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Holt McDougal Biology From DNA to Proteins

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Section 3: DNA Replication

Study Guide A
KEY CONCEPT
DNA replication copies the genetic information of a cell.

VOCABULARY

replication DNA polymerase

MAIN IDEA: REPLICATION COPIES THE GENETIC INFORMATION.

Fill in the blank or circle the word or phrase that best completes the statement.

1. DNA replication is the process by which DNA is copied / observed during the
cell cycle.
2. DNA replication takes place in the centrosome / nucleus of a eukaryotic cell.
3. DNA is replicated during the M stage / S stage of the cell cycle.
4. DNA replication needs to occur so that every cell / organism will have a
complete set of DNA following cell division.
5. A template is something that serves as a ___________.
6. Suppose that one strand of DNA has the sequence TAGGTAC. Write down
the sequence of the complementary DNA strand. _______________________

MAIN IDEA: PROTEINS CARRY OUT THE PROCESS OF REPLICATION.

7. Circle all of the roles that proteins play during DNA replication.
a. They help unzip the DNA strand.
b. They hold the DNA strands apart.
c. They attach nucleotides to the nucleus.
d. They remove nucleotides from the DNA strands.
e. They bond nucleotides together.

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Holt McDougal Biology 1 From DNA to Proteins

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Study Guide A continued

Fill in the blank with the word or phrase that best completes the sentence.

8. In order for the DNA strands to separate, the ________________ bonds

connecting base pairs must be broken.
9. DNA replication is called semiconservative because each molecule consists of
one ___________ strand and one ___________ strand.

Place the following sentences in the correct order to summarize the steps of
replication. Draw a diagram showing each step.
a. Enzymes unzip the helix.
b. Two identical DNA molecules result.
c. DNA polymerase binds nucleotides together to form new strands that are
complementary to the original strands.

10. 11. 12.

_______________ _______________ _______________

_______________ _______________ _______________
MAIN IDEA: REPLICATION IS FAST AND ACCURATE.
Circle the word or phrase that best completes the statement.

13. Human chromosomes have only one / hundreds of origin(s) of replication,

where the DNA is unzipped so replication can begin.
14. DNA polymerase has a proofreading function that enables it to detect errors /
enzymes and correct them.

Vocabulary Check
Fill in the blank with the word or phrase that best completes the sentence.

15. The suffix -ase indicates an enzyme. A polymer is a string of repeating

structural units. DNA polymerase is an enzyme that makes DNA by forming
bonds between _____________________.

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Holt McDougal Biology 2 From DNA to Proteins