Andrew Heilborn

Math 31 - Charles Albright

September 21st - 25th 2022
Question 1 Find the area of the region bound by
y = x2 (1 − x)(2 + x)
y = x4 − x2 + 2x3 − 2x
First, graph both equations, finding all points of interest. (Intersections with 0, and
intersections with each other)
A ⇒ y = x2 (1 − x)(2 + x)
= 2x2 + x3 − 2x3 − x4
= −x4 − x3 + 2x2
x-intercepts of equation A: (0,0), (1,0), (-2,0)
even graph, opens downward
B ⇒ y = x4 − x2 + 2x3 − 2x
= x(x3 + 2x2 − x − 2)
= x(x + 1)(x − 1)(x + 2)
x-intercepts of equation B: (0,0), (-1,0), (1,0), (-2,0)
even graph, opens upward
−x4 − x3 + 2x2 = x4 − x2 + 2x3 − 2x
0 = 2x4 + 3x3 − 3x2 − 2x
0 = x(2x3 + 3x2 − 3x − 2)
0 = x(2x + 1)(x − 1)(x + 2)
graph intersections: (-2,0), 9
(− 12 , 16 ), (0,0), (1,0)
Graph:
4 y

x
−4 −2 2 4

−2

−4

The area is equal to the integral of A minus B between -2 and − 21 , the integral of B
minus A between − 12 and 0, and the integral of A minus B between 0 and 1.
Z −1 Z 0 Z 1
2
A−B+ B−A+ A−B
−2 − 12 0

Page 1
 Andrew Heilborn
Math 31 - Charles Albright
September 21st - 25th 2022
Z − 12
[−x4 − x3 + 2x2 ] − [x4 − x2 + 2x3 − 2x]dx+
−2
Z 0
[x4 − x2 + 2x3 − 2x] − [−x4 − x3 + 2x2 ]dx+
− 12
Z 1
[−x4 − x3 + 2x2 ] − [x4 − x2 + 2x3 − 2x]dx
0
R −1
−2
2
A−B
Z − 21
[−x4 − x3 + 2x2 ] − [x4 − x2 + 2x3 − 2x]dx
−2

( −1 )5 ( −1 )4 2( −1
  −1 5
)3 ( −1 )4 ( −1 )3
 
1 2 2 2
(2) 2 2 −1 2
x=− ⇒ − − + − + − −( )
2 5 4 3 5 2 3 2
             
−1 1 1 1 −1 1 −1 1 1 1 −1 1 1
=− · − · +2 · − · − · + · +
32 5 16 4 8 3 32 5 16 2 8 3 4
1 1 2 1 1 1 1
= − − + − − +
160 64 24 160 32 24 4
2 3 4 1
= − − +
160 64 24 4
4 15 80 4
= − + −
320 320 320 24
69 4
= −
320 24
207 160
= −
960 960
47
=
960
Z − 12
[−x4 − x3 + 2x2 ] − [x4 − x2 + 2x3 − 2x]dx
−2

(−2)5 (−2)4 2(−2)3 (−2)5 (−2)4 (−2)3

   
2
x = −2 ⇒ − − + − + − − (−2)
5 4 3 5 2 3
−32 16 2 · −8 −32 16 −8
=− − + − − − −4
5 4 3 5 2 3
64 48 16 8
=− − − + −4
5 4 3 3
768 720 320 160 240
− − + −
60 60 60 60 60
828 1280
−
60 60

Page 2
 Andrew Heilborn
Math 31 - Charles Albright
September 21st - 25th 2022
−452
60
−7232
960
− 12
−7232
Z
47 47 7232 7279
A−B = − = + =
−2 960 960 960 960 960
R0
− 12
B−A
Z 0
[x4 − x2 + 2x3 − 2x] − [−x4 − x3 + 2x2 ]dx
− 21

x=0⇒0+0−0−0−0−0+0=0
( −1
( −1 )4 ( −1
  −1 5
)5 )3 ( −1 )4 2( −1 )3
 
1 2 2 2 −1 2 (2) 2 2
x=− ⇒ − + −( ) − − − +
2 5 2 3 2 5 4 3
             
−1 1 1 1 −1 1 1 −1 1 1 1 −2 1
= · − · + · − + · + · − ·
32 5 16 2 8 3 4 32 5 16 4 8 3
1 1 1 1 1 1 2
=− − − − − + +
160 32 24 4 160 64 24
47 1 1
=− + +
160 24 64
282 40 15
=− + +
960 960 960
227
=−
960
Z 0
−227 227
B−A=0− =
− 21 960 960
R1
0
A−B
Z 1
[−x4 − x3 + 2x2 ] − [x4 − x2 + 2x3 − 2x]dx
0

(1)5 (1)4 2(1)3

  5
(1)4 (1)3
 
(1) 2
x=1⇒ − − + − + − − (1)
5 4 3 5 2 3
1 1 2 1 1 1
− − + − − + +1
5 4 3 5 2 3
192 240 640 192 480 320 960
− − + − − + +
960 960 960 960 960 960 960
816
960
x=0⇒0+0−0−0−0−0+0=0
Z 1
816 816
A−B = −0=
0 960 960

Page 3
 Andrew Heilborn
Math 31 - Charles Albright
September 21st - 25th 2022
Z − 12 Z 0 Z 1
A−B+ B−A+ A−B
−2 − 12 0

7279 227 816

= + +
960 960 960
8322
=
960
1387
= 160

107
=8+
160

Page 4
 Andrew Heilborn
Math 31 - Charles Albright
September 21st - 25th 2022
Question 2 Find the area of the region bound by:
y = arcsin(x)
y = arccos(x)
y=0
First, graph all equations. These are relatively simple equations.

A ⇒ y = arcsin(x)

B ⇒ y = arccos(x)
C⇒y=0

1 y arcsin(x)
arccos(x)
y=0
0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2

x
−0.2 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1

−0.2

h
o
x
a

1
arcsin(x) = sin−1 (x) =
sin(x)

arcsin(x) = arccos(x)
1 1
=
sin(x) cos(x)
12 + 12 = (2x)2

Page 5
 Andrew Heilborn
Math 31 - Charles Albright
September 21st - 25th 2022
2 = (2x)2
√
2 = 2x
√
2
=x
2
√
2
arcsin(x) and arccos(x) cross when x = 2
. Therefore, the area underneath this curve is
split into two parts:
√
2
Z
2
Z 1
A − Cdx + √ B − Cdx
2
0 2

C is always 0, because it’s just y = 0. Therefore, the integral can be rewritten as:
√
2
Z
2
Z 1
Adx + √ Bdx
2
0 2

which translates to: √

2
Z
2
Z 1
arcsin(x)dx + √ arccos(x)dx
2
0 2

Looking up the formula for the integral of arcsin and arccos shows:
Z √
arcsin(x)dx = x(arcsin(x)) + 1 − x2 + C
Z √
arccos(x)dx = x(arccos(x)) − 1 − x2 + C
R √2
0
arcsin(x)dx
2

 
√ ! √ !! u √ !2
v
 
2 2 2 
u q
2
= arcsin + t1 −  − (0) (arcsin (0)) + 1 − (0)

2 2 2

√ √ ! √ 2
s
2 2 2 √
= arcsin + 1− 2 − 1
2 2 2
√ r
2 π 2
= · + 1− −1
2 4 4
√ √
π 2 2
= + −1
8 2
√ √
π 2 2
+ −1
8 2
R √1
2 arccos(x)dx
2

Page 6
 Andrew Heilborn
Math 31 - Charles Albright
September 21st - 25th 2022

 
√ ! √ !! u √ !2
v
 
2 2 2 
q u
2
= (1) (arccos (1)) − 1 − (1) −  arccos − t1 −

2 2 2


√ √ !! r
2 2 1
= arccos(1) − arccos + 1−
2 2 2
√ r
π 2 π 1
= − · +
4 2 4 2
√ √
π π 2 2
= − +
4 8 2
A+B " √ √ # " √ √ #
π 2 2 π π 2 2
+ −1 + − +
8 2 4 8 2
√ √ √ √
π 2 2 π π 2 2
+ −1+ − +
8 2 4 8 2
√
2 2 π
−1+
2 4
√ π
2+ −1
4
√ π
2+ 4
−1

≈ 1.1996

Page 7
 Andrew Heilborn
Math 31 - Charles Albright
September 21st - 25th 2022

Question 3 The base of a solid is the region enclosed by y = x − x2 and the x axis. If
cross-sections of the solid perpendicular to the y axis are quarter circles, then find the volume
of the solid.

2
−2
2
−2

Page 8