corpse as
am
part of a funeral ceremony
13. C) I told Mohan that he had a green book.
14. C. Condescention
 Incessant (adjective) – constant, continuous, unending, ceaseless, persistent
hy
 Irrefutable (adjective) – undeniable, indisputable, incontrovertible,

ad
unquestionable, incontestable
Condescension (noun) – patronizing, disdain, superiority, haughtiness, snobbery
M
 Exacerbate (adjective) – aggravating, worsening, intensifying, escalating,
heightening
15. PRQS
h
The Merriam-Webster dictionary’s word of the year, based in part on what people
is
searched for the most, some would argue, has been relevant for millennia. But
“Gaslighting” has gained currency in recent times — first as a way to describe the subtle
ways in which people in relationships, romantic and familial, mislead others for their
gl
own advantage. An unfaithful partner may, for example, insist that there is no change in
her behaviour, that the suspicions she is confronted with are the product of an irrational
En
jealousy. In 2022, though, acts of undermining and lying are at gargantuan proportions.
16. C) ‘the worse‘ ‘the worst ‘ superlative degree of adjective
article ‘The’ ! औ ‘worse’ comparative degree of adjective !
17. SRPQ
On Monday, crude oil prices fell to their lowest levels this year as protests across major
cities in China against the imposition of stringent Covid restrictions raised concerns over
the economic outlook. Brent crude oil is currently trading at around $81, down from the
$120-130 levels seen after the Russian invasion of Ukraine. The volatility in crude prices
English Madhyam 16
is unlikely to subside in the near term. The Organisation of Petroleum Exporting

Countries and its allies are meeting over the weekend to discuss their output level even
as the EU countries continue to debate capping the price of Russian oil and the US
allows Chevron to restart oil production in Venezuela.
18. RSQP
The United Nations has, at India’s initiative, declared 2023 as the International Year of
Millets. This, even as India’s own production of these “nutri cereals” — jowar, bajra and
ragi and minor millets such as kodo, kutki, kakun, sanwa, cheena and kuttu — has fallen
from 23-24 million to 19-20 million tonnes over the last 4-5 decades. The reason: Millets
am
aren’t the first choice either of consumers or producers. Kneading dough and rolling
rotis is much easier with wheat than with millet flour.
19. QSPR
The Right Stuff, a 1984 film based on a non-fiction work by Tom Wolfe, went a long way
hy
in cementing the reputation of astronauts as people who have to “push the envelope”.
“It takes a special kind of man to volunteer for a suicide mission,” says one of the
characters, “especially when it’s on national TV”. The early days of space flight were
ad
much more dangerous, and more exclusive, than today. In 2022, the European Space
Agency (ESA) has taken its own landmark step.
20. The ball is in your court (phrase) – To be responsible for making the next move or
M
decision.
21. B) Caustic (adjective) – biting, acidic, cutting, corrosive, scathing ,
 Acerbic (adjective) – sharp, sarcastic, sardonic, bitter, trenchant
h
 Enigmatic (adjective) – mysterious, puzzling, cryptic, baffling, inscrutable

is
22. PQRS
gl
Most of them spent two-three decades as part of the rat race, pursuing promotions and
pay raises, even as they raised their families and fulfilled other responsibilities. Now in
their sunset years, Chinese retirees are finding that they no longer have to put their
En
dreams and yearning for creativity and adventure on hold. Senior citizens like the
elegant foursome Glamma Beijing that offers style and makeup tips, or Sister Wang is
Coming, a trio that makes funny music videos featuring novelty rap about food, are the
new social media sensations in China, finding viral fame, following and influence
23. A) Serial.
24. C) Perseverance (noun) – persistence, determination, tenacity, resolve, steadfastness
25. C) She asked if we were meeting her partners the following week.
26. D) I warned Rita, “Don’t be late tomorrow”.
English Madhyam 17
27. Break a leg (phrase) – To wish someone good luck, especially in a theatrical
performance
28. A) I was told to wait here by her.
29. B) New nests are built by swallows every year.
30. Stem from (phrasal verb) –spring from, derive from, emanate from, come from
31. Dissent (noun) –difference of opinion, argument, dispute, demur ,
am
 Affront (noun) – Insult, injury, slur, outrage, disrespect ,
 Engagement (noun) – participation, taking part, involvement. -
 Stint (noun) – Term, Period, Stretch, Duration, Assignment
hy
32. Unanimously (adverb) – in unison, with one accord , with the agreement of all people
involved
 Judiciously (adverb) – Wisely, prudently, sensibly, sagaciously
ad
 Summarily (adverb) – immediately, briefly, promptly, speedily /
M
 Allegedly (adverb) – Supposedly, reportedly, purportedly, apparently, ostensibly
33. Uncertainty (noun) – Unpredictability, instability, ambiguity, doubt, indecision

h

is
Venality (noun) – Corruption, dishonesty, unscrupulousness, fraudulence, deceit

gl
 Clarity (noun) – Clearness, lucidity, coherence, comprehensibility

 Certainty (noun) – Assurance, conviction, confidence, surety, positiveness
En
34. B) His strength, intelligence, and courage

Explanation: The passage mentions that King Vikram was known for his strength,
intelligence, and courage. He was a wise and just king, loved and trusted by his people.
35. B) To carry Betal back to the sage without speaking a single word
Explanation: In the passage, Betal challenges King Vikram to carry him back to the sage
without uttering a single word. If the king speaks, Betal would fly back to the banyan
tree, and the quest would be considered a failure.
36. C) Betal told intriguing stories and asked difficult questions
English Madhyam 18
Explanation: Betal attempted to make King Vikram speak by telling captivating stories
filled with moral dilemmas and unexpected twists, followed by difficult questions that
tested the king's wisdom and intellect.
37. B) Betal agreed to be set free and promised to stop tormenting the villagers
Explanation: Upon successfully completing the challenge, Betal was impressed by King
Vikram's intelligence and perseverance. As a result, Betal agreed to be set free and
promised to stop tormenting the villagers.
38. B) To become a global site of gravitational physics research and to demonstrate an
ability to reckon intelligently with Indian society's relationship with science
am
Explanation: The passage mentions that the Cabinet's approval of the LIGO-India project
presents two opportunities. The first opportunity is for India to become a global site of
gravitational physics research, which involves training, handling precision technologies,
and running an experimental Big Science project. The second opportunity is for LIGO-
hy
India to demonstrate an ability to intelligently reckon with Indian society's relationship
with science, using the opportunities that Big Science affords.
39. B) They tend to be far removed from the concerns of the majority and have a
ad
responsibility to define their public value
Explanation: The passage mentions that experimental Big Science projects in the
economically developing world, such as the India-based Neutrino Observatory (INO),
M
have faced criticism for being far removed from the concerns of the majority. It is
argued that these projects have a responsibility to define their public value, beyond
benefits to national industry and research.
40. C) Statement (iii) & (IV) is correct based on the passage.
h
41. C. Optimistic
is
Explanation: The passage has an optimistic tone, as it highlights the opportunities that
the LIGO-India project presents for the country, including the potential to become a
global site for gravitational physics research and to demonstrate an ability to engage
gl
with society's relationship with science.

42. The correct answer is (a). The World Bank cited factors such as rising borrowing costs,
En
which would hurt consumption demand; government consumption contraction; and a

decline in the services sector's growth to a three-year low.
43. The correct answer is (b). ADB slashed India's GDP growth forecast due to tight
monetary conditions and fading optimism on business conditions, which they believed
would lead to lower growth in private investments.
44. B) Pessimistic
Explanation: The tone of the passage is pessimistic as it discusses the downgraded
growth projections for India's economy in 2023-24 by the World Bank and the Asian
Development Bank, along with various challenges faced by the country.
English Madhyam 19
45. B) Rising borrowing costs and tight monetary conditions

Explanation: The passage highlights the key domestic factors flagged by the World Bank
and the ADB for the downgrade in India's growth prospects, including rising borrowing
costs affecting consumption demand and tight monetary conditions leading to lower
growth in private investments.
am
hy
ad
M
h
is
gl
En
English Madhyam 20
Vocabulary: Passage 02
1. Road ahead (phrase) – path forward, 9. Collaboration (noun) – cooperation,
future course, upcoming journey, next partnership, alliance, teamwork, joint
steps, way forward effort
2. LIGO-India project (noun) – it refers to 10. In order to (phrase) – for the purpose
a collaborative effort to build a of, with the aim of, to achieve
gravitational-wave detection facility in
India, which will work in tandem with 11. Pinpoint (verb) – identify, determine,
am
the existing LIGO detectors in the locate, spot, find out
United States. The project aims to
advance the field of gravitational
physics research and contribute to
12. Throw up (phrasal verb) – produce,
India's scientific reputation.
hy
generate, yield, bring forth, create
3. Set up (phrasal verb) – establish,
create, launch, institute, inaugurate
ad 13. Aid (verb) – help, assist, support,
facilitate, promote
4. Gravitational-wave detection (noun) –
the process of observing and 14. Precision (noun) – accuracy, exactness,
M
measuring gravitational waves, which preciseness, perfection, correctness
are ripples in spacetime caused by the
acceleration of massive objects, such as
merging black holes or neutron stars. 15. Sophisticated (adjective) – advanced,
h
These detections enable researchers to highly developed, refined, complex,

study celestial events and provide intricate /
is
valuable insights into the fundamental

nature of the universe. 16. Ultimately (adverb) – eventually, in the
gl
end, finally, at last, in the long run

5. Facility (noun) – installation, complex,
center, infrastructure, amenity
En
17. Cement (verb) – strengthen, fortify,

6. Twin (adjective) – identical, matching, solidify, stabilize, consolidate
corresponding, parallel, duplicate
7. Era (noun) – period, epoch, age, time,

18. Follow (verb) – come after, succeed,
eon
ensue, take place, be subsequent to
8. Astronomy (noun) – astrophysics,
cosmology, celestial science, space
science, star study
English Madhyam 21
19. Allocate (verb) – assign, allot, 30. Carbon sequestration (noun) – the
apportion, distribute, earmark process of capturing and storing carbon
dioxide, either naturally or artificially,
to help mitigate the effects of climate
change. This can be achieved through
20. Demonstrate (verb) – show, indicate,
methods like afforestation,
display, exhibit, manifest
reforestation, and soil management, or
through technologies that capture
21. Reckon (verb) – consider, think,
carbon dioxide from the atmosphere or
believe, estimate, regard
am
from industrial processes and store it
underground.
22. Contested (adjective) – disputed,
challenged, opposed, debated, 31. Transition (noun) – Change, shift,
questioned transformation, conversion, adaptation
hy
23. Stalled (adjective) – delayed, hindered,
impeded, obstructed ठ 32. Recall (verb) – Remember, recollect,
ad bring to mind, reminisce, summon up
24. Tract (noun) – area, region, expanse,
territory, stretch
33. Interplay (noun) – Interaction,
25. Inevitable (adjective) – unavoidable,
M
interrelation, reciprocity, give and take,
certain, inescapable, sure, assured cooperation
34. Settler colonialism (noun) – A form of

h
26. Implication (noun) – Consequence, colonialism where settlers from

ramification, repercussion, another region move into an area,
is
displacing or exploiting the local

27. Contest (noun) – Competition, population
gl
challenge, dispute, conflict, struggle

35. Sacred (adjective) – Holy, spiritual,
divine, hallowed, consecrated
En
28. Against the backdrop (phrase) – In the

context of, with the background of, 36. Contention (noun) – disagreement,
considering, given the situation dispute, disputation, argument,
variance ,
29. Sustainable (adjective) – Lasting, eco- 37. Render (verb) – Make, cause to be,
friendly, enduring, viable, renewable present, produce, provide
English Madhyam 22
38. Inaccessible (adjective) – Unreachable, 46. Shaky (adjective) – Unstable, unsteady,

unattainable, unavailable, wobbly, insecure, uncertain
unapproachable
47. Amplify (verb) – Elaborate, expand,
39. Colonisation (noun) – Settlement, clarify, develop, augment, add details
occupation, establishment, annexation to
48. Sustenance (noun) – Support,

40. Quote (verb) – Cite, refer to, mention, maintenance, preservation, keeping
am
allude to, reproduce alive, livelihood ,
41. Criticism (noun) – Disapproval, 49. Good faith (noun) – Honesty, sincerity,
objection, denunciation, trustworthiness, integrity, truthfulness
condemnation, critique ,
hy
42. Trail (verb) – Follow, track, pursue, 50. Outreach (noun) – engagement,
chase, tail communication, interaction,
43. Undertaking (noun) – Task, project,

venture, endeavor, enterprise
ad connection, liaison
51. On a par with (phrase) – equal to, on

the same level as, comparable to, on
M
44. Economically (adverb) – Financially, par with, at par with
monetarily, fiscally, in terms of
economics 52. Contemplate (verb) – consider,
ponder, reflect on, think about, mull
h
45. Concern (noun) – Issue, matter, over

is
problem, worry, anxiety

gl
En
English Madhyam 23
Vocabulary: Passage 03
1. Prospect (noun) – Possibility, potential, 11. Nominal GDP (noun) – Nominal Gross
likelihood, opportunity, chance Domestic Product is the raw measure of
a country's economic output, without
2. Resurging (adjective) – Reviving, adjusting for inflation. It represents the
rebounding, recovering, renewing, total value of all goods and services
regaining produced by an economy during a
specific period, using current market
3. Tight money (noun) – money or finance prices.
am
that is available only at high rates of
12. Forecast (noun) – Prediction, projection,
interest.
estimation, expectation, outlook
4. Dent (verb) – Damage, harm, weaken,
undermine, impair
hy
13. Estimate (verb) – Calculate, gauge,
5. Multilateral (adjective) – Many-sided, evaluate, predict, approximate
multipartite, multiple-party,
collaborative, cooperative
6. Outlook (noun) – Perspective, viewpoint,

ad 14. Project (verb) – Predict, forecast,
estimate, anticipate, expect
forecast, prediction, prognosis
M
7. Scale down (phrasal verb) – Reduce,
decrease, diminish, cut back, lessen 15. Flag (verb) – Indicate, signal, point out,
identify, draw attention to
h
8. Projection (noun) – Prediction, estimate, 16. Downgrade (noun) – Demotion,

is
devaluation, decline, reduction, lowering

forecast, expectation, calculation
gl
9. Pare (verb) – Trim, reduce, cut, shave,

17. Borrowing cost (noun) – It includes
scale back
Interest rate, cost of debt, loan expense,
En
10. Real GDP (noun) – Real Gross Domestic credit cost, financial charge
Product is a macroeconomic measure of 18. Hurt (verb) – Harm, damage, injure,
a country's economic output, adjusted
impair, adversely affect
for inflation. It reflects the total value of
all goods and services produced by an 19. Resilient (adjective) – Strong, tough,
economy during a specific period, taking
hardy, durable, adaptable
into account the changes in the general
price level.
English Madhyam 24
20. Likely (adjective) – Probable, possible, 30. Optimism (noun) – Hopefulness,

expected, anticipated, foreseeable confidence, positive attitude, buoyancy,
assurance
21. Contract (verb) – Shrink, reduce, 31. Reckon (verb) – Estimate, calculate,
decrease, diminish, decline gauge, judge, consider
22. Slip (verb) – Fall, decline, decrease, drop, 32. Lead (to) (verb) – Result in, cause, bring
slide / about, contribute to, produce
am
23. Rebounding (adjective) – Recovering, 33. Fledgling (adjective) – Emerging,
bouncing back, rallying, improving, developing, nascent, burgeoning,
reviving growing
hy
24. Healthy (adjective) – Robust, strong, 34. Existing (adjective) – Present, current,
vigorous, thriving, flourishing prevailing, ongoing, extant
boost, uplift, enhance

ad
25. Lift up (phrasal verb) – Elevate, raise, 35. Exacerbate (verb) – Worsen, aggravate,
compound, intensify, amplify
26. Slash (verb) – Cut, reduce, decrease, 36. Spate (noun) – Series, succession, string,
M
lower, trim wave, flurry ,
27. Cite (verb) – Mention, refer to, point to, 37. Resurface (verb) – Reappear, emerge
h
indicate, allude to again, recur, return, come back

is
28. Tight monetary condition (noun) – Tight

monetary conditions refer to a situation 38. Concern (noun) – Issue, matter, problem,
in which a central bank implements
gl
worry, anxiety
policies aimed at restricting the
availability of money and credit in the
39. Head north (phrase) – Increase, rise, go
En
economy, often to control inflation.

up, grow, escalate
These policies may include raising
interest rates, increasing reserve
40. Cut (verb) – Reduce, decrease, lessen,
requirements for banks, or reducing the
lower, diminish
amount of money in circulation.
29. Fading (adjective) – Diminishing, 41. In unison (phrase) – doing the same
declining, waning, ebbing, weakening thing at the same time as somebody else
, -
English Madhyam 25
42. To be clear (phrase) – To clarify, to 49. Go by (phrasal verb) – Pass, elapse,

explain, to make plain, to elucidate, to proceed, move on, progress
expound
50. Policymaker (noun) – Decision-maker,
43. Articulate (verb) – Express, regulator, authority, official
communicate, convey, state, voice
51. Tune out (phrasal verb) – Ignore,
disregard, pay no attention to, block out
44. Peg (verb) – Fix, set, secure, establish,
am
determine
52. Pay heed to (phrase) – Pay attention to,
45. Marginally (adverb) – Slightly, take notice of, consider, take into
somewhat, to a small extent, to a limited account
hy
degree, to a certain degree
53. Stress (noun) – Pressure, strain, tension,
46. Spin (verb) – Rotate, revolve, whirl, twirl, anxiety
gyrate ad 54. So as to (phrase) – In order to, with the
47. Way the wind blows (phrase) – Trend, aim of, for the purpose of
direction, current situation, general
55. Pro-actively (adverb) – Anticipatorily, in
M
tendency, prevailing mood
advance, ahead of time, preemptively
48. Scale down (phrasal verb) – Reduce,
decrease, diminish, cut back, downsize
56. Impending (adjective) – Imminent,
h
approaching, looming, forthcoming,

is
upcoming
gl
En
English Madhyam 26
am
hy
ad
M
h
is
gl
En
English Madhyam 27

SSC CGL Mains Mock - 07

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April 18, 2023 ENGLISH MADHYAM

SSC CGL 2023

Note :- To test comprehension, three or more paragraphs will be given and

questions based on those will be asked. At least one paragraph should be a

be on current affairs, based on a report or an editorial.

CGL Mains Mock – 07

but not in absolute measure.

C. We are invited to Daniel and Mary’s wedding.

9. Select the most appropriate option to fill in the blank.

more equitable system.

Person or thing which has no equal

others for their own advantage.

the correct order to form a meaningful and coherent paragraph.

following and influence

A. New nests were built by swallows every year.

C. New nests were being built by swallows every year.

A. His cruelty and ignorance

C. His laziness and indecisiveness

35. What was the challenge posed by Betal to King Vikram?

C. To find the enchanted forest and rescue the villagers

C. The sage punished Betal for his misdeeds

of colonisation”, to quote science historian Leandra Swanner. A similar criticism has

B. To become a global site of gravitational physics research and to demonstrate an

41. What is the tone of the passage?

A. Rising borrowing costs, government consumption contraction, and services sector

B. Tight monetary conditions and fading business optimism

D. Bank failures in the developed world and oil price concerns

currently comes from coal-fired plants.

5. C) ‘On‘ ‘At‘ ‘Glance at’ ‘a quick look’

 Eloquent (adjective) – articulate, expressive, persuasive, fluent, cogent

 Persuasive (adjective) – convincing, compelling, influential, forceful, potent

 Expressive (adjective) – evocative, demonstrative, meaningful, vivid, eloquent

7. A) malevolent (adjective) – malicious, evil, wicked, spiteful, hostile

 Amicable (adjective) – friendly, cordial, congenial, affable, agreeable

 Obfuscate (verb) – confuse, obscure, complicate, muddle, cloud

10. C) take on (phrasal verb) – undertake, tackle, accept, assume, confront ( )

 Take down (phrasal verb) – dismantle, disassemble, remove, lower, deflate

 Take back (phrasal verb) – retract, withdraw, recant, revoke, rescind

11. Nonpareil – Person or thing which has no equal

 Horticulture – Art of growing vegetables, fruit etc.

is unlikely to subside in the near term. The Organisation of Petroleum Exporting

 Enigmatic (adjective) – mysterious, puzzling, cryptic, baffling, inscrutable

31. Dissent (noun) –difference of opinion, argument, dispute, demur ,

33. Uncertainty (noun) – Unpredictability, instability, ambiguity, doubt, indecision

Venality (noun) – Corruption, dishonesty, unscrupulousness, fraudulence, deceit

 Clarity (noun) – Clearness, lucidity, coherence, comprehensibility

34. B) His strength, intelligence, and courage

with society's relationship with science.

which would hurt consumption demand; government consumption contraction; and a

45. B) Rising borrowing costs and tight monetary conditions

These detections enable researchers to highly developed, refined, complex,

valuable insights into the fundamental

end, finally, at last, in the long run

17. Cement (verb) – strengthen, fortify,

7. Era (noun) – period, epoch, age, time,

34. Settler colonialism (noun) – A form of

26. Implication (noun) – Consequence, colonialism where settlers from

displacing or exploiting the local

challenge, dispute, conflict, struggle

28. Against the backdrop (phrase) – In the

38. Inaccessible (adjective) – Unreachable, 46. Shaky (adjective) – Unstable, unsteady,

48. Sustenance (noun) – Support,