Medical Terminology For Health Professions 7th Edition Ehrlich Solutions Manual

Medical Terminology for Health
Professions 7th Edition Ehrlich

Solutions Manual
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TEACHING TOOLS FOR CHAPTER 6
CHAPTER 6
THE LYMPHATIC AND IMMUNE SYSTEMS

The Instructor Resources teaching tools for this chapter include:
•
The answer key for the Learning Exercises for the chapter, located in the file entitled Textbook Learning
Exercises Answer Key. These Learning Exercises are at the end of each chapter in Medical Terminology for
Health Professions, Seventh Edition, and in the Student Workbook for Introduction to Medical Terminology,
Third Edition. The answer key is also in the PowerPoint presentation for the chapter.
A PowerPoint presentation for this chapter, including the Overview of these body systems from the
beginning of the chapter, the Textbook Learning Exercises Answer Key, and the following animations
and videos:
Lymphatic System
Types of Mastectomies
Lymph Nodes
In this chapter of the Instructor’s Manual, you will find:
Personal Response Device questions (and answers) to engage students’ interest
Classroom Quizzes and their Answer Keys
Two 25-question quizzes for the Standard Syllabus testing on key word parts and all primary terms
Two 25-question quizzes for the Simplified Syllabus testing only on the 15 word parts and 60 terms
in the vocabulary list at the beginning of the chapter
Classroom Activities to help your learners enjoy their studies. This chapter includes:
Spelling Bee, a classic challenge to make sure learners are learning the correct spelling of the terms in
this chapter
The popular Knowledge Bowl Game for testing learners’ knowledge of the lymphatic and immune
systems
Crossword Puzzle and Answer Key
Word Search and Answer Key
“Medical Mystery” Story and Discussion Questions emphasizing the Simplified Syllabus terms (Hodgkin’s
Lymphoma)
SOAP Note and Questions (Women’s Health Clinic: Breast Lump)
Case Study and Discussion Questions (Biopsy Operative and Pathology Report: Breast Cancer)
Answer Keys for the Medical Mystery, SOAP Note, and Case Study
PERSONAL RESPONSE DEVICE QUESTIONS

AND ANSWERS
These questions are designed to engage students’ interest as a unit is introduced, not to test their knowledge.
Asking students to give their answers at the start of class will get them involved in the topic, and a delay in
providing the correct answers will help keep them curious. The questions can be made into PowerPoint slides
or written on the board, and answers can be tallied using a personal response device (clicker) system or a show
of hands.
Copyright © 2013 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. 129

130 Chapter 6
1. Of the 400–700 lymph nodes located along the larger lymphatic vessels, approximately half of these nodes
are in the abdomen. T/F
Answer: True
2. The tonsils are made up of muscle tissue. T/F
Answer: False. The tonsils are made up of lymphoid tissue.
3. Which type of immunity is passed from mother to child?
a. natural immunity
b. active immunity
c. acquired immunity
Answer: a. Natural immunity is present at birth or passed through breast milk to the baby.
4. Rubella, or German measles, originated in Germany. T/F
Answer: False. Rubella and measles have similar symptoms, so the term “German” comes from germanus,
meaning similar.
CLASSROOM QUIZZES
There are two quizzes for the Standard Syllabus and two for the Simplified Syllabus, each made up of 25
questions. Quiz A consists entirely of multiple-choice questions. Quiz B has a variety of question styles. Both
quizzes are of equal difficulty.
TIPS FOR USING CLASSROOM QUIZZES

These quizzes are brief so they can be used without consuming a lot of class time. They can be used
effectively either as a pop quiz to evaluate student preparation or as makeup work when a learner has
missed a class.
If you are concerned about learners copying each other’s answers, you can alternate Quizzes A and B in the
same class.
You can use Quiz A as the classroom quiz and Quiz B as the makeup or retest.
Combine the two quizzes to create a 50-question chapter test.
The Answer Keys are located immediately after the quizzes. You may want to have learners swap papers
and take a few minutes to have them grade the quizzes in class. This is an excellent review activity, and it
provides valuable insight into learner preparedness.
Copyright © 2013 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

The Lymphatic and Immune Systems 131
CHAPTER 6 STANDARD SYLLABUS QUIZ A

Name ___________________________________________ Date __________________ Class _______________
MULTIPLE CHOICE
Write in the letter of the correct answer.
______ 1. Which type of leukocyte surrounds and kills invading cells?
A. B cell B. dendritic cell C. macrophage
______ 2. Which type of immunity develops from having had a contagious disease?
A. natural B. acquired C. passive
______ 3. Which term describes a benign tumor made up of abnormal lymphatic vessels?
A. angioma B. lymphangioma C. lymphoma
______ 4. Which term means a malignant new growth of epithelial cells?
A. adenoma B. carcinoma C. sarcoma
______ 5. Which gland plays important roles in both the immune and cardiovascular systems ?
A. liver B. spleen C. thymus
______ 6. What type of breast cancer has not broken through the milk duct and has a cure rate of nearly 100?
A. ductal carcinoma in situ B. inflammatory breast cancer C. infiltrating lobular carcinoma
______ 7. Which term means a carcinoma derived from glandular tissue?
A. adenocarcinoma B. adenoiditis C. lymphangioma
______ 8. Which substance produced in the laboratory is used as a postexposure preventive measure against
rabies?
A. monoclonal antibodies B. synthetic immunoglobulins C. synthetic interferon
______ 9. Which condition is caused by damage to lymphatic vessels from cancer treatment, injuries, or burns?
A. primary lymphedema B. lipedema C. secondary lymphedema
______ 10. Which is a group of proteins whose specialty is fighting viruses by slowing or stopping their
multiplication?
A. complement system B. interferons C. plasma cells
______ 11. Which term means a malignant tumor derived from muscle tissue?
A. myeloma B. myelosarcoma C. myosarcoma
______ 12. What form of therapy involves the use of radioactive materials implanted into the tissues to be
treated?
A. antineoplastic B. brachytherapy C. teletherapy
______ 13. Which organ or structure has a major hemolytic function?
A. bone marrow B. spleen C. thymus
______ 14. Which term refers to the state of being resistant to a specific disease?
A. antibody B. immunity C. allergy
______ 15. Which term describes medication used to prevent the rejection of donor tissue?
A. antihistamine B. immunosuppressant C. immunotherapy
______ 16. Which test is used to confirm an HIV diagnosis ?
A. ELISA B. scratch test C. Western blot
______ 17. Which term describes any substance that the body regards as foreign?
A. agglutinin B. antibody C. antigen

132 Chapter 6
______ 18. Which term describes an inflammation of the lymph nodes?

A. lymphadenitis B. lymphadenosis C. lymphadenopathy
______ 19. Which of these diseases is caused by a parasite?
A. aspergillosis B. malaria C. moniliasis
______ 20. Which viral infection is commonly known as chickenpox?
A. cytomegalovirus B. herpes zoster C. varicella
______ 21. Which form of bacteria causes Lyme disease?
A. rickettsia B. spirochete C. staphylococci
______ 22. Which term describes the process by which a tumor creates its own blood supply?
A. angiogenesis B. angiostenosis C. anti-angiogenesis
______ 23. Which term is the verb describing the process by which cancer spreads from the primary site to a
secondary site?
A. metabolism B. metastasis C. metastasize
______ 24. Which lymphatic structures are located at the base of the tongue?
A. lingual tonsils B. nasopharyngeal tonsils C. palatine tonsils
______ 25. Which term means an abnormal accumulation of fluid in the tissues that occurs when lymph vessels do
not drain properly?
A. lipedema B. lymphedema C. lymphoma

CHAPTER 6 STANDARD SYLLABUS QUIZ B

Name ___________________________________________ Date __________________ Class _______________
FILL IN THE BLANK

Write the correct term on the line provided.
1. A specialist in diagnosing and treating conditions of altered immunologic reactivity such as allergic
reactions is known as a/an ______________________ .
2. The chain-forming bacteria that cause the severe pharyngitis known as a strep throat are
______________________ .
3. The white blood cells that undergo maturation and differentiation so they can attack specific antigens
are known as ______________________ .
4. Breast cancer at its earliest stage is known as ductal ______________________ in situ.
5. A severe systemic allergic response in which the patient may die within minutes is known as
______________________ .
6. A drug that kills or damages cells is known as a/an ______________________ drug.
7. A large white blood cell that surrounds and kills invading cells is
a/an ______________________ .
8. The cancer often associated with HIV is Kaposi’s ______________________ .
9. A specialist in diagnosing and treating malignant disorders such as tumors and cancer
is a/an ______________________ .
10. The lymph nodes located along the sides of the neck are the ______________________ nodes.
MATCHING
Write the letter of the correct answer on the line provided.
Column A Column B
_____ 11. chickenpox A. transmitted by infected animals
_____ 12. infectious mononucleosis B. may cause congenital abnormalities
_____ 13. rabies C. caused by the Epstein-Barr virus
_____ 14. rubella D. also known as shingles
_____ 15. herpes zoster E. also known as varicella
TRUE/FALSE
Write T for true or F for false.
_____ 16. Interferon is produced by T cells.
_____ 17. An allergen is an antigen that is capable of inducing an allergic response.
_____ 18. Antihistamines cause the symptoms of allergic reactions.
_____ 19. Synthetic interferon is used in the treatment of hepatitis C and in some cancers.
_____ 20. Hodgkin’s lymphoma is distinguished by the presence of Reed-Sternberg cells.
MULTIPLE CHOICE
_____ 21. Which type of medication is used as an immunosuppressant and as an antineoplastic?
A. corticosteroid B. cytotoxic C. immunosuppressant
_____ 22. Which type of tissue gives rise to a sarcoma?
A. connective tissue B. glands C. skin

134 Chapter 6
_____ 23. Which parasite is commonly transmitted from animals to humans through contact with feces?
A. toxoplasmosis B. malaria C. tuberculosis
_____ 24. Which term describes the role of the spleen in removing and destroying worn-out red blood cells?
A. hematopoietic B. hemolytic C. hemorrhagic
_____ 25. Which viral infection is characterized by parotid gland swelling?
A. rubella B. measles C. mumps

CHAPTER 6 SIMPLIFIED SYLLABUS QUIZ A

Name ___________________________________________ Date __________________ Class _______________
MULTIPLE CHOICE
______ 1. Which combining form means lymph glands?
A. lymph/o B. lymphaden/o C. lymphangi/o
______ 2. Which virus is commonly transmitted to humans through the saliva of an infected animal?
A. rubella B. West Nile virus C. rabies
______ 3. Which term describes a benign tumor made up of abnormal lymphatic vessels?
A. angioma B. lymphangioma C. lymphoma
______ 4. Which group of pathogens are one-celled microscopic organisms?
A. bacteria B. viruses C. fungi
______ 5. Which term means a malignant tumor that usually involves the upper shaft of long bones, the pelvis, or
knee?
A. osteosarcoma B. myosarcoma C. synovial sarcoma
______ 6. Which bacteria forms chains?
A. staphylococci B. spirochetes C. streptococci
______ 7. Which type of tumor is distinguished by Reed-Sternberg cells?
A. lymphangioma B. Hodgkin’s lymphoma C. non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma
______ 8. Which term means an abnormal enlargement of the spleen?
A. splenorrhagia B. splenomegaly C. splenitis
______ 9. Which term means a new cancer site that results from the spreading process ?
A. carcinoma B. metastasis C. metastasize
______ 10. Which is a group of proteins whose specialty is fighting viruses by slowing or stopping their
multiplication?
A. complement system B. interferons C. plasma cells
______ 11. Which term means a malignant tumor derived from muscle tissue?
A. myeloma B. myelosarcoma C. myosarcoma
______ 12. Which virus is characterized by fever, sore throat, and enlarged lymph nodes ?
A. infectious mononucleosis B. herpes zoster C. varicella
______ 13. Which virus causes the immune system to progressively fail?
A. mumps B. varicella C. human immunodeficiency
virus
______ 14. Which term describes a group of proteins that combine with antibodies to dissolve pathogens?
A. immunoglobulins B. complement system C. interferons
______ 15. Which term describes medication used to prevent the rejection of donor tissue?
A. antihistamine B. immunosuppressant C. immunotherapy
______ 16. Which type of medication inhibits growth or kills pathogenic microorganisms?
A. antibiotic B. antifungal C. antineoplastic
______ 17. Which term describes any substance that the body regards as foreign?
A. agglutinin B. antibody C. antigen

136 Chapter 6
______ 18. Which group of proteins is released primarily by T cells and acts as intracellular signals to begin the
immune response?
A. cytokines B. complement system C. macrophage
______ 19. Which of these diseases is caused by a parasite?
A. aspergillosis B. malaria C. moniliasis
______ 20. Which viral infection is commonly known as chickenpox?
A. cytomegalovirus B. herpes zoster C. varicella
______ 21. Which form of bacteria causes Lyme disease?
A. rickettsia B. spirochete C. staphylococci
______ 22. Which term describes any disease characterized by a condition in which the immune system produces
antibodies to work against its own tissues?
A. opportunistic infections B. autoimmune disorder C. lymphoma
______ 23. Which term is the verb describing the process by which cancer spreads from the primary site to a
secondary site?
A. metabolism B. metastasis C. metastasize
______ 24. Which term describes a plant or animal that lives on another living organism at the expense of that
organism?
A. yeast B. fungus C. parasite
______ 25. Which term means an abnormal accumulation of fluid in the tissues that occurs when lymph vessels do
not drain properly?
A. lipedema B. lymphedema C. lymphoma

CHAPTER 6 SIMPLIFIED SYLLABUS QUIZ B

Name ______________________________________ Date ____________________ Class _________________
FILL IN THE BLANK

Write the correct term on the line provided.
1. When the immune system is compromised, it is known as a/an ______________________ disorder.
2. The chain-forming bacteria that cause the severe pharyngitis known as a strep throat
are ______________________ .
3. The white blood cells that undergo maturation and differentiation so they can attack specific antigens
are known as ______________________ .
4. Breast cancer at its earliest stage is known as ductal ______________________ in situ.
5. A severe systemic allergic response in which the patient may die within minutes is known as
______________________ .
6. A drug that kills or damages cells is known as a/an ______________________ drug.
7. A large white blood cell that surrounds and kills invading cells is
a/an ______________________ .
8. The cancer often associated with HIV is Kaposi’s ______________________ .
9. Rod-shaped, spore-forming bacteria are called ______________________ .
10. The group of proteins known as the ______________________ system combine with antibodies to dissolve
and remove pathogenic bacteria.
MATCHING
Write the letter of the correct answer on the line provided.
Column A Column B
_____ 11. varicella A. transmitted by infected animals
_____ 12. influenza B. may cause congenital abnormalities
_____ 13. rabies C. also known as shingles
_____ 14. rubella D. also known as flu
_____ 15. herpes zoster E. also known as chickenpox
TRUE/FALSE
Write T for true or F for false.
_____ 16. Interferon is produced by T cells.
_____ 17. An allergen is an antigen that is capable of inducing an allergic response.
_____ 18. Immunoglobulins bind with plasma cells in the antigen-antibody response.
_____ 19. Teletherapy is the use of radioactive material in contact with the tissues being treated.
_____ 20. Hodgkin’s lymphoma is distinguished by the presence of Reed-Sternberg cells.
MULTIPLE CHOICE
_____ 21. Which type of medication is used as an immunosuppressant and as an antineoplastic?
A. corticosteroid B. cytotoxic C. immunosuppressant
_____ 22. Which examination technique is used to detect tumors and precancerous cells in breast tissue?
A. ELISA B. lymphoscintigraphy C. mammography

138 Chapter 6
_____ 23. Which parasite is commonly transmitted from animals to humans through contact with feces ?
A. toxoplasmosis B. malaria C. tuberculosis
_____ 24. Which term describes the role of the spleen in removing and destroying worn-out red blood cells ?
A. hematopoietic B. hemolytic C. hemorrhagic
_____ 25. Which term is a member of the herpes family of viruses and commonly presents itself as a silent
infection?
A. measles B. cytomegalovirus C. West Nile virus

CHAPTER 6 STANDARD SYLLABUS QUIZ

ANSWER KEYS
QUIZ A ANSWER KEY

1. C 6. A 11. C 16. C 21. B
2. B 7. A 12. B 17. C 22. A
3. B 8. B 13. B 18. A 23. C
4. B 9. C 14. B 19. B 24. A
5. B 10. B 15. B 20. C 25. B
QUIZ B ANSWER KEY

1. allergist 6. cytotoxic 11. E 16. T 21. B
2. streptococci 7. macrophage 12. C 17. T 22. A
3. lymphocytes 8. sarcoma 13. A 18. F 23. A
4. carcinoma 9. oncologist 14. B 19. T 24. B
5. anaphylaxis 10. cervical 15. D 20. T 25. C
CHAPTER 6 SIMPLIFIED SYLLABUS QUIZ

ANSWER KEYS
QUIZ A ANSWER KEY

1. B 6. C 11. C 16. A 21. B
2. C 7. B 12. A 17. C 22. B
3. B 8. B 13. C 18. A 23. C
4. A 9. B 14. B 19. B 24. C
5. A 10. B 15. B 20. C 25. B
QUIZ B ANSWER KEY

1. immunodeficiency 6. cytotoxic 11. E 16. T 21. B
2. streptococci 7. macrophage 12. D 17. T 22. C
3. lymphocytes 8. sarcoma 13. A 18. F 23. A
4. carcinoma 9. bacilli 14. B 19. F 24. B
5. anaphylaxis 10. complement 15. C 20. T 25. B

140 Chapter 6
CLASSROOM ACTIVITIES FOR CHAPTER 6

The activities for each chapter are different; however, many of these activities can also be adapted for other
chapters.
SPELLING BEE
This activity is a great way to make spelling practice more fun. Make a copy of the word list at the beginning of
this chapter in the textbook. The caller in a spelling bee usually begins with easier terms and progresses to
harder ones, so you will need to check off terms as you use them.
Divide the class into two teams lined up on either side of the classroom. Flip a coin to see which team will
be Team A.
Read a term and the definition of the term. Be sure to pronounce the words clearly and correctly.
The first learner in Team A repeats the word and spells it. If the spelling is correct, the learner goes to the
end of the line and the next word goes to the first learner in line in Team B.
If a spelling is incorrect, the learner is out and sits down. The first learner in line for the other team is then
given a chance to try the same word. This continues until someone gets the spelling of the term right.
The game is over when the list has been used up or when only one or two learners remain standing.
THE KNOWLEDGE BOWL GAME

This team activity, which is based on TV college bowl games, involves the entire class in a competition that is
excellent for testing students’ grasps of medical terminology.
Divide the class into three teams. Each team should appoint a captain or spokesperson.
When the game is played, two teams compete and the third team acts as the score keepers and audience.
The audience is expected to fully participate by applauding and trying to guess the answers. The teacher
usually acts as the game host.
The game host uses the list of 40 terms and definitions on the activity cards found at the end of this
document (Figures 6.1–6.6).
NOTE: Print the activity cards single-sided; then fold each page down the center with the printing on the
outside. Cut the cards apart, but do not cut along the folded edge. If you wish, you may glue or tape the blank
back sides of the folded cards together. As an alternative, the host may take the annotated vocabulary list
or flashcards and phrase the terms as questions.
A coin toss determines which team will be the audience in the first round and then which of the two
competing teams gets the first question.
The host draws an activity card at random and reads the definition, setting aside or marking off those that
have been used. Team members may confer to come up with the correct term. The team leader gives the
response. If the answer is right, the team is awarded 5 points.
If the answer is not correct, the team loses 5 points and the question goes to the other team. If this team
answers correctly, they win 5 points and the next question goes to them.
Scores are recorded on the board for all to see.
If neither team gets a question right, the game host gives the correct answer and goes back to the first team
with the next question.
The game is over when time is up or the moderator runs out of questions.

CHAPTER 6 CROSSWORD PUZZLE

142 Chapter 6
CHAPTER 6 CROSSWORD PUZZLE ANSWER KEY

CHAPTER 6 WORD SEARCH PUZZLE

144 Chapter 6
CHAPTER 6 WORD SEARCH PUZZLE ANSWER KEY

MEDICAL MYSTERY FOR CHAPTER 6
BAY STATE UNIVERSITY ONCOLOGY CLINIC

Name: Sandra L.
Age: 20
Height: 5 6
Weight: 145 pounds
Symptoms: exhaustion, rash, lump
on neck
HER STORY
Sandra is a sophomore at Bay State University. About a year ago, she began having constant fatigue. She would
nap during her breaks between classes but still felt tired. She figured that her busy schedule was wearing her
out. She was taking five classes, holding down a work-study job, and playing on the school tennis team. She then
developed a persistent itchiness over her entire body 3 months after the exhaustion began, and she often woke
up sweating at night.
Shortly afterward, Sandra noticed a small lump on her neck. She took to wearing turtleneck sweaters because
she was self-conscious about the lump. When the itch wouldn’t go away, she stopped pursuing a potential
relationship for fear that her new boyfriend would find it strange.
More concerned with the itch and the lump on her neck than her exhaustion, Sandra first went to see a
dermatologist. The dermatologist thought that Sandra had an infection, so she prescribed antibiotics and a
topical corticosteroid. When the itch failed to resolve, Sandra visited a nurse at the student health clinic. He was
very concerned about a second lump that had developed on her neck and immediately referred her to the
oncology department at the university hospital.
THE EVALUATION
Sandra was very upset at being sent to an oncologist and brought her roommate along for support. I explained to
them both that I was going to perform an examination and run some lab tests so that we could find out what was
making Sandra sick, and help her get better. I ordered a full spectrum of blood tests and a CT scan of her chest,
abdomen, and pelvis. I explained that I might also need to request a biopsy of the lump on her neck.
THE DIAGNOSIS
My suspicions were confirmed when Sandra’s blood tests came back positive. She was shocked when I
explained that she had Stage IIA Hodgkin’s lymphoma. She had never imagined that her itchiness and the lump
on her neck might be symptoms of cancer.
THE TREATMENT
I treated Sandra with four cycles of chemotherapy. This was followed by a course of radiation. Her cancer
reacted to these treatments well. If she remains cancer free for 2 years, she will be considered to be in
remission. Her hair did fall out due to the chemo treatments, and she was disappointed not to be able to
participate in athletic activities with her friends. Her family and friends provided a support network that helped
her get through this difficult period well.

146 Chapter 6
CASE CLOSED
Twelve months after the chemotherapy, Sandra is finally able to return to her pre-cancer life. She is back in
class and has slowly begun to exercise again. Next fall, she hopes to rejoin the tennis team. Her hair has come
back in full and curly, and she reports a renewed high level of self-confidence.
Discussion Questions
1. What is Hodgkin’s lymphoma?
2. Why were the antibiotics not effective in controlling Sandra’s condition?
3. What is a corticosteroid drug, which is prescribed by the dermatologist for the itchiness?
4. Part of the examination of Sandra was to determine whether her cancer had metastasized. What does
metastasize mean?

SOAP NOTE CHAPTER 6
Women’s Health Clinic 10/1/12 Reyna Vasquez, NP Patient: Patricia Fung
SUBJECTIVE
▪ Lump noted on breast self-examination
OBJECTIVE
▪ 43-year-old female
▪ Family history of breast cancer
▪ Lump noted in left breast during professional palpation of the breast
▪ Mammogram shows small lump in one location of the breast
ASSESSMENT
▪ Possible ductal carcinoma in situ
PLAN
▪ Schedule ultrasound
▪ Schedule needle breast biopsy and consult with oncologist if needed
Questions
1. Define mammography, and provide the word parts.
2. What is ductal carcinoma in situ?
3. Explain why Patricia Fung might need to meet with an oncologist based on the biopsy results.

148 Chapter 6
CASE STUDY FOR CHAPTER 6

BIOPSY OPERATIVE AND PATHOLOGY REPORT
Patient Name: Milly Wilm MR#: 123579
Date of Surgery: 12/09/09
Surgeon: R. Smart, M.D.
Preoperative Diagnosis: non-palpable, speculated [having uneven edges] mass seen on mammogram, possibly
abnormal.
Procedures Performed: wire-guided surgical biopsy, right breast.
Anesthesia: 1% Xylocaine
Indications: This is a 65-year-old female who recently had a mammogram that showed a focal abnormality in
the superior aspect of the right breast. Nothing is palpable; however, it is felt that this area should be removed
for evaluation. Prior to presenting to the Operating Room, the abnormality was localized with a Kopan’s wire
placed under mammogram guidance.
Description of Procedure: After routine prepping and draping, Xylocaine was infiltrated over the entry point
of the wire. The area localized with the wires was widely excised. Hemostasis was assured with electrocautery
and 3-0 Prolene sutures. The wound was closed with 3-0 Prolene and a subcuticular Monocryl. A light dressing
was applied, and the patient returned to the recovery room in satisfactory condition.
PATHOLOGY REPORT
Gross Examination: Specimen A. “Right breast biopsy.” Received fresh is a 2.5  2.7  2.0 cm portion of
fibroadipose tissue with a localization wire and needle. A radiograph is received with the specimen that
indicates “a nodule at the location of the needle.” This tissue is sectioned to reveal a 0.8  0.6  0.4 cm white
nodule with ill-defined borders. The nodule is within the surgical margin.
Microscopic Examination: The lesion is an infiltrating ductal carcinoma with clear surgical margins.
Diagnosis: Infiltrating ductal carcinoma.
Maximal Tumor Diameter: 0.8 cm.
Discussion Questions
1. In the preoperative diagnosis, the doctor refers to the mass as being nonpalpable. What is palpation of the
breast?
2. Since this tumor was too small to be detected with breast self-examination, the prognosis might have been
different if the patient had not had a routine mammogram. Give the word parts for the term mammography,
and define this procedure.
3. The patient is diagnosed as having infiltrating ductal carcinoma. How is this different from ductal
carcinoma in situ?
4. The procedure and purpose of this type of a needle breast biopsy and a sentinel-node biopsy are not the
same. What is a needle breast biopsy?

MEDICAL MYSTERY DISCUSSION QUESTIONS ANSWER KEY

1. Hodgkin’s lymphoma is a type of cancer that affects the lymphoid tissues.
2. Antibiotics are medications that are capable of inhibiting growth or killing pathogenic bacterial
microorganisms. Cancer is not caused by bacteria.
3. A corticosteroid drug is a hormonelike preparation administered primarily as an anti-inflammatory and
as an immunosuppressant.
4. Metastasize refers to the cancer spreading from one place to another. If the Hodgkin’s had metastasized, it
would mean that this cancer had spread from the lymphoid tissues to another body system.
SOAP NOTE ANSWER KEY

1. Mammography is a radiographic examination of the breasts to detect the presence of tumors or
precancerous cells (mamm/o means breast, and -graphy means the process of producing a picture or
record).
2. Ductal carcinoma in situ is breast cancer in its earliest stage before the cancer has broken through the wall
of the milk duct.
3. An oncologist is a physician specializing in diagnosing and treatment of malignant disorders such as tumors
and cancer.
CASE STUDY DISCUSSION QUESTIONS

ANSWER KEY
1. Professional palpation of the breast, which is performed as a part of an annual physical, is an important
part of early detection of breast cancer. Palpation is an examination technique in which the examiner’s
hands are used to detect lumps and to feel the texture, size, and consistency of the breast. Breast self-
examination is the routine palpation of the breast by the patient to look for irregularities and changes. In
this case, however, the tumor was too small to be detected in this manner by either the doctor or the
patient.
2. Mammography is a radiographic examination of the breasts to detect the presence of tumors or
precancerous cells (mamm/o means breast, and -graphy means the process of producing a picture or
record).
3. Ductal carcinoma in situ is breast cancer at its earliest stage before the cancer has broken through the
wall of the milk duct. Infiltrating ductal carcinoma starts in the milk duct, breaks through the wall of that
duct, and invades the fatty breast tissue.
4. A needle breast biopsy is used to remove small samples of tissue from the breast for testing. A sentinel-
node biopsy is a biopsy of the first lymph nodes in the axilla (armpit region) that drain from the area of the
breast found to have cancer. After the sentinel lymph node has been identified, only this and the other
affected nodes removed for biopsy. If the cancer has not spread, this spares the remaining nodes in that
group.

150 Chapter 6
FIGURE 6.1 Activity Cards for Lymphatic and Immune Systems
The advanced stages of human

acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
immunodeficiency virus infection; AIDS
A substance capable of causing an allergic

allergen
reaction
A severe response to an allergen such as a drug,

anaphylaxis food, insect venom, or chemical; systemic
reaction
antigen Any substance that the body regards as foreign
Medication used to treat viral infections or to

antiviral drug
provide temporary immunity
axillary lymph nodes Lymph nodes located under the arms
bacilli Rod-shaped spore-forming bacteria

The use of radioactive materials in contact

brachytherapy
with or implanted into the tissues to be treated
A malignant tumor that occurs in epithelial

carcinoma
tissue
A member of the herpes viruses group that is

cytomegalovirus
most often present as a silent infection
cytotoxic drug Medication that kills or damages cells
The acronym for enzyme-linked

ELISA immunosorbent assay, a blood test used to
screen for the presence of HIV antibodies
An acute viral infection characterized by

herpes zoster painful skin eruptions that follow the underlying
route of the inflamed nerve; shingles
The form of lymphoma distinguished by the

Hodgkin's lymphoma presence of large cancerous lymphocytes
known as Reed-Sternberg cells

152 Chapter 6
A bloodborne infection that invades and

human immunodeficiency virus progressively damages or kills cells of the
immune system
A condition that occurs when one or more

immunodeficiency disorder
parts of the immune system is compromised
A medication that prevents or reduces the

immunosuppressant body's normal reactions to invasion by disease
or by foreign tissues
An infection caused by the Epstein-Barr virus

infectious mononucleosis and characterized by fever, a sore throat, and
enlarged lymph nodes
inguinal lymph nodes Lymph nodes located in the groin
A family of proteins produced by the T cells

that activate the immune system, fight viruses by
interferons
slowing or stopping their multiplication, and signal
other cells to increase their defenses
An opportunistic infection frequently

Kaposi's sarcoma associated with HIV that may affect the skin
and mucous membranes

A major class of white blood cells that play an

lymphocytes
important role in the immune reaction
A general term for any malignant tumor made

lymphoma
up of lymphoid tissue
A cell that protects the body by eating

macrophage
invading cells
The verb describing the process by which

metastasize
cancer spreads from one place to another
myoma A benign tumor made up of muscle tissue
myosarcoma A malignant tumor derived from muscle tissue
All lymphomas other than Hodgkin’s

non-Hodgkin's lymphoma
lymphoma

154 Chapter 6
The study of the prevention, causes, and

oncology
treatment of tumors and cancer
A malignant tumor usually involving the upper

osteosarcoma
shaft of long bones, the pelvis, or knee
A plant or animal that lives on or within

parasite another living organism at the expense of the
host organism
pathogen A microorganism that causes a disease
A white blood cell with the ability to ingest

phagocyte and destroy substances such as cell debris
and pathogens
Lymphoid tissue located on the left and right

tonsils
sides of the throat

The process of destroying pathogens by

phagocytosis
surrounding and swallowing them
An acute viral infection most commonly

rabies transmitted by the bite or saliva of an infected
animal
A malignant tumor that arises from connective

sarcoma
tissue
Spiral-shaped bacteria that have flexible walls

spirochetes
and are capable of movement
Radiation therapy administered at a distance

teletherapy
from the body
varicella Also known as chickenpox

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Medical Terminology for Health

Professions 7th Edition Ehrlich

THE LYMPHATIC AND IMMUNE SYSTEMS

PERSONAL RESPONSE DEVICE QUESTIONS

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TIPS FOR USING CLASSROOM QUIZZES

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CHAPTER 6 STANDARD SYLLABUS QUIZ A

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______ 18. Which term describes an inflammation of the lymph nodes?

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CHAPTER 6 STANDARD SYLLABUS QUIZ B

FILL IN THE BLANK

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CHAPTER 6 SIMPLIFIED SYLLABUS QUIZ A

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Copyright © 2013 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

CHAPTER 6 SIMPLIFIED SYLLABUS QUIZ B

FILL IN THE BLANK

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CHAPTER 6 STANDARD SYLLABUS QUIZ

QUIZ A ANSWER KEY

QUIZ B ANSWER KEY

CHAPTER 6 SIMPLIFIED SYLLABUS QUIZ

QUIZ A ANSWER KEY

QUIZ B ANSWER KEY

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CLASSROOM ACTIVITIES FOR CHAPTER 6

THE KNOWLEDGE BOWL GAME

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CHAPTER 6 CROSSWORD PUZZLE

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CHAPTER 6 CROSSWORD PUZZLE ANSWER KEY

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CHAPTER 6 WORD SEARCH PUZZLE

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CHAPTER 6 WORD SEARCH PUZZLE ANSWER KEY

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MEDICAL MYSTERY FOR CHAPTER 6

BAY STATE UNIVERSITY ONCOLOGY CLINIC

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SOAP NOTE CHAPTER 6

Women’s Health Clinic 10/1/12 Reyna Vasquez, NP Patient: Patricia Fung

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CASE STUDY FOR CHAPTER 6

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MEDICAL MYSTERY DISCUSSION QUESTIONS ANSWER KEY

SOAP NOTE ANSWER KEY

CASE STUDY DISCUSSION QUESTIONS

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FIGURE 6.1 Activity Cards for Lymphatic and Immune Systems

The advanced stages of human

A substance capable of causing an allergic

A severe response to an allergen such as a drug,

antigen Any substance that the body regards as foreign

Medication used to treat viral infections or to

axillary lymph nodes Lymph nodes located under the arms

bacilli Rod-shaped spore-forming bacteria

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FIGURE 6.2 Activity Cards for Lymphatic and Immune Systems