SSC CGL Mains Mock - 06

April 16, 2023 ENGLISH MADHYAM
SSC CGL 2023

Syllabus
Module-I of Section-II of Paper-I (English Language And Comprehension):
13.10.3.1 Vocabulary, grammar, sentence structure, synonyms, antonyms and their correct
usage;
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 Spot the Error,
 Fill in the Blanks,
 Synonyms/ Homonyms,
 Antonyms,
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 Spellings/ Detecting mis-spelt words,
 Idioms & Phrases,
 One word substitution,


Improvement of Sentences, ad
Active/ Passive Voice of Verbs,
 Conversion into Direct/ Indirect narration,
 Shuffling of Sentence parts,
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 Shuffling of Sentences in a passage,
 Cloze Passage,
 Comprehension Passage.
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Note :- To test comprehension, three or more paragraphs will be given and

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questions based on those will be asked. At least one paragraph should be a

simple one based on a book or a story and the other two paragraphs should
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be on current affairs, based on a report or an editorial.

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English Madhyam 1
CGL Mains Mock – 06

1. Select the most appropriate ANTONYM of the underlined word.
The mother patiently waited for her child to finish speaking before offering her opinion.
A. Impetuously
B. Cordially
C. Diligently
D. Punctually
2. Select the option that can be used as a one-word substitute for the given group of
words.
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The ability to understand and share the feelings of another
A. Anecdote
B. Parlay
C. Empathy
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D. Glib
3. Sentences of a paragraph are given below in jumbled order. Arrange the sentences in
the correct order to form a meaningful and coherent paragraph.
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P. Dzhaparova will hold talks with Sanjay Verma, Secretary (West) in the Ministry of
External Affairs (MEA).
Q. The first official visit from the East European country since the Russian invasion
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began last year.
R. It is expected that the Ukrainian Deputy Foreign Minister may extend an invitation
for Prime Minister Narendra Modi to visit Ukraine.
S. UKRAINE’S First Deputy Foreign Minister Emine Dzhaparova will pay a four-day visit
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to India from Sunday,

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A. SRQP
B. SQPR
C. SPQR
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D. PQRS
4. Select the most appropriate option to fill in the blank.
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The artist's use of color is _______.

A. ephemeral
B. austere
C. abstruse
D. effusive
5. Select the most appropriate meaning of the highlighted idiom.
Take it with a grain of salt
A. To season your food sparingly
B. To swim in salty water
English Madhyam 2
C. To accept information or advice with skepticism

D. To drink tequila shots
6. Select the correct homonym from the given options to fill in the blank.
He could not ______ the weight of the heavy boxes.
A. bare
B. bear
C. bier
D. bair
7. For the four-sentence (S1 to S4) paragraph below, sentences S1 and S4 are given. From
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the options P, Q, R and S select the appropriate sentences for S2 and S3, respectively.
S1: The rapid development of technology has made communication easier than ever
before.
S4: This has led to a significant shift in the way people interact with each other.
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P. Consequently, the use of smartphones and social media has become ubiquitous in
everyday life.
Q. The invention of the printing press in the 15th century revolutionized
communication.
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R. People are now able to maintain relationships with others from any part of the world.
S. However, some argue that the constant use of technology has negative effects on
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mental health.
A. P and Q
B. P and R
C. Q and S
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D. R and S
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8. The following sentence has been divided into parts. One of them may contain an
error. Select the part that contains the error from the given options. If you don’t find
any error, mark ‘No error’ as your answer
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The investors were / put off by the dirty / visage of the workshop
A. visage of the workshop
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B. No error
C. put off by the dirty
D. The investors were
She took umbrage at his _______ remarks.
A. innocuous
B. laudatory
C. puerile
D. derogatory
English Madhyam 3
10. The following sentence has been split into four segments. Identify the segment that
contains a grammatical error
“Mrs. Pooja is / very busy at / the moment.” / “All right. I had been waiting.”
A. the moment.”
B. “Mrs. Pooja is
C. “All right. I had been waiting.”
D. very busy at
11. Select the INCORRECTLY spelt word.
A. Accommodate
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B. Insistance
C. Surveillance
D. Embarrassment
12. Select the option that expresses the given sentence in reported speech.
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He said that he would be taking a leave of absence for two weeks as there had been a
death in his family.
A. He said "I am going to take a leave for two weeks as there had been a death in my
family".
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B. He said, "I would be taking a leave of absence for 2 weeks as there been a death in
my family
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C. He said "I will be taking a leave of absence for two week as there is a death in my
family".
D. He said, "I will be taking a leave of absence for two weeks as there has been a death
in my family".
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13. Select the option that expresses the given sentence in active/passive voice.
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The president loved that lady

A. That lady is love by the president.
B. That lady was loved by the president.
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C. That lady is loved by the president.

D. That lady was being loved by the president
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14. Select the option that expresses the given sentence in passive/active voice.
The gardener has watered the bushes.
A. The bushes have been watered by the gardener.
B. The bushes are being watered by the gardener.
C. The bushes were being watered by the gardener.
D. The bushes has been watered by the gardener
15. Select the most appropriate option that can substitute the underlined segment in the
given sentence. If there is no need to substitute it, select ‘No substitution required’.
I enjoy to be laugh at my little brother.
English Madhyam 4
A. enjoy laughed at
B. enjoy laughing at
C. have enjoy laughing at
D. No substitution required
the correct order to form a meaningful and coherent paragraph
P. The scooter model has been launched under the name ‘Hope’.
Q. Booking has been started for Delhi NCR. Considering the demand in Delhi, this
scooter will be available for other cities in India by the month of June.
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R. It is noteworthy that Aditya Tiwari, founder and CEO of Incubated start-up Galleos
Mobility Industrial Society, has built India’s cheapest internet connected scooter at
Indian Institute of Technology, IIT Delhi.
S. Engineer Aditya Tiwari has launched India’s cheapest electric scooter which
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consumes fuel at a cost of just 20 paise per kilometre.
A. SRPQ
B. RSQP
C. RSPQ
D. SRQP
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17. Select the most appropriate ANTONYM of the underlined word.
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The teacher's explanation was succinct and easy to understand.
A. Elaborate
B. Coherent
C. Concise
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D. Lucid
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18. Select the most appropriate option to fill in the blank

His speech was filled with _______.
A. Platitudes
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B. Cadences
C. Metamorphosis
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D. Heresy
P. Indian traditions, customs and religious culture were adversary affected along with
agriculture due to foreign invaders and rulers and our advanced agriculture lagged
behind as compared to other countries.
Q. After achieving freedom, with the support of our farmers and the manpower related
with agriculture, our country has become independent in terms of food grains,
cotton, sugar, milk, meat and poultry products.
English Madhyam 5
R. Indian civilisation is one of oldest civilisations in the world and similarly Indian
agriculture is also of the same age. Ancient Indian farmers were quite rich because
agriculture was the most advanced and prestigious occupation of that time.
S. Fifty per cent of the population is still dependent on agriculture and occupations
related to agriculture.
A. RSPQ
B. RSQP
C. SRPQ
D. SRQP
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20. Select the option that expresses the given sentence in reported speech.
The teacher asked me if I had seen the match.
A. "Did you see the match?" the teacher said to me.
B. "Did you had saw the match?" the teacher said to me.
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C. "Did you saw the match?" the teacher said to me.
D. "Did you seen the match?" the teacher said to me.
21. Select the option that can be used as a one-word substitute for the given group of
words
Evening prayer in the church
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A. Lear
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B. Vespers
C. Herbivorous
D. Maxim
22. Identify the INCORRECTLY spelt word in the given sentence.
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Her mischievous behaviour was the main reason for the principal's decision to expell her
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from the school

A. Mischievous
B. Behaviour
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C. Principal
D. Expell
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23. Replace the underlined word with its synonym to make the sentence more meaningful.
Her enthusiasm was infectious, and it quickly spread among the audience
A. contagious
B. dissipated
C. isolated
D. suppressed
24. Select the appropriate idiom that can replace the underlined phrase in the following
sentence
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Our company should be cautious not to attempt too many ambitious projects at once,
as it may lead to failure
A. Rome wasn't built in a day
B. Bite off more than you can chew
C. The grass is always greener on the other side
D. Let sleeping dogs lie
25. Given below are four jumbled sentences. Select the option that gives their correct
logical sequence.
P. IS it possible for electric vehicles to improve air quality and climate outlook? Recent
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research has thrown light on the efficacy of electric vehicles.
Q. Making a switch to electric vehicles would improve overall air quality and lower
carbon emissions.
R. The study published in the journal Atmospheric Environment provided evidence that
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S. The study quantified the differences in air pollution generated from battery-
powered electric vehicles versus internal combustion engines.
A. PQRS
B. PRQS
C. RQPS
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D. QPSR
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The _______ document was difficult to decipher.
A. arcane
B. candid
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C. terse
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D. cogent
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P. At a time, Maqbool would lose almost 70% of his monthly earnings to these games
online and would be forced to borrow money from friends. Months after Maqbool
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has stopped playing games online, he still finds it difficult to fight the temptation.
Q. With the rate at which online gaming is gaining momentum in India, many are
getting worried about the risk of increased problem gambling.
R. Last year, a 31-year-old construction project coordinator, Faisal Maqbool, lost
around INR 400,000 ($5,000) within five months of playing a card game online. But it
wasn’t just any type of card game, it was a multiplayer game that deals cards and
the players have to bet.
S. Mr Maqbool recalls how he got started by betting with INR 500 and INR 1,000. Then,
the urge to win more money spurs you to keep betting more money until you get
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completely sucked in. “You keep playing because you want to win back the money
you lost. But you keep losing,” he says.
A. PQRS
B. RSQP
C. QRSP
D. QRPS
28. Select the option that expresses the given sentence in active/passive voice
He built a website from scratch
A. A website has been built from scratch by him.
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B. A website was built from scratch by him.
C. A website was building from scratch by him.
D. A website is built from scratch by him
29. Select the option that expresses the given sentence in direct speech.
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She said, since it was evening, she had to go for a run.
A. She said, “It is evening I must ran.”
B. She said, “It is evening I might go for a run.”
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C. She said, “It is evening I should go for a run.”
D. She said, “It is evening I must go for a run.”
Comprehension:
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In the following passage, some words have been deleted. Read the passage carefully
and select the most appropriate option to fill in each blank
Everyday decisions can often feel (1)_____________ because our brains are wired to
(2)____________ potential threats and negative outcomes. We tend to (3)___________
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more on the potential downsides of a decision than the possible benefits. To combat
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this, one can (4)_____________ techniques to reduce decision-making stress.

30. Select the most appropriate option to fill in blank number 1.
A. exhilarating
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B. overwhelming
C. invigorating
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D. relaxing
A. ignore
B. create
C. mitigate
D. focus on
A. concentrate
B. disregard
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C. reflect
D. procrastinate
A. employ
B. ignore
C. criticize
D. exaggerate
Comprehension:
Read the following passage and answer the questions given after it.
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In the heart of the verdant African savannah, the sun cast its golden rays across the
landscape, where a young elephant named Jumbo embarked on a new adventure.
Jumbo's family had lived in the region for generations, but they were now in peril due to
the encroaching human settlements that threatened their habitat.
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Jumbo, the bravest and most curious elephant of his herd, was determined to protect
his family and their home. As he journeyed through the vast grasslands, he found
himself amongst a group of majestic giraffes. They told him of a wise and ancient tree,
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known as the Tree of Knowledge, that held the secrets of the forest.
With a renewed sense of purpose, Jumbo ventured into the dense jungle, driven by his
quest to seek the Tree of Knowledge. Along the way, he met a mischievous monkey
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named Kiki, who agreed to help him find the tree. Together, they navigated the
labyrinth of thick foliage, facing numerous challenges that tested their courage and
friendship.
In the depths of the jungle, Jumbo and Kiki stumbled upon a mysterious cave. A sudden
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thunderstorm forced them to seek shelter inside. As the storm raged outside, they
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discovered a magnificent trove of ancient relics, including a magical stone that glowed
with an ethereal light. The stone was adorned with the carvings of elephants, and as
Jumbo touched it, he felt a surge of wisdom and understanding fill his being.
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As the storm subsided, they continued their journey and soon arrived at the foot of the
Tree of Knowledge. Jumbo placed the magical stone at the base of the tree, and the air
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around them shimmered with a radiant energy. The ancient tree spoke to Jumbo,
revealing the truth about the harmony between humans and animals, and the
importance of preserving the balance of nature.
Armed with this newfound knowledge, Jumbo and Kiki returned to the savannah to
share their discoveries with the herd. Jumbo, now a wise and respected leader,
proposed a plan to create a sanctuary for all the animals of the savannah, where they
could coexist in peace with the nearby human settlements.
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As word of Jumbo's wisdom spread, he became a symbol of hope and unity for both
animals and humans alike. The sanctuary flourished, and the humans learned to respect
and appreciate the beauty and diversity of the animal kingdom.
Jumbo's journey had transformed him from a humble elephant to an ambassador for
the harmonious coexistence of all living creatures. His courage, wisdom, and
determination proved that even the smallest of actions could lead to extraordinary
change, ensuring the survival of not only his family but also the entire ecosystem that
they called home.
34. Why was Jumbo's family in peril?
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A. They had lost their way in the savannah.
B. They were being hunted by predators.
C. The human settlements were encroaching on their habitat.
D. They were running out of food and water.
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35. Who did Jumbo meet on his journey to find the Tree of Knowledge?
A. A group of wise owls.
B. A mischievous monkey named Kiki.
C. A helpful lion named Leo.
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D. A knowledgeable eagle named Eddy.
36. What did Jumbo and Kiki discover inside the mysterious cave?
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A. A hidden treasure map.
B. A magical stone with elephant carvings.
C. A rare species of plant.
D. An ancient scroll with secret knowledge.
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37. What was the outcome of Jumbo's journey to the Tree of Knowledge?
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A. Jumbo became a powerful ruler of the savannah.

B. Jumbo and Kiki went on to have many more adventures together.
C. Jumbo created a sanctuary for the animals to coexist with human settlements.
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D. Jumbo and Kiki became famous for their daring exploits.

Comprehension:
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Read the given passage and answer the questions that follow.
India is faced with a milk shortage. The Centre has reportedly been considering import
of butter and ghee. The Union Animal Husbandry Secretary Rajesh Kumar Singh recently
said that cooperatives reported a milk production increase of 1-2 per cent in 2022-23,
while the data from other players in the organised and unorganised sector point to
stagnant output. At least three factors have played a role in the drying up of milk output
vis-a-vis the annual growth trend of 5-6 per cent.
First, demand destruction during Covid led to a crash in prices and with it the inability of
dairy farmers to invest in the upkeep of their cattle. Second, lumpy skin disease has, by
English Madhyam 10
all accounts, wreaked havoc. The official death count of 1.9 lakh cattle could be an
underestimate. Although the Centre claims that at least a third of the livestock has been
vaccinated since last August and that the worst is over, the effects of the disease will
perhaps linger for a while as dairy farmers need to recoup income and capital losses.
Third, fodder inflation at 30 per cent has been a critical factor. According to ICAR
scientists, fodder and feed account for 70 per cent of the cost of milk. The first two
factors could be transient. Income and capital depletion can eventually be overcome
with milk prices ruling high. But fodder inflation is an endemic issue, as supply has not
kept pace with the demand. It has for decades been grown on just 4 per cent of
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farmland.
Fodder development does not find much of a place in animal husbandry budgets. For a
sector that supports more than 80 million farmers, and one that can provide a livelihood
to many more small and marginal farmers (120 million of them, with plots too small for
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viable farming), it is worth investing in policies to address embedded supply constraints.
Dairy products demand is growing rapidly with rising population, incomes, urbanisation
and changing diets.
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As the 2022-23 Annual Report of the Ministry of Animal Husbandry and Dairying has
pointed out, the private dairy sector has responded, having “surpassed the combined
capacity of the dairy cooperatives and government dairies in the past 20 years”.
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Notably, 228 dairy cooperatives reach out to 17 million farmers, many of whom are
likely to be assured of their milk being procured at the right time and at a fair price. This
time, private players have wrested some market share from cooperatives by offering
higher prices in a buoyant market. But for sustainable dairy development, it is important
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that producers, most of whom are poor, are spared price volatility — they deserve price
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assurance of some sort. Private players should be nudged to invest in supply chains in
this capital intensive business. Cooperatives revolutionised dairying, but due to a variety
of factors their success has not gone beyond Gujarat and Karnataka. Today, there is
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room for all players to grow, given the demand scenario

38. What are the three factors that have contributed to the decline in milk output in
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India?
A. Increase in urbanization, decrease in demand for dairy products, and increase in milk
prices
B. Demand destruction during Covid, lumpy skin disease, and fodder inflation
C. Increase in the number of dairy cooperatives, decrease in the number of small and
marginal farmers, and increase in the number of private dairy players
D. Decrease in the number of dairy cooperatives, increase in the number of small and
marginal farmers, and decrease in the number of private dairy players
English Madhyam 11
39. Why is it important for India to invest in policies that address fodder supply
constraints?
A. Because it is a temporary issue that can be easily resolved
B. Because it is an endemic issue, with supply not keeping pace with demand, and it
affects a large number of farmers
C. Because it will help the private dairy sector surpass the capacity of dairy
cooperatives and government dairies
D. Because it will help the dairy cooperatives increase their market share over private
players
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40. What is the tone of the passage concerning India's dairy sector issues?
A. Optimistic
B. Pessimistic
C. Neutral
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D. Urgent
41. What is the main theme of the passage?
A. The success of dairy cooperatives in India
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B. The role of private players in the Indian dairy sector
C. The necessity for a structural shift in India's dairy sector
D. The impact of urbanization on dairy product demand
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Comprehension:
Read the given passage and answer the questions that follow
India must balance wildlife conservation efforts with the rights of forest dwellers
India’s tiger population in 2022 was at least 3,167 cats, according to the results of the
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quadrennial census of the tiger population. The previous such exercise, in 2018,
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estimated the number to be 2,967. There is a fair chance that the 2022 numbers may be
revised upwards as a full analysis of the census numbers remains to be done. Being the
50th year of Project Tiger, it is notable that governments, since 1973, have consistently
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devoted attention to ensuring that tigers — generally vulnerable to environmental

degradation and extinct in several countries — continue to populate India’s forests.
En
Being able to ensure an increase in tiger numbers without relying on fenced reserves
and by engaging the participation of forest-dwelling communities in conservation are
distinct traits of India’s big cat conservation approach. However, this does not mean
that tiger numbers are ordained to grow in perpetuity. The ‘Status of Tiger’ report warns
that all of India’s five main tiger zones, while largely stable, face challenges of
deforestation and loss of tiger habitat. The Western Ghats, while one of the most
biodiverse spots globally, also hosts some of India’s most populous tiger reserves. In
2018, 871 unique tigers were photographed, but this time, only 824 were captured.
Over the years, there is an increasing presence of tigers outside protected reserves. In
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the case of the Western Ghats, however, these numbers are on the decline, with only
populations within protected forests stable, the report says.
From nine tiger reserves in 1973 to 53 today, the increase in numbers has not translated
to all of these reserves becoming suitable habitats for tigers. Serious conservation
efforts are needed to help, for instance, tiger population recovery in Jharkhand, Odisha,
Chhattisgarh, Telangana, and Andhra Pradesh. Wildlife habitats here face various
threats that include habitat encroachment, hunting, conflicts with humans, unregulated
cattle grazing, excessive harvesting of non-timber forest products, fires, mining, and
expanding infrastructure. Experts have said India’s reserves, in their present state, ought
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to be able to sustain populations of up to 4,000, and with expanded efforts at improving
fledgling reserves, these numbers can increase. But, care has to be taken to maintain
the delicate balance between making the ground fertile for conservation and keeping
the rights of forest-dwelling communities intact. Showcasing conservation efforts ought
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not to come at the expense of ensuring the right to livelihood and dignified living of
communities, who often live the closest to these majestic wild creatures. The cheetah,
the leopard, the lion and the tiger can co-exist in India only with the right incentives in
place for all stakeholders.
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42. What is the main challenge faced by India's five main tiger zones, as mentioned in the
'Status of Tiger' report?
A. Human-tiger conflict
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B. Overpopulation of tigers
C. Deforestation and loss of tiger habitat
D. Inadequate funding for conservation
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43. What factors contribute to the various threats faced by wildlife habitats in Jharkhand,
Odisha, Chhattisgarh, Telangana, and Andhra Pradesh?
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(i) Habitat encroachment and hunting

(ii) Conflicts with humans and unregulated cattle grazing
gl
(iii) Excessive harvesting of non-timber forest products and fires

(iv) Mining and expanding infrastructure
A. (i), (ii), (iii)
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B. (ii), (iii), (iv)

C. (iii), (iv), (i)
D. (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)
44. Which of the following statements is true about India's approach to big cat
conservation?
A. India relies on fenced reserves for big cat conservation
B. India's tiger population has declined since the launch of Project Tiger
C. Forest-dwelling communities are not involved in conservation efforts
D. India has successfully increased its tiger population without relying on fenced
reserves
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45. What is the tone of the editorial on India's latest quadrennial census of the wild tiger
population?
A. Critical
B. Optimistic
C. Neutral
D. Pessimistic
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ad
M
h
is
gl
En
English Madhyam 14
Answers
1. A 2. C 3. B 4. B 5. C 6. B 7. B 8. B 9. D 10. C 11. B 12. D
13. B 14. A 15 B 16. D 17. A 18. A 19. A 20. A 21. B 22. D 23. A 24. B
25. B 26. A 27. C 28. B 29. D 30. B 31. D 32.A 33. A 34. C 35. B 36. B
37. C 38. B 39. B 40. D 41. C 42. C 43. D 44.D 45. B
Explanation
1. a) Impetuously
A. Impetuously (adverb) – Impulsively, rashly, hastily, unthinkingly, recklessly
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B. Cordially (adverb) – Warmly, sincerely, genially, graciously, affably
C. Diligently (adverb) – Carefully, attentively, conscientiously, meticulously,
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assiduously
D. Punctually (adverb) – Promptly, on time, timely, exactly, punctiliously म र
2. C) Empathy – The ability to understand and share the feelings of another म
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 Anecdote – A short but amusing story
 Parlay – Stake winnings from one bet on a subsequent wager
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 Glib – Fluent and easy, often in an insincere or deceptive way
3. B) SQPR
UKRAINE’S First Deputy Foreign Minister Emine Dzhaparova will pay a four-day visit to
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India from Sunday, the first official visit from the East European country since the
Russian invasion began last year. Dzhaparova will hold talks with Sanjay Verma,
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Secretary (West) in the Ministry of External Affairs (MEA). It is expected that the
Ukrainian Deputy Foreign Minister may extend an invitation for Prime Minister
gl
Narendra Modi to visit Ukraine.

4. B) austere
En
A. Ephemeral (adjective) – Fleeting, transient, temporary, short-lived, evanescent
B. Austere (adjective) – Plain, stark, somber, unadorned र

C. Abstruse (adjective) – Obscure, arcane, enigmatic, recondite, esoteric
D. Effusive (adjective) – Gushing, demonstrative, unreserved, enthusiastic, exuberant
5. Take it with a grain of salt (phrase) – To accept information or advice with skepticism
6. B) bear
English Madhyam 15
A. bare – it means uncovered, naked, or without any clothing or covering

B. bear – It means to carry or support, to endure or withstand
C. bier – a movable frame or stand on which a coffin, a corpse, or both are placed
before burial or during a funeral ceremony
D. bair – No meaning Exists.
7. B. P and R
Option B is the correct answer because it maintains the logical flow and coherence of
the paragraph. Sentence P discusses the widespread use of smartphones and social
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media in everyday life, which is a result of the rapid development of technology
mentioned in S1. Sentence R highlights the ability of people to maintain relationships
across the globe, which is a direct consequence of improved communication. This leads
smoothly to S4, which discusses the shift in the way people interact due to these
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advancements. Options Q and S are not suitable because they either discuss an
unrelated topic (the invention of the printing press) or introduce a negative aspect
(mental health) that is not relevant to the main focus of the paragraph.
8. B) No error

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Put off (phrasal verb) – cause someone to lose interest or enthusiasm. ,
र र
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 Visage (noun) – the manifestation, image, or aspect of something
9. D) derogatory
र
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A. Innocuous (adjective) – Harmless, inoffensive, benign, safe, mild

B. Laudatory (adjective) – Praiseworthy, commendatory, admiring, complimentary,
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approbatory र
C. Puerile (adjective) – Childish, immature, infantile, juvenile, silly
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D. Derogatory (adjective) – Disparaging, belittling, pejorative, deprecatory, demeaning

र
En
10. C) “I had been waiting’ ‘I am waiting‘ र म

presently, at present, at the moment, now still verb ‘present
continuous form’ म !
 Still the bulk of Indian women lives below poverty line. (X)
 Still the bulk of Indian women is living below poverty line. (✔)
 Don’t disturb him, he has been studying at the moment. (X)
 Don’t disturb him, he is studying at the moment. (✔)
English Madhyam 16
11. B. Insistance (Correct spelling: Insistence)

12. D) He said, "I will be taking a leave of absence for two weeks as there has been a death
in my family".
13. B. That lady was loved by the president.
14. A. The bushes have been watered by the gardener.
15. B) ‘enjoy to be laugh at’ 'enjoy laughing at '
verbs/expressions verb verb V4 (gerund) म !
Admit, Avoid, Delay, Deny, Detest, Enjoy, Excuse, Finish, Forgive, Mind, Prevent, Resent,
am
Can’t stand, Can’t help, it is no use/good, worth.
 I always enjoy to talk to strangers. (talking)
16. D) SRQP
Engineer Aditya Tiwari has launched India’s cheapest electric scooter which consumes
hy
fuel at a cost of just 20 paise per kilometre. It is noteworthy that Aditya Tiwari, founder
and CEO of Incubated start-up Galleos Mobility Industrial Society, has built India’s
cheapest internet connected scooter at Indian Institute of Technology, IIT Delhi. Booking
ad
has been started for Delhi NCR. Considering the demand in Delhi, this scooter will be
available for other cities in India by the month of June. The scooter model has been
launched under the name ‘Hope’.
17. a) Elaborate
M
A. Elaborate (adjective) – Complex, intricate, detailed, ornate, involved
B. Coherent (adjective) – Logical, clear, lucid, intelligible, articulate
h
C. Concise (adjective) – Succinct, brief, terse, to the point, compact

is
D. Lucid (adjective) – Clear, transparent, understandable, unambiguous, intelligible

gl
18. a. platitudes
A. Platitudes (noun) – Clichés, truisms, banalities, bromides, commonplaces
En
B. Cadence (noun) – Rhythm; the rise and fall of sounds , र

C. Metamorphosis (noun) – A magical change in form; a striking or sudden change
D. Heresy (noun) – Any belief that is strongly opposed to established belief. म ,

म र
19. A) RSPQ
Indian civilisation is one of oldest civilisations in the world and similarly Indian
agriculture is also of the same age. Ancient Indian farmers were quite rich because
English Madhyam 17
agriculture was the most advanced and prestigious occupation of that time. Fifty per
cent of the population is still dependent on agriculture and occupations related to
agriculture. Indian traditions, customs and religious culture were adversary affected
along with agriculture due to foreign invaders and rulers and our advanced agriculture
lagged behind as compared to other countries. After achieving freedom, with the
support of our farmers and the manpower related with agriculture, our country has
become independent in terms of food grains, cotton, sugar, milk, meat and poultry
products.
20. A) "Did you see the match?" the teacher said to me.
am
21. B) Vespers – Evening prayer in the church
 Lear – A sly look that is lustful
 Herbivorous – One who vegetarian
hy
 Maxim – A short statement of a general truth
22. D. Expell (The correct spelling is "expel")
23. A) In this sentence, the underlined word "infectious" describes how the enthusiasm
ad
spreads among the audience. The most appropriate synonym is "contagious," which also
indicates something that spreads easily from one person to another. The other options,
"dissipated," "isolated," and "suppressed," do not convey the same meaning and do not
make the sentence more meaningful.
M
24. B) The phrase "attempt too many ambitious projects at once" can be replaced by the
idiom "bite off more than you can chew," as it describes the situation of taking on more
tasks or responsibilities than one can handle, leading to potential failure.
h
 Rome wasn't built in a day (phrase) – significant accomplishments or projects

take time and cannot be completed overnight
is
 Bite off more than you can chew (phrase) – This phrase warns against taking on
tasks or responsibilities that are too difficult or overwhelming for one's
gl
capabilities
 The grass is always greener on the other side (phrase) – he human tendency to
En
believe that others have it better or that their own situation would improve if
they were in someone else's position
 Let sleeping dogs lie (phrase) – It suggests that reopening old wounds may cause
more harm than good, and it's sometimes better to leave things as they are.
25. B) PRQS
IS it possible for electric vehicles to improve air quality and climate outlook? Recent
research has thrown light on the efficacy of electric vehicles. The study published in the
journal Atmospheric Environment provided evidence that making a switch to electric
vehicles would improve overall air quality and lower carbon emissions. The study
English Madhyam 18
quantified the differences in air pollution generated from battery-powered electric

vehicles versus internal combustion engines.
26. a. arcane
A. Arcane (adjective) – Mysterious, secret, hidden, enigmatic, occult र म
B. Candid (adjective) – Frank, open, honest, sincere, forthright
C. Terse (adjective) – Brief, concise, succinct, laconic, compact
D. Cogent (adjective) – Convincing, persuasive, compelling, forceful, strong
म
am
27. C) QRSP
With the rate at which online gaming is gaining momentum in India, many are getting
worried about the risk of increased problem gambling.
hy
Last year, a 31-year-old construction project coordinator, Faisal Maqbool, lost around
INR 400,000 ($5,000) within five months of playing a card game online. But it wasn’t just
any type of card game, it was a multiplayer game that deals cards and the players have
to bet. ad
Mr Maqbool recalls how he got started by betting with INR 500 and INR 1,000. Then,
the urge to win more money spurs you to keep betting more money until you get
completely sucked in. “You keep playing because you want to win back the money you
M
lost. But you keep losing,” he says.
At a time, Maqbool would lose almost 70% of his monthly earnings to these games
online and would be forced to borrow money from friends. Months after Maqbool has
h
stopped playing games online, he still finds it difficult to fight the temptation.
28. B) A website was built from scratch by him.
is
29. D) She said, “It is evening I must go for a run.”

30. B) In this context, the passage talks about the stress caused by everyday decisions, so
gl
the correct answer is "overwhelming" (option b).

31. D) The passage implies that our brains pay attention to potential threats and negative
En
outcomes, so the correct answer is "focus on" (option d).

32. A) The passage states that we pay more attention to potential downsides, so the correct
answer is "concentrate" (option a).
33. A) In this context, the passage suggests using techniques to address the stress caused by
decision-making, so the correct answer is "employ" (option a).
34. c) The human settlements were encroaching on their habitat.
Explanation: In the passage, it is mentioned that Jumbo's family was in peril due to the
encroaching human settlements that threatened their habitat.
35. b) A mischievous monkey named Kiki.
English Madhyam 19
Explanation: During his quest to find the Tree of Knowledge, Jumbo met a mischievous
monkey named Kiki who agreed to help him locate the tree.
36. b) A magical stone with elephant carvings.
Explanation: Jumbo and Kiki discovered a magnificent trove of ancient relics inside the
mysterious cave, including a magical stone adorned with elephant carvings that glowed
with an ethereal light.
37. c) Jumbo created a sanctuary for the animals to coexist with human settlements.
Explanation: After gaining knowledge from the Tree of Knowledge, Jumbo returned to
the savannah and proposed a plan to create a sanctuary for all the animals, where they
am
could coexist in peace with nearby human settlements.
38. B. Demand destruction during Covid, lumpy skin disease, and fodder inflation
Explanation: The passage states that at least three factors have played a role in the
decline of milk output in India: demand destruction during Covid, which led to a crash in
hy
prices and the inability of dairy farmers to invest in the upkeep of their cattle; lumpy
skin disease, which has reportedly wreaked havoc; and fodder inflation at 30 per cent,
which is a critical factor.
ad
39. B. Because it is an endemic issue, with supply not keeping pace with demand, and it
affects a large number of farmers
Explanation: The passage explains that fodder inflation is an endemic issue in India, as
M
the supply of fodder has not kept pace with the demand. It also points out that the dairy
sector supports more than 80 million farmers and has the potential to provide a
livelihood to many more small and marginal farmers. Therefore, it is important to invest
in policies that address the supply constraints of fodder.
h
40. d) Urgent
is
Explanation: The passage highlights the urgent need for policy changes and investment
in the dairy sector to address the ongoing issues, such as milk shortage, lumpy skin
disease, and fodder inflation. The author emphasizes the importance of focusing on
gl
these issues to support the livelihoods of millions of farmers.

41. c) The necessity for a structural shift in India's dairy sector
En
Explanation: The main theme of the passage is the need for a structural shift in India's
dairy sector to overcome the challenges it is facing, such as milk shortages, disease
outbreaks, and fodder inflation. The author stresses the importance of focusing on
policy changes and investments to address these issues and support millions of farmers
who rely on the sector for their livelihood.
42. C. Deforestation and loss of tiger habitat
Explanation: The 'Status of Tiger' report warns that all of India’s five main tiger zones
face challenges of deforestation and loss of tiger habitat, which pose a threat to the
stability and growth of tiger populations.
English Madhyam 20
43. D. (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)

Explanation: Wildlife habitats in these states face various threats, including habitat
encroachment, hunting, conflicts with humans, unregulated cattle grazing, excessive
harvesting of non-timber forest products, fires, mining, and expanding infrastructure.
These challenges hinder the creation of suitable habitats for tiger populations.
44. D. India has successfully increased its tiger population without relying on fenced
reserves
Explanation: The editorial highlights that India's big cat conservation approach is distinct
as it ensures an increase in tiger numbers without relying on fenced reserves and by
am
engaging the participation of forest-dwelling communities in conservation efforts.
45. B) Optimistic
Explanation: The tone of the editorial is optimistic as it highlights the increase in India's
tiger population from 2,967 in 2018 to at least 3,167 in 2022. It also appreciates the
hy
government's efforts since 1973 and the distinct traits of India's big cat conservation
approach. Although the article mentions challenges and the need for further
conservation efforts, the overall tone remains positive and hopeful.
ad
M
h
is
gl
En
English Madhyam 21
Vocabulary: Passage
1. Structural (adjective) – infrastructural, 11. Play a role in (phrase) – contribute to,
organizational, systematic, participate in, be involved in, have a hand
configurational, foundational र म in म
2. Shift (noun) – change, transition, 12. Drying up (noun) – depletion, exhaustion,

transformation, alteration, adjustment reduction, shrinkage म
13. Vis-à-vis (preposition) – in relation to,
am
3. Fodder (noun) – feed, forage, provender, concerning, regarding, with respect to
foodstuff, sustenance र म
4. Reportedly (adverb) – supposedly, 14. Destruction (noun) – devastation,

allegedly, seemingly, purportedly, damage, ruin, annihilation
hy
according to reports र र
15. Lead (to) (verb) – cause, bring about,
5. Consider (verb) – contemplate, ponder, result in, give rise to
deliberate, examine, review र
ad
र
16. Crash (noun) – collapse, breakdown,
6. Player (noun) – participant, competitor, failure, slump र
contender, actor, stakeholder
M
17. Upkeep (noun) – maintenance,
7. Organised sector (noun) – The organized
preservation, conservation, care रख-रख ,
sector refers to the portion of an economy
or industry where activities are formally ख
h
structured, regulated, and monitored by

the government or other recognized 18. Lumpy skin disease (noun) – a viral
is
authorities. disease affecting cattle, characterized by

nodules on the skin र र
gl
8. Unorganised sector (noun) – The

unorganized sector is the part of an 19. By all accounts (phrase) – as far as one
economy or industry that operates can tell, apparently, seemingly, evidently
En
informally, without strict regulation or र

oversight from government or other
authorities. 20. Wreck havoc (phrase) – cause chaos,
9. Point to (phrasal verb) – indicate, suggest, create disorder, bring destruction
imply, signal, reveal र म
10. Stagnant (adjective) – static, unchanging, 21. Underestimate (noun) – undervalue,

inactive, stationary र underrate, minimize, belittle म
English Madhyam 22
22. Claim (noun) – assertion, declaration, 34. Overcome (verb) – succeed in dealing with
statement, allegation (a problem or difficulty).
23. Livestock (noun) – farm animals, 35. Rule (verb) – (of a price or a traded
domesticated animals, cattle commodity with regard to its price) have a
specified general level or strength.
24. Perhaps (adverb) – maybe, possibly,
36. Endemic (adjective) – native, local,
conceivably, potentially
regional, ingrained, deep-rooted
am
25. Linger (verb) – persist, remain, stay,
37. Pace (noun) – speed, rate, tempo, velocity,
endure र र
momentum
26. For a while (phrase) – momentarily,
temporarily, briefly, for a short time, for a 38. Decade (noun) – ten years, decennium
hy
period र
27. Recoup (verb) – recover, regain, retrieve, 39. Animal husbandry (noun) – livestock
farming, animal breeding, animal rearing
reclaim, reacquire र ad
28. Inflation (noun) – price increase,
escalating prices, costliness, rising prices, 40. Livelihood (noun) – means of support,
M
subsistence, source of income, living
economic upturn म
29. Account for (phrasal verb) – constitute,

41. Marginal farming (noun) – Marginal
h
form, total compose, be responsible for

farming refers to agricultural practices
र carried out on small and fragmented
is
landholdings that typically yield low

30. Transient (adjective) – temporary, short- productivity and provide minimal income
gl
lived, brief, momentary, ephemeral to the farmers.

,
42. Viable farming (noun) – Viable farming is a
En
31. Capital (noun) – assets, funds, resources, type of agriculture that is economically
finances, wealth sustainable, allowing farmers to generate
sufficient income to support their families
32. Depletion (noun) – reduction, decrease, and maintain their farms. This form of
lessening, diminution, exhaustion म farming typically involves larger
landholdings, efficient production
33. Eventually (adverb) – ultimately, in the methods, and the ability to adapt to
end, finally, in due course, in the long run changing market conditions
म
English Madhyam 23
43. Address (verb) – tackle, deal with, 54. Buoyant (adjective) – resilient, hopeful,
confront, attend to, approach , optimistic, animated, spirited ,
( र)
44. Embedded (adjective) – ingrained, 55. Sustainable (adjective) – maintainable,

integrated, incorporated, fixed, viable, eco-friendly, enduring, long-lasting
entrenched
45. Supply constraint (noun) – limitation, 56. Spare (verb) – save, protect, shield,
am
restriction, constraint, bottleneck, safeguard, preserve
hindrance
57. Volatility (noun) – instability,
46. Point out (phrasal verb) – indicate, unpredictability, fluctuation, variability,
mention, draw attention to, underscore, र
hy
changeability
highlight
58. Assurance (noun) – guarantee, promise,
47. Surpass (verb) – outdo, outperform,
ad pledge, commitment, certainty र
exceed, excel, outshine र र
59. Of some sort (phrase) – of some kind, to
48. Notably (adverb) – especially, particularly, some extent, in some way र
significantly, markedly, conspicuously
M
60. Nudge (verb) – prod, prompt, push,
encourage, urge र र
49. Reach out (phrasal verb) – contact,
h
communicate, get in touch, approach, 61. Capital-intensive (adjective) – requiring

connect र large investment, high-capital-demanding,
is
investment-heavy -
50. Likely (adjective) – probable, possible,
gl
foreseeable, anticipated, expected 62. Revolutionise (verb) – transform, change

radically, innovate, modernize, reform
51. Assured (of) (adjective) – guaranteed, र र
En
certain, confident, secure, positive

63. Room (noun) – space, capacity, scope,
opportunity, allowance
52. Procure (verb) – obtain, acquire, secure,
purchase, gain खर 64. Given (preposition) – considering, taking
into account, in view of, bearing in mind
53. Wrest (verb) – seize, snatch, take by force, ख
extract, usurp
65. Scenario (noun) – situation, circumstance,
condition, context, state र
English Madhyam 24
Vocabulary: Passage
1. Burning bright (phrase) – This phrase, 11. Extinct (adjective) – vanished,
in the context of the editorial, refers to disappeared, died out, lost
the thriving and increasing population
of wild tigers in India. 12. Populate (verb) – inhabit, occupy,
settle, colonize, people र
2. Quadrennial (adjective) – every four
years, four-yearly, quinquennial,
13. Rely (on) (verb) – depend, count, trust,
occurring every four years
have faith, lean र र
am
14. Fenced reserves (noun) – enclosed
3. Census (noun) – population count, sanctuaries, protected areas,
survey, headcount, enumeration, tally conserved zones, safeguarded habitats
र र
hy
4. Dweller (noun) – inhabitant, resident, 15. Forest-dwelling (adjective) –
occupant, tenant, denizen woodland-living, jungle-residing,
5. Estimate (verb) – gauge, approximate,

ad forest-inhabiting मर
calculate, assess, determine म 16. Distinct (adjective) – separate,

different, individual, discrete, unique
M
6. Notable (adjective) – significant,
remarkable, outstanding, noteworthy, 17. Trait (noun) – characteristic, feature,
h
striking मख quality, attribute, property

is
7. Consistently (adverb) – regularly, 18. Ordain (verb) – decree, order,

persistently, steadily, continuously, command, mandate, prescribe म
र र
gl
unvaryingly
8. Devote (verb) – dedicate, commit, 19. Perpetuity (noun) – forever, eternity,

En
allocate, assign, give म र endlessness, infinity, permanence

र र
9. Vulnerable (adjective) – susceptible, at
risk, endangered, exposed, weak 20. Deforestation (noun) – forest
र clearance, logging, clearing, tree
removal
10. Degradation (noun) – decline,
deterioration, degeneration, decay, 21. Habitat (noun) – environment,
damage र , ecosystem, natural home, living
conditions
English Madhyam 25
22. Biodiverse (adjective) – species-rich, 33. Infrastructure (noun) – facilities,

ecologically varied, biologically diverse systems, services, installations,
- structures
23. Host (verb) – accommodate, provide 34. Ought (to) (modal verb) – should,
for, harbor, lodge, house म र must, need to, be obliged to र
24. Populous (adjective) – densely

populated, heavily populated, 35. Sustain (verb) – support, maintain,
am
crowded, teeming uphold, preserve, continue रख
25. On the decline (phrase) – decreasing, 36. Fledgling (adjective) – emerging,
diminishing, dwindling, waning, falling developing, growing, nascent, budding
र र र
hy
26. For instance (phrase) – as an example, 37. Delicate (adjective) – sensitive, fragile,
for example, e.g., to illustrate, by way
precarious, fine, subtle म,
of example र ad 38. Fertile (adjective) – fruitful, productive,
27. Encroachment (noun) – invasion,
rich, abundant, fecund
intrusion, trespass, infringement,
M
violation म 39. Intact (adjective) – undamaged,
unharmed, unimpaired, whole,
28. Hunting (noun) – chasing, pursuing,
unbroken ख
र
h
stalking, tracking, prey-catching

40. Showcase (verb) – exhibit, display,
is
29. Unregulated (adjective) – unrestricted,

present, feature, highlight र
uncontrolled, unsupervised,
unconstrained, unbridled
gl
41. At the expense/cost of (phrase) – at

the sacrifice of, to the detriment of, in
30. Grazing (noun) – pasture, foraging,
preference to म र
browsing, feeding, pasturing र
En
42. Livelihood (noun) – means of support,

31. Harvesting (noun) – gathering, subsistence, source of income, living
collecting, reaping, garnering, picking
43. Dignified (adjective) – respectable,

32. Expanding (adjective) – growing, honorable, noble, dignitary, esteemed
enlarging, increasing, swelling,
म
extending
English Madhyam 26
44. Often (adverb) – frequently, regularly, 47. Incentive (noun) – motivation,

commonly, routinely, habitually र encouragement, inducement, stimulus,
spur
45. Majestic (adjective) – magnificent,
grand, stately, splendid, elegant 48. Stakeholder (noun) – interested party,
र/ र shareholder, investor, contributor
र
46. Co-exist (verb) – live together, cohabit,
live side by side, co-occur र
am
hy
ad
M
h
is
gl
En
English Madhyam 27
am
hy
ad
M
h
is
gl
En
English Madhyam 28

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April 16, 2023 ENGLISH MADHYAM

SSC CGL 2023

Note :- To test comprehension, three or more paragraphs will be given and

questions based on those will be asked. At least one paragraph should be a

be on current affairs, based on a report or an editorial.

CGL Mains Mock – 06

to India from Sunday,

The artist's use of color is _______.

C. To accept information or advice with skepticism

The president loved that lady

C. That lady is loved by the president.

18. Select the most appropriate option to fill in the blank

from the school

this, one can (4)_____________ techniques to reduce decision-making stress.

A. Jumbo became a powerful ruler of the savannah.

D. Jumbo and Kiki became famous for their daring exploits.

room for all players to grow, given the demand scenario

devoted attention to ensuring that tigers — generally vulnerable to environmental

(i) Habitat encroachment and hunting

(iii) Excessive harvesting of non-timber forest products and fires

B. (ii), (iii), (iv)

C. Diligently (adverb) – Carefully, attentively, conscientiously, meticulously,

Narendra Modi to visit Ukraine.

A. Ephemeral (adjective) – Fleeting, transient, temporary, short-lived, evanescent

B. Austere (adjective) – Plain, stark, somber, unadorned र

A. bare – it means uncovered, naked, or without any clothing or covering

A. Innocuous (adjective) – Harmless, inoffensive, benign, safe, mild

D. Derogatory (adjective) – Disparaging, belittling, pejorative, deprecatory, demeaning

10. C) “I had been waiting’ ‘I am waiting‘ र म

11. B. Insistance (Correct spelling: Insistence)

C. Concise (adjective) – Succinct, brief, terse, to the point, compact

D. Lucid (adjective) – Clear, transparent, understandable, unambiguous, intelligible

B. Cadence (noun) – Rhythm; the rise and fall of sounds , र

D. Heresy (noun) – Any belief that is strongly opposed to established belief. म ,

 Rome wasn't built in a day (phrase) – significant accomplishments or projects

quantified the differences in air pollution generated from battery-powered electric

29. D) She said, “It is evening I must go for a run.”

the correct answer is "overwhelming" (option b).

outcomes, so the correct answer is "focus on" (option d).

these issues to support the livelihoods of millions of farmers.

43. D. (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)

2. Shift (noun) – change, transition, 12. Drying up (noun) – depletion, exhaustion,

13. Vis-à-vis (preposition) – in relation to,

4. Reportedly (adverb) – supposedly, 14. Destruction (noun) – devastation,

structured, regulated, and monitored by

authorities. disease affecting cattle, characterized by

8. Unorganised sector (noun) – The

informally, without strict regulation or र

10. Stagnant (adjective) – static, unchanging, 21. Underestimate (noun) – undervalue,

29. Account for (phrasal verb) – constitute,

form, total compose, be responsible for

landholdings that typically yield low

lived, brief, momentary, ephemeral to the farmers.

44. Embedded (adjective) – ingrained, 55. Sustainable (adjective) – maintainable,

communicate, get in touch, approach, 61. Capital-intensive (adjective) – requiring

foreseeable, anticipated, expected 62. Revolutionise (verb) – transform, change

certain, confident, secure, positive