Professional Documents
Culture Documents
信摩诃亚拉达亚传记
信摩诃亚拉达亚传记
t&Sifr[m&|om& t|KyÜwåd
ESifh
ukd;cPf;ysKdUpHcsdef
t0acwf uAsmppfyGJBuD;
&SifoDv0HoESifh&Sif&|om&yk*¾KdvfausmfESpfyg;
EIdif;,SOfcsuf
q&mrmC
&efukefNrdKU
trSwf-139/141? vrf;-50
*E¨rmpmykHESdyfwkduf
1957-ck/
t&Sifr[m&|om&\t|KyÜwådESifh...
ebook is created by www.ShanYoma.Org
r[moHC&mZm(omoemydkif)
t&Sifr[m&|om& t|KyÜwåd
1
t&Sifr[m&|om&\t|KyÜwådESifh...
ebook is created by www.ShanYoma.Org
3
t&Sifr[m&|om&\t|KyÜwådESifh...
ebook is created by www.ShanYoma.Org
4
t&Sifr[m&|om&\t|KyÜwådESifh...
ebook is created by www.ShanYoma.Org
5
t&Sifr[m&|om&\t|KyÜwådESifh...
ebook is created by www.ShanYoma.Org
6
t&Sifr[m&|om&\t|KyÜwådESifh...
ebook is created by www.ShanYoma.Org
9
t&Sifr[m&|om&\t|KyÜwådESifh...
ebook is created by www.ShanYoma.Org
10
t&Sifr[m&|om&\t|KyÜwådESifh...
ebook is created by www.ShanYoma.Org
11
t&Sifr[m&|om&\t|KyÜwådESifh...
ebook is created by www.ShanYoma.Org
a&Teef;aMumh&Sifbk&ife&ywdvufxuf 885-ck(oufawmf 55
ESpf)wGif udk;cPf;ysKdUudk tqkH;owfa&;pyfawmfrlNyD;aMumif; od&onf/
(]]tpGef;ig;ck-y-Ekd;eefYESvkH;rajymif;wnf;}}[laom udk;cPf;ed*kH;udk
axmufav)
886-ckwGif a&Teef;aMumh&Sifbk&ife&ywdtm; rkd;n§if;apmfbGm;
pvkHESifhjynfbk&ifowkd;rif;acgifwkdYu yl;aygif;wkdufckdufav&m a&Teef;
aMumh&Sifvnf; ta&;awmfromojzifh aejynfawmfrS a&SmifcGgawmfrl&
avonf/ þum;-t0a&TNrdKUawmf yXrtBudrfysufjcif;aywnf;/ xkdESpf
wGifyif jynfbk&ifonf &Sif&|om&tm; t0rSjynfokdY yifhaqmifjyef
oGm;av\/ &Sif&|om&onf jynfokdY rvkdufygrD wynfhrsm;xHrS ukd;
cPf;pmrludk awmif;,l&m 8-cPf;om &awmh\/ Zmwfaygif;cPf;
aysmufaeavawmhonf/ jynfodkY a&mufawmfrlí (]]*-i,fokH;ck-OoQpf
xk}}[laomqkd&kd;t& 'kwd,tBudrf t0jynfBuD; ysufpD;wdrf;,drf;aom)
888 ckt0ifwGif Zmwfaygif;cPf;udk xyfrHa&;om;í NyD;pD;avonf/
okH;ESpfwkdifaysmufqkH;aeaom Zmwfaygif;udkvnf; ppfudkif;&Sdwynfhrsm;
xHrS jyefí &av\/ (xkdtaMumif;rsm;udk ]]Ak'¨aCmom...ay...bkef;
awmf twkrJhawmif;wnf;}}[laom udk;cPf;ed*kH;t& od&ayonf)
jynfNrdKUodkYa&mufawmfrl&mwGif owkd;rif;apmu ykxdk;ausmif;
awmifcGifausmif; rif;wkef;ausmif;wkdYudk wifvSLawmfrlavonf/ om
oemydkif(oHC&mZm)tjzpfvnf; wifajr§mufawmfrlonf/ a&TqHawmf
bk&m;\ajrmufzuf&Sd xD;jzL&kHausmif;BuD;ESifhwjyufom ausmif;wkdYudk
vnf; xyfí vSLawmfrlonf/ tdyfzefapmifh xrf;pifxrf;ç 0wfcsufç
xD;pGJç a&cyfuRefpaom tpkrsm;udk vSLawmfrlonfhjyif ypönf;av;yg;
tokH;taqmifrSpí vkdavao;r&Sd vSLawmfrlavonf/ (]]qifjzLocif
...y...ig;ausmif;xyf\}}[laom tokH;udk axmufav)
12
t&Sifr[m&|om&\t|KyÜwådESifh...
ebook is created by www.ShanYoma.Org
13
t&Sifr[m&|om&\t|KyÜwådESifh...
ebook is created by www.ShanYoma.Org
14
t&Sifr[m&|om&\t|KyÜwådESifh...
ebook is created by www.ShanYoma.Org
&Sif&|om& jyKpkcJhaom
uAsmpmayrsm;pm&if;
(1)bl&d'wfvuFmBuD;
(2)bl&d'wfZmwfaygif;ysKdU
(3)pwk"r®om&ysKdU
(4)oH0&ysKdU
(5)*rÇDom&ysKdU
(6)wHwm;OD;wnf r*FvmapwDarmfuGef;(Mum;ydrfhewf&Sif-csD)
(7)¤if;-armfuGef;(32 yg;csD)
(8)ykHawmifEkdifarmfuGef;
(9)0wf&kHausmif;bGJYarmfuGef;
(10)r*FvmatmifyGJawmf &J&nfwufarmfuGef;
(11)&wemyl&NrdKUwnfarmfuGef;
(12)rdw¬dvmuefawmfbGJYarmfuGef;
(13)a&TpufawmfoGm;awmvm;vuFm
(14)yg'eufoefvuFm
(15)qkH;rpmvuFmwkdrsm;
15
t&Sifr[m&|om&\t|KyÜwådESifh...
ebook is created by www.ShanYoma.Org
(16)arwåmpmrsm;
(17)&wkrsm;«r,fbGJY&wkç &mZ0owDcPf;&wkç bk&m;wkdif&wkç udk,f
&nfaoG;&wkç 0efawmifvnfodkY tar;&wkç oHa0*&wkrSpí trsm;yif
&Sdonf/»
16
t&Sifr[m&|om&\t|KyÜwådESifh...
ebook is created by www.ShanYoma.Org
udk;cPf;ysKdUpHcsdef
avmuü tusKd;[lorQudk jzpfaponfhtaMumif;[lorQonf
(1)taMumif;zsm;ESifh(2)taMumif;&if; [lí tenf;qkH; ESpfrsKd;rQ&Sdwwf
Muavonf/ (1)taMumif;zsm;[lonf omrntaMumif;rsKd; tay:,H
taMumif;rsKd;aywnf;/ (2)taMumif;&if;[lonfum; ta&;BuD;aom t
aMumif;rsKd;ç tajccHjzpfaom taMumif;rsKd;aywnf;/
jrefrmuAsmpmayavmu\taumif;qkH;pHcsdeftjzpfjzifh¤if;? &Sif
&|om&\uAsmpmay[lorQwkdYwGif taumif;qkH;pHcsdeftjzpfjzifh¤if; rSwf
,lxkdufvSayaom udk;cPf;ysKdUudk pyfqkd&jcif;\taMumif;wkdYonfvnf;
(1)taMumif;zsm;ESifh(2)taMumif;&if;[lí 2 rsKd;yif&Sdukef\/
&Sifr[m&|om&onf udk;cPf;ysKdU(ac:-[w¬dygvysKdU)udk pyf
qkdawmfrrlrD [w¬dygvZmwfawmfudk a[mMum;awmfrlaMumif;? xkdtcg
'kwd,bk&ifrif;acgifu xkdZmwfawmfudk uAsmjzifh zGJYqkdyg&ef awmif;
yefawmfrlaMumif; ponfwkdYudk udk;cPf;ysKdUed*kH;ü &Sif&|om&udk,fwkdif
az:jyxm;avonf/
(þonfwdkYum; taMumif;zsm;wkdYomjzpfukef\/ omrnt
aMumif;wkdYom jzpfukef\/ odomxif&Sm;aom taMumif;wkdYom jzpf
ukef\/)
udk;cPf;ysKdUudk pyfqkd&jcif;\taMumif;&if;udk &Sif&|om&ukd,f
wkdif az:jyawmf rrlcJhavaomaMumifh tvGefyif wdrfjr§Kyfvsuf&Sdav
onf/ xkdtaMumif;&if;udk um,uH&Sifuomr[kwf tjcm;rnfolurQ
vnf; az:jyawmfrrlcJhMuacs/ xkdYaMumifh tvGefyif wdrfjr§Kyfvsuf&Sdav
awmhonf/ rxif&Sm;bJ &Sdavawmhonf/
17
t&Sifr[m&|om&\t|KyÜwådESifh...
ebook is created by www.ShanYoma.Org
&Sif&|om&\b0jzpfpOfukd¤if;? &Sif&|om&\pmayrsm;udk¤if;?
&Sif&|om&acwf\tajctaeESifhxkdacwfay: tjcm;pmayrsm;udk¤if; avh
vmum txyfxyfawG;awm qifjcifygrl xkdtaMumif;&if;udk aumif;
pGmodjrifEdkifayvdrfhrnf/ uREfkyfwkdY odjrifrdorQum; qkdvwHhaompum;
rsm;twkdif;aywnf;/
1/ a&S;tcgu Am&mPoDjynfü 1/ t0NrdKUawmfü 'kwd,rif;acgif
{okum&Drnfaom rif;BuD; rif; (842-863)[k xif&Sm;aomrif;-
jyKawmfrl\/ rif;jyK\/
2/ xkdrif;BuD;ü i,fpOfuyif 2/ 'kwd,rif;acgifESifh"r®ygv t
cspfuRrf;0ifcJhaom yka&m[dwf rwfwkdYonf i,fpOfuyifcspfuRrf;
ykefPm;BuD;wOD; &Sd\/ 0ifcJh[efwl\/
18
t&Sifr[m&|om&\t|KyÜwådESifh...
ebook is created by www.ShanYoma.Org
[lí rxGef;um;ao;acs/
4/ rif;BuD;u oifhom;&aomf 4/ aemf&xmu "r®ygvtm;-oifh
ighom;jyKygtHh-ighom;&aomf om;&vQif ighom;uJhodkY arG;tHh[k
oifhom;jyKtHh(rnfolu om;&- uwdjyKcJhbl;[efwlonf/ (aemuf
& udk,fhom;uJhodkY rSwftHh-[lvkd) armifarmuftm; arG;pm;onfudk
axmufav/
5/ xkdYaemuf ykefPm;BuD;ü [w¬d 5/ aemf&xmonf 837-ckü om;
ygvpaom om;av;a,muf&av wOD;&av\/ aemf&xm\crnf;
onf/ awmfjynfpkefrif;eef;wufonfh830
wGif "r®ygvtrwfonfvnf;(&Sif
&|om&jzpfvwHhaom)om;udk&av
\/
6/ rif;BuD;r&SdvQif xD;eef;quf 6/ &Sif&|om&jzpfvwHhaomarmif
cHaprnfhoabmESifh(xD;eef;rquf armuf 8 ESpfom;wGif rdbwkdYu
cHrD &aoh &[ef; jyKroGm;&av 'kwd,rif;acgifjzpfrnfhtdrfa&SUrif;
atmif)qifxdef;jrif;xdef;wkdYxHtyf xHarG;pm;&ef tyfESHMuav\/ xkdY
ESHxm;avonf/ aMumifh]]rif;acgif'kwd,? wkdYarG;z
19
t&Sifr[m&|om&\t|KyÜwådESifh...
ebook is created by www.ShanYoma.Org
vQif}}[kudk;cPf;ed*kH;ü pyfonf/
xD;eef;qufcHap&efr&nf&G,faomf
vnf; &[ef;rjzpfygu BuD;rm;
aomNrdKUpm;&Gmpm; &mxl;wckckcsD;
jr§ifhrnf[k&nf&G,f[ef &Sdonf/
¤if;jyif &Sif&[ef;rjyKygESifh[krif;
acgifu rwm;aomfvnf; rdcif
&if;ç bcif&if;wkdYu wm;Muao;
onf[k xif&\/ tjcm; om;
a,mufsm; &Sd[efrwl/
7/ [w¬dygvpaom nDaemifwkdY 7/ armifarmufonf &EdkifcGifh &Sd
onf rif;rjyKMubJ &aohjyKMuav aom avmuD&mxl;pnf;pdrfwkdYudk
\/ pGefYvTwfí &[ef;jyKawmfrlav&m
xif&Sm;aom pmqkdawmfBuD;tjzpf
odkY qkdufa&mufawmfrlav\/
þodkYvQif&Sif&|om&onf rdrd\b0jzpfpOfESifh¤if;rdrd\(yXr)
crnf;awmfç r,fawmf ('kwd,)crnf;awmfç r,fawmfwkdY\b0jzpfpOf
20
t&Sifr[m&|om&\t|KyÜwådESifh...
ebook is created by www.ShanYoma.Org
21
t&Sifr[m&|om&\t|KyÜwådESifh...
ebook is created by www.ShanYoma.Org
22
t&Sifr[m&|om&\t|KyÜwådESifh...
ebook is created by www.ShanYoma.Org
23
t&Sifr[m&|om&\t|KyÜwådESifh...
ebook is created by www.ShanYoma.Org
24
t&Sifr[m&|om&\t|KyÜwådESifh...
ebook is created by www.ShanYoma.Org
t0acwf-uAsmppfyGJBuD;
(txufyg acgif;pOftwkdif; ol&d,owif;pm? 28 ESpfajrmuf
1939 ck? Zlvkdifv 4 &ufaeYxkwf ol&d,ESpfvnftxl;pmapmifü
uREkfyfwkdY a&;om;cJhonfhaqmif;yg;udk oifhavsmfatmif jyifqifjznfhpGuf
Ekwfy,frIrsm;udk jyKum xyfrHazmfjyvkdufygonf/)
þtcPf;ü t|KyÜwådrsm;udk &Snfvsm;pGm a&;om;az:jy&ef
r&nf&G,fyg/ t|KyÜwåd tus,foufoufudkrl &SifoDv0HotwGuf? &Sif
OwårausmfESifhckHawmfarmifusbrf;pmtkyfü¤if;? &Sifr[m&|om&twGuf
rkdif;cdkif;NrdKUpm; eef;rawmf0efrif; OD;&efpD&ifaom &Sifr[m&|om&ax&k
yÜwåduxmü¤if; Munfh&IEkdifygonf/
tjzpftysuftrSefudk odap&ef tNydKiftqkdif a&;om;aom
uAsmpmayrsm;\tmabmfudk rdatmif zrf;jy&ef xkdESpfyg;aompmqkdBuD;
wkdY\pGrf;&nfrsm;ç trSeftwkdif; ay:&ef [laom t"du&nf&G,fcsuf
rsm;jzifh þaqmif;yg;udk a&;om;ygrnf/
usrf; wwfr oGif;
uAsm0d'l? yg&*lyk*¾Kdvf? pmqkdynm&SdBuD; ESpfyg;wkdYtm; jrefrm
jynf\omoem0if q&mpOfpmwwfpm&if;ü xnfhoGif;jcif; rjyKrvkyf
bJ y,fxkwfjcif;cH&onfrSm 0rf;enf;p&m tcsufBuD;w&yfaywnf;/
xkdtaMumif;udk omoemvuFm&pmwrf;? omoe0HoyÜ'Dydum ponf
wkdYü az:jyvsuf&Sdukef\/ pifppftm;jzifh usrf;*efrusejcif;? usrf;*ef
roifbl;jcif;? rESHYpyfjcif;wdkYaMumifh oGwfoGif;jcif; jyK[efrwl/ ]]uAsm
q&m}}[laom twef;tpm;ukdyif pmwwfpm&if; toGif;cH&aomyk*¾Kdvf
BuD;rsm;\twef;tpm;odkY r0ifxkduf[koabmxm;Mu[efwlonf/ ¤if;
25
t&Sifr[m&|om&\t|KyÜwådESifh...
ebook is created by www.ShanYoma.Org
26
t&Sifr[m&|om&\t|KyÜwådESifh...
ebook is created by www.ShanYoma.Org
27
t&Sifr[m&|om&\t|KyÜwådESifh...
ebook is created by www.ShanYoma.Org
28
t&Sifr[m&|om&\t|KyÜwådESifh...
ebook is created by www.ShanYoma.Org
29
t&Sifr[m&|om&\t|KyÜwådESifh...
ebook is created by www.ShanYoma.Org
30
t&Sifr[m&|om&\t|KyÜwådESifh...
ebook is created by www.ShanYoma.Org
31
t&Sifr[m&|om&\t|KyÜwådESifh...
ebook is created by www.ShanYoma.Org
32
t&Sifr[m&|om&\t|KyÜwådESifh...
ebook is created by www.ShanYoma.Org
34
t&Sifr[m&|om&\t|KyÜwådESifh...
ebook is created by www.ShanYoma.Org
36
t&Sifr[m&|om&\t|KyÜwådESifh...
ebook is created by www.ShanYoma.Org
37
t&Sifr[m&|om&\t|KyÜwådESifh...
ebook is created by www.ShanYoma.Org
38
t&Sifr[m&|om&\t|KyÜwådESifh...
ebook is created by www.ShanYoma.Org
39
t&Sifr[m&|om&\t|KyÜwådESifh...
ebook is created by www.ShanYoma.Org
40
t&Sifr[m&|om&\t|KyÜwådESifh...
ebook is created by www.ShanYoma.Org
41
t&Sifr[m&|om&\t|KyÜwådESifh...
ebook is created by www.ShanYoma.Org
42
t&Sifr[m&|om&\t|KyÜwådESifh...
ebook is created by www.ShanYoma.Org
43
t&Sifr[m&|om&\t|KyÜwådESifh...
ebook is created by www.ShanYoma.Org
EIdif;,SOfcsuf
&SifoDv0HopGrf;&nf
þyk*¾KdvfBuD; 2-yg;wkdYtm; (1)avmuaMumif; (2)&mZaMumif;
(3)"r®aMumif; 3-rsKd;wkdYudk rlcHxm;í EIdif;,SOfaomf &SifoDv0Hoonf
"r®aMumif;pmbufukdom tm;BuD;Edkifeif;awmfrl\/
]]a&Tawmifrm;rm;? a&TvdyfwGm;odkY}}ponfjzifh udk,fawmfwkdifpyf
qkdonfhtwkdif; pyf[yfpDukH;orQonf w&m;usrf;*efESifhvGwfonfr&Sd?
w&m;usrf;*efwnf;[laom ]]a&TawmifBuD;}}udk uAsmÓPfwnf;[laom
]]&ifbwfjyif}}jzifh rvGwfwef;pyfqkdawmfrlEkdif\[lvkd/ (q&mBuD;OD;0ZD&
þtwkdif; rdefYbl;\)/
xkdYaMumifh pnfBuD;oHESifhvnf; yrmay;Muonf(pnfBuD;oHum;
om,memaysmfbG,fr&SdvSç ta0;odkYaygufMum;atmif eufeJonf[lvkd)
om,memaysmfbG,f r&SdvSjcif;onf uAsmynm\tBuD;qkH;aomcsKdU,Gif;
csufwck jzpfayawmh\/
uAsma0g[m&bufwGifvnf; w&m;"r®ESifhywfoufvQifom
rsm;pGmEkdifeif;\/ avmua0g[m& &mZa0g[m&rsm;udkrl rEkdifvif;vS
onfrSm {uefjzpfonf/
pdwfESvkH;odrfarGYawmfrlvsuf w&m;&nf0aom yk*¾KdvfBuD;jzpf
onfhjyif avmuukd rkef;í avmurSxGuf&m avmukwå&mpcef;udkom
OD;wnfaomoabm &Sd&um; bkHokH;yg;\NiD;aiGYbG,faumif;aom ÓP
oHa0*-"r®oHa0*rsm;udk pyf&mwGif rsm;pGm Ekdifeif;ygayonf/ avmu
rSvGwf&m oHo&m\tuefYtuGuf 0#fpufvSnf;bD;udk csKd;zsufEkdif
aMumif;jzpfonfh'gecPf;ç oDvcPf;ç ponfrsm;udkvnf; ydkifEkdifatmif
44
t&Sifr[m&|om&\t|KyÜwådESifh...
ebook is created by www.ShanYoma.Org
&Sif&|om&pGrf;&nf
ig;&m{uf'kuf? aumif;[kwfaA'if? ooFu&kduf/v/oli,fu
yif? y@dtifESifh? pmoifarGYavsmf/
[laomZmwfaygif;ESifhtnD i,fpOfuyif ynmtrsKd;rsKd;wkdYudk 'kd;uJhodkY
arTYcJh\/ xD;eef;trlt&m 0gpmodrfarGYjynfBuD;olwkdY"avhrsm;udkvnf;
udk,fykdifpum; udk,fykdiftavhrsm;uJhodkY Ekdifeif;awmfrl\/ od&Sdem;vnf
\/ usrf;ESHY\/ tcsKyfudkqkdaomf (1)avmu (2)"r® (3)&mZ okH;rsKd;
vkH; Ekdif\/
t&Sifjrwfa&;om;onfhpmwkdYonf xef;wufolESifhwl\[ka&S;
uqkdMu\/ xef;wufoGm;onf 0rf;ydkufESifhxrf;yif tNrJvGwf&\/
ajcaxmufESifhxrf;yifudk xdonfhtcgxd vufESifhxdonfhtcg xd&\/
w&m;usrf;*efudk rxdwcsuf xdwcsuf[kqkdvkdonf/
tcsKdU&[ef;q&mBuD;rsm;url ]]ESJç a>y0Ho? okod&[k? Cet
jym;}}paom Zmwfaygif;pum;rsm;ESifhtnD wl&d,mig;yg; wNydKifeufwD;
46
t&Sifr[m&|om&\t|KyÜwådESifh...
ebook is created by www.ShanYoma.Org
47
t&Sifr[m&|om&\t|KyÜwådESifh...
ebook is created by www.ShanYoma.Org
48
t&Sifr[m&|om&\t|KyÜwådESifh...
ebook is created by www.ShanYoma.Org
49