GENDER & SOCIETY

Constitution of an
individual’s sex
Prepared by:
Calub Edmert
Gabriel June Mae
Tadlas Gil Felix
 Table of Content:

REPRODUCTIVE
PRIMARY
01 o3 ROLES
CHARACTERISTICS
(REPRODUCTIVE ORGANS)
REPRODUCTIVE
04
RESPONSIBILITIES
SECONDARY
02 CHARACTERISTICS 05 RA 10354
 Lesson Targets

01 02 03 04
To differentiate the To identify the To discuss the RA .10354 To actively participating in
Reproductive organs of a Reproductive roles and and; the class.
male and female responsibilities
 GENDER AND
SOCIETY

Sex refers to “the different biological and

physiological characteristics of males and
females, such as reproductive organs,
chromosomes, hormones, etc.”
Sex
refers to the physical
differences between people
who are male, female, or
intersex
 Intersex
Intersex is a general term used for a variety of
conditions in which a person is born with a
reproductive or sexual anatomy that doesn't
seem to fit the typical definitions of female or
male. For example, a person might be born
appearing to be female on the outside, but
having mostly male-typical anatomy on the
inside
Being intersex may be evident at birth,
childhood, later in adulthood or never
Some factors that may cause intersex to occur
in an individual include Genetic conditions that
cause abnormal hormonal levels in genital
development
Primary Characteristics (Reproductive Organs)
Reproductive Organs - the system of organs and parts
which function in reproduction
Male
Reproductive
System
Produces, maintains, and transports sperm
(the male reproductive cells) and
protective fluid (semen)
Produces and secretes male sex hormones
responsible for maintaining the male
reproductive system.
The male reproductive system includes the
testes (which produce sperm), penis,
epididymis, vas deferens, ejaculatory ducts
and urethra
Female
Reproductive
Organs:
Produce the eggs necessary for
reproduction, called the ova (ovum is singular
for one egg) or oocytes
Incubate and nourish a fertilized egg until it is
fully developed
Produce female sex hormones that maintain
the reproductive cycle
The female reproductive system consists of
the ovaries (which produce eggs or oocytes),
fallopian tubes, uterus, cervix, vagina and
vulva
 Secondary
characteristics

Physical characteristics which develop at puberty

distinguishes males from females. These are called
secondary sexual characteristics. The secondary
sex characteristics are controlled and regulated by
hormones.
Male Hormones:
Testosterone used to regulate
sex drive (libido), bone mass, fat
distribution, muscle mass and
strength, and the production of red
blood cells and sperm.

Growth of the larynx - lengthen and

thicken the vocal cords in males
Muscle development and skeletal
size
Distribution of the body and pubic
hair
Stimulation of sweat glands
Female Hormones:
Estrogen is the hormone that
regulates the menstrual cycle while
progesterone is the hormone that
supports pregnancy

Stimulating the development

of the breast
Aiding in the development of
the external genitalia
Distribution of the pubic and
axillary hairs
Distribution of body fat
 Mental, emotional, and
intellectual maturity
Adolescence is also a period which brings a maturity that causes a
change in the way a person thinks. Adolescents become more
independent and self-conscious as they attain mental maturity.
During adolescence, intellectual development takes place, and
adolescents start reasoning and understanding things. During this
age, the brain has the maximum learning capacity.
Reproductive
Responsibility:

refers to the ethical and

practical obligations
individuals and societies have
regarding their reproductive
choices and actions.
Responsibilities
related to
human
reproduction
Family
Planning:
refers to the practices of deliberately
controlling the number of children within the
family. The primary goals of family planning
are.
decide when the to have a child.
determine the number of children they
want.
choose the spacing between children.
access the use of contraception.
receive reproductive health education and
services.
Safe and
Healthy
Pregnancy:
it's important to consult with your
healthcare provider to create a
personalized plan for a safe and healthy
pregnancy that considers your specific
health and circumstances. Regular
communication with your healthcare team
is essential for monitoring your progress
and addressing any concerns that may
arise during pregnancy.
Parenting
and Child
Rearing:
process of raising and nurturing children from
infancy to adulthood. This involves providing
physical, emotional, and psychological
support and guidance to help children
develop into healthy, responsible, and well-
adjusted individuals.
Respect for
Autonomy:
a cornerstone of ethical decision-
making and human rights, emphasizing the
importance of individual self-determination
and the right to make choices about one's own
life. It plays a central role in discussions of
medical ethics, patient rights, and personal
autonomy in democratic societies.
Preventing
Unintended
Pregnancies:
Individuals and couples must
take measures to prevent
unintended pregnancies if they
are not ready or do not wish to
be parents at a given time.
Awareness of
Reproductive
Rights:
assert their rights related to their reproductive
and sexual health. Reproductive rights
encompass a range of fundamental rights and
freedoms that are central to an individual's ability
to make informed choices about their
reproductive lives. empowers individuals to make
informed decisions about their sexual and
reproductive health, seek necessary healthcare
services, and advocate for their rights. Promoting
awareness of reproductive rights also contributes
to public policy discussions and efforts to ensure
that these rights are respected and protected at
both the national and international levels.
Reproductive Role:
Reproductive roles refer to the specific
functions and contributions of males and
females in the process of reproduction. it
plays a crucial role in the survival and
continuation of species.
 A. Biological
Reproductive Role:

Gamete
Production:
organisms typically produce specialized reproductive cells. It carries
genetic information and are essential for the formation of new individuals. In
humans, males produce sperm cells, while females produce egg cells.
 A. Biological
Reproductive Role:

Fertilization:
union of a sperm cell (from a male) and an egg cell (from a female)
during fertilization results in the formation of a zygote. zygote contains a
combination of genetic material from both parents and marks the beginning of a
new individual.
 A. Biological
Reproductive Role:
Pregnancy and
Gestation:
processes in the reproduction of many species, including humans and
most mammals. These processes involve the development and nurturing of an
embryo or fetus within the body of a female organism until it is ready to be born.
 A. Biological
Reproductive Role:

Childbirth:
process by which offspring are born. It involves
the expulsion of the developing offspring from the
mother's body.
 B. Sociocultural
Reproductive Role:

Parenting:
Both parents typically contribute to the upbringing, care, and education
of their offspring. The specific roles and responsibilities of parents can vary
across cultures and societies due to a combination of historical, social,
economic, and cultural factors. These variations in parenting roles and
expectations reflect the diversity of human societies and their unique values and
circumstances.
 B. Sociocultural
Reproductive Role:

Gender Roles:
Societies often assign distinct roles to individuals based on their gender,
particularly in the context of reproduction. Traditionally, these roles have
included:
Men: Historically, men have been expected to fulfill roles such as being
providers, protectors, and fathers. Their roles may involve economic support for
the family and taking on responsibilities related to the upbringing and education
of children.
Women: Women have traditionally been expected to fulfill roles as caregivers,
mothers, and homemakers. Their roles often include childbearing, child-rearing,
and maintaining the household.
 B. Sociocultural
Reproductive Role:

Cultural
Norms:
shared rules and expectations that guide behavior and interactions
within a particular culture or society. These norms shape how individuals within
a culture perceive, interpret, and respond to various situations, behaviors, and
social roles. Cultural norms encompass a wide range of aspects of daily life,
including social etiquette, values, beliefs, and customs.
 RA 10354 in the
Philippines,

Republic act
10354
AN ACT PROVIDING FOR A NATIONAL POLICY ON
RESPONSIBLE PARENTHOOD AND REPRODUCTIVE
HEALTH
 RA 10354 in the
Philippines,

Republic act
10354
also known as the Responsible Parenthood and
Reproductive Health Act of 2012
 RA 10354 in the
Philippines,

Republic act
10354
is a law that aims to provide Filipinos with access to
information and services related to family planning,
reproductive health, and responsible parenthood.
 RA 10354 in the
Philippines,

Purpose of RA
10354
Providing access to contraception and family planning
methods to help couples make informed decisions
about the number and spacing of their children.
 RA 10354 in the
Philippines,

Purpose of RA
10354
Educating people about reproductive health and family
planning to empower them with knowledge and
choices.
 RA 10354 in the
Philippines,

Purpose of RA
10354
Ensuring maternal and child health services are
accessible and of good quality to reduce maternal and
infant mortality rates.
 RA 10354 in the
Philippines,

Purpose of RA
10354
Addressing gender-related issues by promoting gender
equality and protecting the rights and dignity of women
and couples in making reproductive decisions.
This law also includes provisions to
prevent discrimination and protect
the rights and dignity of women in
matters related to reproductive
health. Ultimately, it seeks to
contribute to a more equitable and
inclusive society where individuals
can make informed choices about their
reproductive lives, regardless of their
gender.
Thank You For
Listening!
 REFERENCES:
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