Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Smart Energy (ICAIS-2022)

IEEE Xplore Part Number: CFP22OAB-ART; ISBN: 978-1-6654-0052-7

A review of Arduino based hand gesture

controlled robot using IoT
2022 Second International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Smart Energy (ICAIS) | 978-1-6654-0052-7/22/$31.00 ©2022 IEEE | DOI: 10.1109/ICAIS53314.2022.9741829

Gunapriya B Vinoth Kumar K Jibran Zaidi H

Department of Electrical and Department of Electrical and Department of Electrical and
Electronics Engineering Electronics Engineering Electronics Engineering
New Horizon College of Engineering New Horizon College of Engineering New Horizon College of Engineering
Bengaluru, India Bengaluru, India Bengaluru, India
gunapriya1978@gmail.com kvinoth_kumar84@yahoo.in jibranzaidi22@gmail.com

Lingareddygari Nirupavardhan Reddy Vikram S Jaffer Sadiq

Department of Electrical and Department of Electrical and Department of Electrical and
Electronics Engineering Electronics Engineering Electronics Engineering
New Horizon College of Engineering New Horizon College of Engineering New Horizon College of Engineering
Bengaluru, India Bengaluru, India Bengaluru, India
nirupavardhan2424@gmail.com vickyvr006@gmail.com jaffersadiq118@gmail.com

Abstract— This paper suggests that reputation of gestures software platform for mobile gadgets consisting of a
have continually been a means of bridging the gap between the running machine. All its important devices are mixed in a
physical world and the virtual world. The Arduino centered piece of software called SDK which stands for Software
car machine unable to manual control of the car. The paintings Development Kit and what people instruct the script
provided were made using microcontroller as well as operations of this document is to extend an android
Bluetooth. First, this work shows that cars can be managed application to control the robot's bluetooth usage. It is used
with hand gestures along with hand movements and roles. for many different purposes than other Wi-Fi technologies.
Second, the engine offered is also extended to be managed The generation of hardware used in smartphones has also
through a mobile utility that is entirely Android-based and has
improved significantly. We would therefore say that
special modes (e.g. touch button mode, reputation mode by
voice). In addition, an automatic obstacle detector has been
Android smartphones will serve as the primary interest for
added to improve safeguards to keep out any danger. The industrial, commercial and many preferred reasons. [1]
proposed structures were designed to confirm the efficiency, Various researchers were made with the help of special
accuracy, and affordability of the structure. researchers during the development of this project.
However, they do serve special software, and a special
Keywords— Mobile remote control, Motor, Hand Gesture, generation has been adopted that has advanced the
recognition, sensor, Android.
Bluetooth generation approach using a microcontroller-
driven android app for robotics. The key idea in his
I. INTRODUCTION
paintings is to reveal that an Android application can be
Today, robotics is rapidly becoming one of the best in operated by really special digital devices. [2]
the generation sector. Autonomous robots are not always
managed by humans and act of their own choosing by
detecting its environment. Gesture control robots are robots
that can be operated using hand gestures instead of neck
buttons, simply using an accelerometer and attaching a
small actuator to the hand. Now is the time to interrupt the
challenge in specific modules to make the challenge clean
and easy with any task coming clean or error free if the
kilometers are run in the modules. - Specific boils. Since our
task has been divided into transmitter and receiver specific
components. Special robot packages contain in automotive,
medical, construction, protection and are widely used as
home prevention robots to help people against accidents in
the home. However, controlling the robot with a remote
control or shift is very complicated. This expands on a
whole new mission. It is an accelerometer based primarily
on complete robot gesture management. The main purpose
of this mission is to use an accelerometer to control the
movement of the robot with hand gestures.
Robots have come a long way, and being able to imitate
people they seem to be thinking in their own smartphones is
now an important part of a person's life. Android is a
Fig. 1. Architecture design

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 Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Smart Energy (ICAIS-2022)
IEEE Xplore Part Number: CFP22OAB-ART; ISBN: 978-1-6654-0052-7
In general, previous studies suggest that Arduino
microcontroller software is very successful in robot design,
development and implementation. This system also
enhances the Arduino platform. [3] Figure.1 suggests the
layout of the car control mechanism with the software
system of the hand and cell.
To simplify the analysis, Figure 1 shows the entire
operating mechanism and functions of the proposed
computerized robotic vehicle. While I/P and O/P make up
the utility's plan as inputs and outputs. There are modes of
robot vehicle control and transmission. [4] After receiving
the data, the vehicle's Arduino Uno scales the received
angles with a predefined set of angles and tells the motor
module to transport the vehicle's wheels so that the robot
can drive to the corners. I will send it. You can see that
some angles are predefined for moving the robot's wheels
back and forth, braking, and moving left and right. [5]
II. METHODOLOGY
The usual push buttons managed by the robot become
very cumbersome and further limit the space of the robot.
The wireless manual robot will feature a wearable glove
from which manual operations can be used as input to the
robot's movements. The basic concept of our mission is to
extend the 'Robot' system. Who can understand human
interaction with him to complete the safe tasks assigned to
him. [7] In these paintings, a wearable glove will be
arranged as a means to understand the sensors connected to
it to capture hand movements and convert statistics
mechanical has not yet been converted into electrical form.
These stats can be treated the same and become an
understandable layout for the water lily connected to the
Glove. [6] This water lily will act as a statistic transmitter
for Wi-Fi communication purposes. Once the transmitted
statistics are obtained through the receiver module as a
means of being linked to the microcontroller, they can be
processed and sent to the microcontroller in the same
manner.
The microcontroller will infer the instructions and thus
operate the motor driver to control the motor for many tasks
in the robot. The purpose of the mission is to extend the
human utility interface used to control the robotic arm. Our
goal is to make this tool easy and affordable so that it can be
manufactured and used for many purposes. [8] The goal of
this paper is to build a vehicle that can be managed by
wireless gestures. During this mission, the person can also
control vehicle movements with sport control gloves and
perform predefined gestures. It can be widely used in many
capacity programs including racing with Wi-Fi controller
and so on. To interact with the field around us, now not at
home but also in places of business. [10] In fact, a
commercial company in South Africa has provided you with
a state-of-the-art device located at Tambo International
Airport that detects yawning or drowsy guests and dispenses
mugs, coffee without lid. While to use the best generation in
terms of facial and gesture popularity, it's still an interesting
study of what can be achieved with this generation. [11-12]
The RF Transmitter Module is a small PCB, that is, a
subassembly of a printed circuit board that is capable of
transmitting radio waves and modulating that wave to keep
statistics. The transmitter module is often applied in
conjunction with the microcontroller as a means of
providing statistics to the transmitted module. RF
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transmitters often find it difficult to meet regulatory
requirements that specify output power, harmonics, and the
most permissible frequency band. [13]
L293D is a built-in Hbridge (IC) motor power integrated
circuit. Motor drivers act like peak amplifiers because they
have low processing signature and provide better peak
signal. This best tip sign is used to tie up cars. The L293D
includes integrated Hbridge power supply circuits. In
normal operation, 4,444 DC cars can be pushed
simultaneously, one car each forward and in the opposite
direction. The engine operation of cars can be managed
through input logic means. When the authorization input is
high, the associated dynamic is activated.
Transmittance RF (radio frequency) is superior to IR
(infrared) for several reasons. First of all, RF alarms can
travel very long distances, making them suitable for long
variety programmes, as shown in Figure 2. In addition,
while IR usually operates in the mode looking straight
ahead,
Fig. 2. Movement Signs
Their results conclude that GCUI offers interesting
possibilities for specific software domains and in particular
for users who are not comfortable with the larger input
devices commonly used. . They tried to collate statistics
from time studies spanning over 30 years. They studied
specific gesture patterns, customers, its applications, its era,
its issues. Addressed, consequences and interfaces of
ongoing studies. They take into account the next evolution
of gesture-managed consumer interfaces as a rich consumer
interface, the use of gestures seems relevant to current
popular and ubiquitous devices and in the future.
The quick and adaptive set of monitoring rules allows
the robot to reliably sing and observe someone in a work
environment with variable lighting conditions. Two
strategies for creating an opportunity for gesture ubiquity
are compared: a purely model-driven approach and a neural
community approach. The two are mixed with Viterbi's rule
set for the prevalence of gestures described by arm
movements (apart from static arm poses). The results are
covered in the context of an interactive cleaning task, in
which someone directs the robot to specific places to be
cleaned and asks the robot to select waste.
III. IMPLEMENTATION
According to the simulations presented in section 2.3.1,
a suitable motor power is 250 W for a rider weighing 57 kg.
Figure 3 illustrates the setup for this experiment.
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 Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Smart Energy (ICAIS-2022)
IEEE Xplore Part Number: CFP22OAB-ART; ISBN: 978-1-6654-0052-7

At first the accelerometer (connected to the glove) will

experience the acceleration forces that can be generated with
the hand movement at that moment, and thus it will transfer
the statistics to the Arduino Nano, This handy glove is
found. After receiving the statistics, the Arduino Nano
converts them to special perspective values from 0 to 450°
degrees and sends the statistics to the Arduino Uno's RF
receiver located in the car through the transmitter. RF, as
shown in Figure 4. Arduino will send an appropriate control
board to protect the motor. So, after receiving the signal, the
defensive engine will process the car's movement.

Fig. 3. Experimental setup

The task has been divided into components to make the

task clean and easy, avoid complications and avoid
mistakes. RF receiver module, decoder IC, microcontroller,
motor driver IC, DC motor. Accelerometer statistics indicate
that the hand moves according to the most convenient X and
Y instructions and produces constant analog voltage levels.
These voltages are transmitted to the microcontroller that
approaches the input and encodes the information in a
virtual form suitable for transmission through the xbee-
serial transmitter. The circuit of this robot is managed by a
fairly simple hand gesture. As the above diagrams
demonstrate, an RF pair is used for verbal exchange and tied
to the arduino. The driving force of the motor is connected
to the arduino to operate the robot. The motor force pins 2,
7, 10 and 15 are connected to the number of arduino virtual
pins 6, 5, four and three respectively. Here we have used
automotive DC for robotic pressure, where one motor is
connected to the drive force output pins of motors three and
six and another is connected to eleven and 14. A nine-volt
battery is also used to power the motor's motor to drive a
car.

Fig. 5. Ready Model

Initially, the robotic car will no longer run and will stand
still because it is no longer receiving any indication of the
accelerometer or glove accelerometer inside the live
position. Respective vehicles and cars will begin to move
inwards, like palm roads. Figure four shows the latest
demonstration of the proposed robotic car device that
handles the use of the Arduino using the famous hand
gesture. Figure 5a shows the entire material realization
process of the glove and of the robotic vehicle. Figure 4b
shows that the robot car is moving towards the road ahead
(all 4 wheels are moving), Arduino determines it is a
forward command because the hand is folded inside the
down function. In Figure 4c, the robot car is moving
backwards because the hand function is active. In Figure 4d,
the robot car is not always in motion because the hand is
inside the instantaneous function and the Arduino has
identified it as the brake command. In Figure 4e, the robot
car is traveling on the correct route (the correct diagonal
wheels are moving) because the hand was working properly
and the Arduino took it as an appropriate command.
Fig. 4. Ready Model

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 Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Smart Energy (ICAIS-2022)
IEEE Xplore Part Number: CFP22OAB-ART; ISBN: 978-1-6654-0052-7
IV. CONCLUSIONS
Fully accessible gestures and Android mobile widget as
defined above) and to argue the respective actions. The
proposed utility mainly includes modes of operation in
which the main utility is using the control mechanism of a
robot car mainly based on the prevalence of accessible
gestures, Off-road vehicles and the role from the hand).
Meanwhile, there are many kilometers provided that the
proposed structures can control the movement of the robot
car (forward, backward, left, right and stationary). Hardware
implementations of pre-made structures are available as a
lab-scale prototype to demonstrate simplicity, adaptability,
reliability, specificity, and a truly low price point. As a
lesson learned, we assert that inclusion structures can be
implemented without problems according to actual needs on
a large scale in the near future and can be implemented.
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