DCGNV ' K Ivr BWZK Av 'VJB - 1

Dcgnv‡`‡k ivR‰bwZK Av‡›`vjb
পর্ -ব 1
Hotline: 01894887575, 01402666888 | Website: eduhive.com.bd

fviZxq RvZxq Ks‡MÖm cÖwZôv
1885 mv‡j ÔBwÛqvb b¨vkbvj Ks‡MÖmÕ ev fviZxq RvZxq

Ks‡MÖm cÖwZwôZ nq| Gi cÖwZôvZv wQ‡jb AemicÖvß
Bs‡iR wmwfwjqvb A¨vjvb A‡±vwfqvb wnDg| 1885
mv‡ji 28 wW‡m¤î †ev‡¤^‡Z (eZ©gvb gy¤v^ B) e¨vwi÷vi
D‡gkP›`ª e‡›`¨vcva¨v‡qi mfvcwZ‡Z¡ Ks‡MÖ‡mi cÖ_g
Awa‡ekb AbywôZ nq|

• 2q Awa‡ekb: 1886 mv‡j KjKvZvq| G Awa‡ek‡b

mfvcwZ wbe©vwPZ nb `v`v fvB bI‡ivRx| wZwb cÖ_g
fviZxq whwb 1892 mv‡j weªwUk cvj©v‡g‡›U †jevi cvwU©i
cÿ †_‡K m`m¨ wbe©vwPZ nb| Zv‡K Grand Old
Man of India ev Ôfvi‡Zi gnvb e„×Õ ejv nq|
D‡jøL¨- evsjv‡`kx es‡kv™¢zZ iækbviv Avjx, iycv Avkv nK
Ges †iRvqvbv wmwÏK wUDwjc eZ©gvb weªwUk cvj©v‡g‡›Ui
m`m¨|
• 1g gymjgvb mfvcwZ: 1887 mv‡j Ks‡MÖ‡mi Z…Zxq

Awa‡ek‡b eìæwÏb Zv‡qewR cÖ_g gymjgvb mfvcwZ
wbe©vwPZ nb|
• 1g evsjv‡`kx mfvcwZ: m‡ivwRbx bvBWz (gywÝMÄ)| Zv‡K
fvi‡Zi bvBwU‡½j ejv nq|

AvjxMo Av‡›`vjb
m¨vi ˆmq` Avng` wQ‡jb AvjxMo Av‡›`vj‡bi

D‡`¨v³v| gymjgvb‡ì g‡a¨ ivR‰bwZK, mvgvwRK,
mvs¯‹…wZK †ÿ‡Î cÖMwZkxj fveaviv M‡o †Zvjvi Rb¨ G
Av‡›`vjb M‡o ও‡V| Gi gva¨‡g Bs‡iR‡ì mv‡_
gymjgvb‡ì mn‡hvwMZvi †ÿÎ cÖ¯‘Z nq Ges
gymjgvbMY Bs‡iwR I cvðvZ¨ wkÿvq AvMÖnx nq| Gi
cÖZ¨ÿ cÖfve wn‡m‡e cieZ©x‡Z gymwjg jx‡Mi Rb¥ nq|

e½wefvM
cÖZ¨šÍ AÂ‡j A‡b‡KB weªwUk‡ì KZ…©Z¡ gvb‡Z PvB‡Zv bv
Ges my‡hvM †c‡jB AvBb-k„•Ljv cwiw¯’wZi AebwZ NUv‡Zv|
G Kvi‡Y evsjvi wewfbœ AÂ‡j ˆbwZK wkw_jZv cwijwÿZ
nq| e„nr evsjv cÖ‡`k GKRb Mfb©‡ii Aax‡b mykvmb
cwiPvjbv `yiæn-G hyw³‡Z weªwUkMY evsjv cÖ‡`k‡K wef³
Kivi cwiKíbv K‡i| 1899 mv‡j jW© KvR©b eojvU wbhy³
nb| wZwb 1900 mv‡j e½wefv‡Mi †NvlYv †`b Ges 1901
mv‡j wg. †d«Rvi‡K evsjv †cÖwm‡WwÝi †jd‡Ub¨v›U Mfb©i
wbhy³ K‡ib|
e½wefvM
e½f½
c~e©e½ I Avmvg cwðge½, wenvi I Dwol¨v
ivRavbx- XvKv ivRavbx- KjKvZv
‡jd‡Ub¨v›U Mfb©i- e¨vgwdì dzjvi ‡jd‡Ub¨v›U Mfb©i- GÛªy †d«Rvi

¯^‡`kx Av‡›`vjb
e½f‡½i cÖwZev‡` †h Av‡›`vjb M‡o D‡V Zv‡K mvaviYfv‡e
¯^‡`kx Av‡›`vjb e‡j|
K) cÖ_g ch©vq: mfv-mwgwZ‡Z e³…Zv `vb Ges cÖ¯Íve
MÖn‡Yi gva¨‡g cÖwZev`Ávcb|
L) wØZxq ch©vq: AvZ¥kw³ MVb I RvZxq wkÿv Av‡›`vjb|
M) Z…Zxq ch©vq: eqKU ev we‡jwZ cY¨ eR©b Ges ¯^‡`kx
c‡Yï Drcv`vb I eënvi| eqKU bxwZ mdj Ki‡Z
K…òKzgvi wgÎ, my‡i›`ªbv_ e‡›`¨vcva¨vq, KvjxcÖmbœ Kve¨
wekvi` Ges gwZjvj †Nvl Zv‡ì †jLbx Øviv D‡jøL‡hvM¨
f~wgKv cvjb K‡ib|
¯^‡`kx Av‡›`vjb
N) PZz_© ch©vq: êcøweK ev mk¯¿ Av‡›`vjb|
e½f½ Kvh©Ki nq- 1905 mv‡ji 16 A‡±vei jW© KvR©‡bi
†NvlYvi gva¨‡g|
e½f½ i‡ì †NvlYv †`qv nq- m¤ªvU cÂg R‡R©i Awf‡lK
Abyôvb Dcj‡ÿ AvMZ w`wjøi ìev‡i 1911 mv‡ji 12
wW‡m¤î|
e½f½ i` Kivi mycvwik K‡ib- jW© nvwW©Ä |
e½f‡½i cwi‡cÖwÿ‡Z evOvwji H‡Kï AvnŸvb Rvwb‡q
iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi †h MvbwU iPbv K‡ib- Ôevsjvi gvwU, evsjvi
RjÕ Ges Avgvi †mvbvi evsjv|
evsjvq mk¯¿ wecøex Av‡›`vjb
1906 mvj †_‡K cwiPvwjZ G êcøweK Av‡›`vjb‡K

weªwUk miKvi mš¿vmev`x Av‡›`vjb wnmv‡e wPwýZ K‡i|
XvKvq ÔAbykxjb mwgwZÕ Ges KjKvZvi ÔhyMvšÍi cvwU©Õ
wQj êcøweK Av‡›`vj‡bi `yB cÖavb kw³kvjx msMVb|
XvKvq ÔAbykxjb mwgwZÕi †bZv wQ‡jb cywjb wenvix `vk
Ges ÔhyMvšÍi cvwU©iÕ †bZv wQ‡jb evNv hZxb (cÖK…Z bvg
hZx›`ªbv_ gy‡Lvcva¨vq)

wecøexiv 1908 mv‡j evsjvi Mfb©i GÛz †d«Rvi Ges

c~e©e½ I Avmv‡gi †jd‡Ub¨v›U Mfb©i e¨vgwdì dzjvi‡K
nZ¨vi †Póv K‡i e¨_© nq| Gici wecøex‡ì jÿ¨ wQj
cÖavb †cÖwm‡WwÝ g¨vwR‡÷ªU wKsm‡dvW©| ÿzwìvg I cÖdzjø
PvwK wenv‡i †gvRvddicy‡i wKsm‡dv‡W©i Mvwo jÿ¨ K‡i
†evgv wb‡ÿc K‡ib|

wKš‘ wKsm‡dvW© Mvwo‡Z wQ‡jb bv, wQ‡jb Ab¨ GK

Bs‡i‡Ri ¯¿x I Kb¨v| G †evgvq DfqB wbnZ nb|
ÿzwìvg aiv c‡ob Ges Zvi duvwm nq| cÖdzjø PvwK
AvZ¥nZ¨v K‡ib|
e½f½ c‡iI wecøex Av‡›`vjb Pj‡Z _v‡K|

evsjvi mk¯¿ Av‡›`vj‡bi me‡P‡q D‡jøL‡hvM¨ NUbv

PÆMÖvg A¯¿vMvi jyÚ‡bi NUbv| GB Afz¨Ìv‡bi †bZv
wQ‡jb ¯’vbxq b¨vkbvj Bbw÷wUD‡Ui wkÿK m~h©‡mb whwb
gv÷vi `v bv‡g cwiwPZ| 1930 mv‡ji 18 GwcÖj wZwb
Zvi `jej wb‡q PÆMÖvg A¯¿vMvi jyÉb K‡ib| A¯¿vMvi
jyÉ‡bi ci D‡jøL‡hvM¨ NUbv nj 1932 mv‡ji †m‡Þ¤î
মাসে cÖxwZjZv Iqv‡Ï`v‡ii †bZ…‡Z¡ cvnvoZjx
†ijI‡q K¬ve AvµgY|
weªwUk miKvi m~h©‡mbmn AwaKvsk wecøex‡K প্রতিহি

করসি mg_© nq| 1934 mv‡ji 12 Rvbyqvwi PÆMÖv‡g
m~h©‡m‡bi duvwm nq|
• weªwUk we‡ivax Av‡›`vj‡b cÖ_g knx`- ÿzwìvg|
• weªwUk we‡ivax Av‡›`vj‡bi cÖ_g bvix knx`-
cÖxwZjZv Iqv‡Ï`vi|

পর্ -ব 2

gymwjg jxM
1906 mv‡ji 30 wW‡m¤î XvKvi kvnev‡M gymwjg †bZv‡ì

GK Awa‡ekb nq| G Awa‡ek‡b mfvcwZZ¡ K‡ib beve
wfKvi-Dj g~jK| mfvq XvKvi beve LvRv mwjgyjøvn
gymjgvb‡ì Rb¨ cÖwZwbwaZ¡Kvix msMVb wbwLj fviZ
gymwjg jxM MV‡bi cÖ¯Íve w`‡j Dcw¯’Z gymwjg †bZ…e„›`
GwU mg_©b K‡ib| Gfv‡e gymwjg jxM MwVZ nq| 1907
mv‡ji 26 wW‡m¤î KivPx‡Z gymwjg jx‡Mi cÖ_g Awa‡ekb
AbywôZ nq|
gymwjg jxM
❖ XvKvq wbwLj fviZ gymwjg GWz‡Kkbvj Kbdv‡iÝ AbywôZ nq-
1906 mv‡ji 30 wW‡m¤î|
❖ gymwjg jx‡Mi cÖK…Z bvg wQj- wbwLj fviZ gymwjg jxM|
❖ gymwjg jxM cÖwZwôZ nq- beve mwjgyjøvni D‡`¨v‡M|

ÿzwìvg
1908 mv‡ji 11 AvMó duvwm nq m`¨ ˆK‡kvi DËxY©
ÿzwìv‡gi| ÿzwìvg I cÖdzjø PvwK wenv‡i †gvRvddicy‡i
g¨vwR‡÷ªU wKsm‡dv‡W©i Mvwo‡Z †evgv wb‡ÿc Ki‡j Ab¨
Bs‡i‡Ri ¯¿x, Kb¨v wbnZ nb| wKsm‡dvW© Mvwo‡Z bv _vKvq
cÖv‡Y †e‡P hvb| ÿzwìvg aiv c‡ob| wKsm‡dvW©‡K †evgv
†g‡i nZ¨vi cÖ‡Póvq Ges wbixn `yÕRb †jv‡Ki g„Zzï Rb¨
`vqx K‡i Zv‡K duvwm †`qv nq|

ÿzwìvg
Ab¨w`‡K cÖdzjø PvwK AvZ¥nZ¨v K‡i| ÿzwìvg‡K wb‡q †jLv
weL¨vZ Mvb ÔGKevi we`vq †` gv Ny‡i AvwmÕ wj‡L‡Qb,
KjKvZvi evKzovi †jŠwKK MxwZKvi cxZv¤î `vm gZvšÍ‡i
gyK›z ``vm| G‡Z myi †`qv n‡q‡Q evDj‡ì MvIqv GKwU
†MŠড়Pw›`ªKv GKevi Gmv w`bgwb Mv‡bi Szgyi evDj RvZxq
myi| MvbwU gy‡L gy‡L LyeB RbwcÖq n‡q D‡V|

e½f½ i`
1911 mv‡ji 12 wW‡m¤î weª‡U‡bi ivRv cÂg R‡R©i

Awf‡lK Abyôvb Dcj‡ÿ¨ w`wjøi ìev‡i e½f½ i`
†NvlYv Kiv nq | G mgq weªwUk fvBmiq wQ‡jb jW©
nvwW©Ä| 1912 mv‡j weªwUk fvi‡Zi ivRavbx
KjKvZvi †_‡K w`wjø‡Z ¯’vbvšÍi Kiv nq|

j‡²Š Pzw³
1916 mv‡j 16 wW‡m¤î Ks‡MÖm I gymwjg jxM GKB mv‡_

j‡²Š kn‡i wbR wbR `‡ji `jxq m‡¤§jb AvnŸvb K‡ib|
G m‡¤§jb Dfq `‡ji ‡bZviv HwZnvwmK j‡²Š Pzw³Õ
¯^vÿi K‡ib| G Pzw³ g~jZ wn›`y I gymjgvb‡ì m¤úªxwZ I
mg‡SvZvi GK g~jëvb `wjj|

bv_vb Kwgkb
1912 mv‡j XvKv wek¦we`¨vjq cÖwZôvi Rb¨ 13 m`m¨ wewkó

bv_vb Kwgkb MVb Kiv nq | G Kwgk‡bi mycvwi‡ki wfwË‡Z
1 RyjvB 1921 mv‡j XvKv wek¦we`¨vjq cÖwZwôZ nq|
XvKv wek¦we`¨vj‡q প্রথম যারা-
cÖ_g P¨v‡Ýji wQ‡jb : jW© WvbWvm|
cÖ_g fvBm P¨v‡Ýji: m¨vi wc †R nvU©R|
Dcgnv‡`‡ki Z_v cÖ_g gymwjg wfwm: m¨vi G Gd ingvb|
eZ©gvb wfwm : Aa¨vcK AvLZviæ¾vgvb|
ivIjvU AvBb I RvwjqvbIqvjvevM nZ¨vKvÐ
fvi‡Zi mš¿vmev`x Av‡›`vjb I e½f½ i` Av‡›`vjb cÖwZnZ

Kivi Rb¨ weªwUk miKvi 1918 mv‡j KzL¨vZ I cÖwZwµqvkxj
ivIjvU AvBb cÖeZ©b K‡ib| GB AvB‡bi Øviv msev`c‡Îi
KÉ‡iva Ges †h‡Kvb †jvK‡K wbe©vmb Ges webv wePv‡i Kiv`Ð
†Ìqvi eë¯’v Kiv nq| cvÄv‡e KzL¨vZ ivIjvU AvB‡bi
cÖwZev‡` RbM‡Yi kvwšÍc~Y© †kvfvhvÎv I cÖwZev` PjvKv‡j
miKvi ¸wj Pvwj‡q wKQz †jvK‡K nZ¨v K‡i|

Gi cÖwZev‡` 1919 mv‡ji 13 GwcÖj Ag„Zm‡ii

RvwjqvbIqvjvevM D`¨v‡b 10 nvRvi gvbyl mg‡eZ nq|
†Rbv‡ij Wvqvi mg‡eZ RbMY‡K †Kvbiƒc ûwkqvwi cÖ`vb bv
K‡i Zvi †mbvevwnbx‡K ¸wj el©‡Yi wb‡`©k †`b| G‡Z eû‡jvK
nZvnZ nq| RvwjqvbIqvjvevM b„ksm nZ¨vKv‡Ði Kvwnbx
cÖPvwiZ n‡j mg¯Í fvi‡Z cÖwZev‡ì So D‡V| Gi cÖwZev‡`
iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi Zvui bvBU Dcvax Z¨vM K‡ib|

➢ RvwjqvbIqvjvevM nZ¨vKvÐ msNwVZ nq- 13 GwcÖj 1919

mv‡j|
➢ RvwjqvbIqvjvevM nZ¨vKvÐ hvi wb‡`©‡k msNwUZ nq-
†Rbv‡ij Wvqvi|
➢ iex›`ªbv_ ÔbvBUÕ Dcvwa (1915) cÖZ¨vLvb (1919) K‡ib-
RvwjqvbIqvjvevM nZ¨vKv‡Ði cÖwZev`¯îƒc|

wLjvdZ Av‡›`vjb(1919-1923)
fviZxq gymjgvbMY Zzi‡¯‹i myjZvb‡K Lwjdv e‡j gvb¨

KiZ Ges gymwjg Rvnv‡bi H‡Kï cÖZxK e‡j g‡b
KiZ| cÖ_g wek¦h‡y × Zzi¯‹ weªwUk we‡ivax wkwe‡i †hvM
†`q| G‡Z fvi‡Zi gymjgvbiv c‡o Dfq msK‡U|
GKw`‡K Zviv wQj weªwUk miKv‡ii AbyMZ cÖRv
Aciw`‡K Zzi‡¯‹i myjZvb wQj Zv‡ì Lwjdv|

e„wUk miKvi gymjgvb‡ì Avk¦vm †`q Zzi‡¯‹i cÖwZ

†Kvb AwePvi Kiv n‡e bv| mij wek¦v‡m gymjgvbMY
weªwUk miKvi‡K mg_©b †RvMvq| hy‡× wgÎc‡ÿi R‡qi
d‡j weªwUkiv Zzi‡¯‹i ÿwZ mvab K‡i| Zzi¯‹‡K †f‡½
Pzigvi K‡i gymjgvb‡ì g‡b cÖej AvNvZ nv‡b|

ZzK©x mv¤ªv‡Rï ALÛZv Ges wLjvd‡Zi cweÎZv iÿvi
Rb¨ 1919 mv‡j gvIjvbv †gvn¤§` Avjx, gvIjvbv kIKZ
Avjx, W. Avbmvix, Aveyj Kvjvg AvRv`, nvwKg AvRgj
Lvb cÖgyL †h Av‡›`vjb ïiæ K‡ib Zv wLjvdZ Av‡›`vjb
bv‡g cwiwPZ|
▪ wLjvdZ Av‡›`vj‡bi cÖavb †bZv wQ‡jb- gvIjvbv
gynv¤§` Avjx I gvIjvbv kIKZ Avjx|
▪ Dcgnv‡`‡ki gymjgvb‡ì g‡a¨ ঐকয `„p K‡i
ivR‰bwZK m‡PZbZvi Rb¥ †`q- wLjvdZ Av‡›`vjb|
পর্ -ব 3

Amn‡hvM Av‡›`vjb(1920-1922)
Awnsmv I Amn‡hvM Av‡›`vj‡bi RbK gnvZ¥v MvÜx|

ivIjvU AvBb I RvwjqvbIqvjvev‡Mi nZ¨vKv‡Ði
cÖwZev‡` 1920 mv‡ji 10 gvP© MvÜx Amn‡hvM
Av‡›`vj‡bi Kg©m~Px †NvlYv K‡ib| Gi A_© nj
fviZxqMY weªwUk miKv‡ii mv‡_ mn‡hvwMZv Kiv †_‡K
weiZ _vK‡e, Awdm Av`vj‡Z KvR Ki‡e bv, weªwUk
miKv‡ii †Ìqv Dcvwa eR©b Ki‡e BZ¨vw`|

weªwUk‡ì mKj cÖKvi Amn‡hvwMZv K‡i †gvnb `vm Kig

Puv` MvÜx ev gnvZœv MvÜxi †bZ…‡Z¡ 1920 mv‡j †h
Av‡›`vjb ïiæ nq ZvB Amn‡hvM Av‡›`vjb| 1922 mv‡j
fvi‡Zi DËi cÖ‡`‡ki †PŠwi‡Piv MÖv‡gi cyywjk †÷k‡b
Amn‡hv‡Mi Av‡›`vj‡bi Kg©xiv Av¸b w`‡q cÖvq 22Rb
cywjk‡K cywo‡q nZ¨v K‡i |

Awnsm Av‡›`vjb mwnsm iæc aviY Kivq MvÜxwR G

Av‡›`vjb ¯’wMZ †NvlYv K‡ib | D‡jøL¨ gnvZ¥v MvÜx‡K
Dcvwa cÖ`vb K‡ib iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi |

¯îvRcvwU© I †e½j c¨v± (1923)
wPËiÄb `v‡ki †bZ…‡Z¡ Ks‡MÖ‡mi GKvsk 1923 mv‡j

¯îvR cvwU© MVb K‡ib| 1923 mv‡ji wbe©vP‡b ¯îvR cvwU©
†K›`ªxq AvBbmfvq msL¨vMwiô `j wnmv‡e AvZ¥cÖKvk
K‡i| ¯îvR`j evsjvi AvBb cwil‡` ˆØZkvmb eë¯’v
APj Kivi Rb¨ wbe©vwPZ gymjgvb m`m¨‡ì mg_©b jv‡fi
†Póv K‡ib|

¯îvRcvwU© I †e½j c¨v± (1923)
wPËiÄb `v‡ki †bZ…‡Z¡ e½xq Ks‡MÖm KwgwU evsjvi

gymjgvb‡ì mv‡_ 1923 mv‡j GKwU mg‡SvZvq †cŠQvb|
G mg‡SvZv †e½j c¨v± ev evsjv Pzw³ bv‡g cwiwPZ| GwU
wQj evsjvq wn›`y-gymjgvb‡ì wgj‡bi Rb¨ GKwU ewjô
c`‡ÿc|

cÖxwZjZv Iqv‡Ï`vi
cÖxwZjZv Iqv‡Ï`vi wQ‡jb gv÷vi`v m~h©‡m‡bi wkl¨| wZwb
1930 mv‡j PÆMÖvg A¯¿vMvi jyÉbKv‡h© Ask †bb| wZwb wQ‡jb
AZ¨šÍ ‡gavex Ges m~h©‡m‡bi bvix †mbvbx| 1932 mv‡j
cvnvoZjx †ijI‡q K¬vm Acv‡ikb †k‡l weªwUk‡ì nv‡Z aiv
co‡j wZwb cUvwmqvg mvqvbvBW cv‡b AvZ¥nZ¨v K‡ib|
▪ gv÷vi `v m~h©‡mb PÆMÖvg A¯¿vMvi jyÉb K‡ib- 18 GwcÖj
1930|
▪ gv÷vi `v m~h©‡mb‡K duvwm †Ìqv nq- 1934 mv‡j PÆMÖv‡g|

mvBgb Kwgkb (1927-30)
1927 mv‡j ZrKvjxb weªwUk miKvi fvi‡Z ivR‰bwZK

I kvmbZvwš¿K AwaKvi †Ìqvi m¤¢vebv hvPvB‡qi
D‡Ï‡k¨ 8 m`‡mï GKwU wewae× cvj©v‡g›Uvwi Kwgkb
MVb K‡i| m¨vi Rb mvBgb‡K G Kwgk‡bi †Pqvig¨vb
wbhy³ Kiv nq| G Kwgk‡b †Kvb fviZxq cÖwZwbwa wQj
bv| 1930 mv‡j GB Kwgkb wi‡cvU© cÖKvk K‡i|

†b‡niæ wi‡cvU© (1928)
mvBgb Kwgkb MV‡bi weiæ‡× weÿzä Ks‡MÖm fviZevmxi

Rb¨ Dc‡hvMx kvmb ms¯‹v‡ii †Póv Pvjvq| G ch©v‡q
gwZjvj †b‡niæi †bZ…‡Z¡ MwVZ KwgwU 1928 mv‡ji AvM÷
gv‡m GKwU wi‡cvU© †ck K‡i| G wi‡cvU© †b‡niæ wi‡cvU©
bv‡g cwiwPZ|

wRbœvni †PŠÏ`dv (1929)
†b‡niæ wi‡cv‡U©i cÖwZev‡` 1929 mv‡j †gvnv¤§` Avjx

wRbœvn gymjgvb‡ì ¯^v_©iÿvi Rb¨ 14 `dv `vwe DÌvcb
K‡ib hv wRbœvni †PŠÏ`dv bv‡g cwiwPZ|

AvBb Agvb¨ Av‡›`vjb (1930-1932)
MvÜx fvi‡Z Ôc~Y© ¯îvR¨Õ cÖwZôvi `vwe‡Z 1930 mv‡j AvBb

AgvbÏ mZ¨vMªn Av‡›`vjb K‡ib|

পর্ -ব 4

†Mvj †Uwej êVK
cÖ_g `dv
fvi‡Zi kvmbZš¿ cÖYq‡bi j‡ÿ¨ mvBgb Kwgk‡bi
mycvwik m¤ú‡K© Av‡jvPbvi Rb¨ miKvi 1930 mv‡j
jÛ‡b Ô†Mvj †UwejÕ êVK Wv‡Kb| †gvn¤§` Avjx
wRbœvn, G †K dRjyj nK cÖgyL †bZ…e„›` G êV‡K
†hvM`vb K‡ib| wRbœvn GB êV‡K Zvi †PŠÏ`dv †ck
K‡ib| Ks‡MÖm G êV‡K †hvM`vb †_‡K weiZ _v‡K|

wØZxq `dv
1931 mv‡j MvÜx-WviDBb Pzw³i ci Ks‡MÖm wØZxq

†Mvj‡Uwej êV‡K †hvM`vb K‡i| wKš‘ MvÜx I
gymjgvb‡ì g‡a¨ †Kvb Av‡cvm bv nIqvq wØZxq
†Mvj‡Uwej êVKI e¨_© nq|

cÖv‡`wkK wbe©vPb I gwš¿mfv
1935 mv‡ji fviZ kvmb AvBb 1937 mv‡j Kvh©Ki

nq| Awef³ evsjvq 1937 mv‡j cÖ_g cÖv‡`wkK
wbe©vPb AbywôZ nq| G wbe©vP‡b gymwjg jxM 40wU
Avm‡b, K…lK cÖRv cvwU© 35wU Avm‡b Ges ¯^Zš¿
gymjgvb 41 wU Avm‡b Ges Ab¨vb¨ ¯^Zš¿ cÖv_©xiv 14wU
Avm‡b weRqx nq|

fviZ kvmb AvBb (1935)
mvBgb Kwgkb I †Mvj‡Uwej êV‡Ki Av‡jv‡K 1935

mv‡j fviZ kvmb AvBb cÖeZ©b Kiv nq| GB AvB‡bi
cÖavb êwkó¨ wQj fviZ kvm‡b hy³ivóªxq miKvi c×wZ
Ges cÖ‡`k¸‡jvi cÖv‡`wkK ¯^vqËkvmb cÖeZ©b| 1919
mv‡ji fviZ kvmb AvB‡b fviZevmxi Avkv-AvKv•ÿvi
cÖwZdjb N‡Uwb| mvBgb Kwgkb I †Mvj‡Uwej êV‡Ki
Av‡jvPbvi Av‡jv‡K 1935 mv‡j fviZ kvmb AvBb
cÖeZ©b Kiv nq|
fviZ kvmb AvBb (1935)
G AvB‡bi cÖavb êwkó¨ wQj fviZ kvm‡b hy³ivóªxq
miKvi c×wZ I cÖ‡`k¸‡jvi cÖv‡`wkK ¯^vqËkvmb
cÖeZ©b| G AvB‡bi cÖavb cÖavb êwkó¨ n‡jv-
1| hy³ivóª MVb Ges cÖv‡`wkK ¯^vqËkvmb
2| ÿgZv e›Ub I ˆØZ kvmb cÖeZ©b
3| c„_K wbe©vPb I Avmb msiÿY
4| bZzb cÖ‡`k m„wó Ges evg©vi c„_KxKiY
5| hy³ivóªxq Av`vjZ MVb Ges wePvi wefvMxq cÖvavb¨
cÖwZôv
G †K dRjyj n‡Ki cÖ_g gwš¿mfv
me `j GKK msL¨v MwiôZv AR©‡b e¨_© nIqvq G †K

dRjyj n‡Ki †bZ…‡Z¡ gymwjg jxM I K…lK cÖRv cvwU©i
†Kvqvwjkb miKvi MwVZ nq| Awef³ evsjvi cÖ_g gyL¨gš¿x
wbe©vwPZ nb G †K dRjyj nK|
1938 mv‡j e½xq cÖRv¯^Z¡ AvBb ms‡kvab K‡i Rwg`vi‡ì
AwaKvi n«vm Ges Ges K„lK‡ì AwaKvi e„w×i †Póv K‡ib|
1938 mv‡j e½xq Pvlx LvZ AvBb cÖeZ©b K‡ib|

G †K dRjyj n‡Ki cÖ_g gwš¿mfv
GB AvB‡bi d‡j evsjvi me©Î ÔFY mvwjwk †evW©Õ MwVZ nq|
dRjyj nK A‰eZwbK cÖv_wgK wkÿv AvBb cÖYqb K‡ib|
XvKvq K…wl K‡jR Ges ewikv‡ji PvLvi K‡jR ¯’vc‡bi
K…wZZ¡ nK mv‡n‡ei| gymwjg bvix‡ì wkÿvi Rb¨ XvKvq
B‡Wb K‡jR cÖwZôv K‡ib|
▪ 1937 mv‡ji wbe©vP‡b cÖwZ‡hvwMZv nq- gymwjg jxM I
K…lK cÖRv cvwU©i g‡a¨|
▪ 1937 mv‡j wbe©vP‡b gymwjg jxM Avmb cvq- 40wU
(K…lK cÖRv cvwU© 35wU)|
jv‡nvi cÖ¯Íve
jv‡nvi cÖ¯Ív‡ei g~jK_v wQj Dcgnv‡`‡ki DËi-cwðg I
c~e©vÂjxq gymwjg Aay¨wlZ GjvKv¸‡jv wb‡q GKvwaK
¯^vaxb I mve©‡fŠg ivóª MVb Ki‡Z n‡e| jv‡nvi cÖ¯Ív‡e
cvwK¯Ív‡bi †Kvb D‡jøL wQjbv| ZeyI G cÖ¯Íve cvwK¯Ívb
cÖ¯Íve bv‡gI cwiwPZ| cieZ©xKv‡j G cÖ¯Ív‡ei ms‡kvab
Kiv nq| GKvwaK iv‡óªi cwie‡Z© GKwU gvÎ ivóªMV‡bi
wm×všÍ †bIqv nq| G cÖ¯Ív‡ei wfwË‡ZB cvwK¯Ívb iv‡óªi
m„wó nq|

jv‡nvi cÖ¯Íve
▪ jv‡nvi cÖ¯Íve DÌvcb Kiv nq- 1940 mv‡ji 23 gvP©
▪ jv‡nv‡i AbywôZ gymwjg jx‡Mi Awa‡ek‡b Ôjv‡nvi
cÖ¯ÍveÕ DÌvcb K‡ib- †k‡i evsjv G †K dRjyj
nK|
▪ jv‡nvi cÖ¯Ív‡ei g~j `vwe- gymwjg msL¨vMwiô
GjvKvmg~n wb‡q GKvwaK ¯^vaxb ivóª MVb Kiv|
▪ e½xq cÖRv¯^Z¡ AvBb, FY mvwjkx †evW© cÖf…wZ MV‡bi
gva¨‡g evsjvi K…lK‡ì wbKU ¯§iYxq n‡q Av‡Qb-
G †K dRjyj nK|
wØ-RvwZ ZË¡
wØ-RvwZ Z‡Ë¡i cÖe³v †gvnv¤§` Avjx wRbœvn| wØRvwZ ZË¡
†NvwlZ nq 1939 mv‡j| fviZel© wefw³i mgq msL¨vjwNô
gymjgvb‡ì AwaKvi wbwðZ Kivi j‡ÿ¨ ag©wfwËK fviZel©
wefw³i cÖ¯ÍveB nj wØ-RvwZ ZË¡| GB Z‡Ë¡i g~jK_v wn›`y-
gymwjg Avjv`v RvwZ| D‡jøL¨ †h, jv‡nvi cÖ¯Ív‡ei DÌvcK
†k‡i evsjv G †K dRjyj nK wRbœvni ÔwØ-RvwZ Z‡Ë¡Õ wek¦vmx
wQ‡jb bv| jv‡nvi cÖ¯Ív‡ei †Kv_vI ÔwØ-RvwZ ZË¡Õ kãwUI
†bB|
wµcm wgkb (1942)
wØZxq wek¦h‡y ×i mgq Rvcvb wgÎ c‡ÿi weiæ‡× hy‡×

†hvM`vb Ki‡j Rvcvwb Avµg‡Yi weiæ‡× G †`kxq mvnvh¨
mn‡hvwMZv jvf Kivi Rb¨ ZrKvjxb weªwUk cÖavbgš¿x PvwP©j
m¨vi ÷¨vb‡dvW© wµcm‡K 1942 mv‡j G Dcgnv‡`‡k †cÖiY
K‡ib| wZwb ivR‰bwZK mgm¨v mgvav‡bi j‡ÿ¨ weªwUk
miKv‡ii cÿ †_‡K †h KqwU cÖ¯Íve K‡ib, Zv Ôwµcm
cÖ¯ÍveÕ bv‡g L¨vZ|

fviZ Qvo Av‡›`vjb
fvi‡Zi ivR‰bwZK msKU wbim‡b wµcm wgkb e¨_© n‡j

1942 mv‡ji AvM÷ gv‡m gnvZ¥v MvÜxi †bZ…‡Z¡ ÔfviZ
QvoÕ`vwe‡Z Bs‡iR we‡ivax Av‡›`vj‡bi ïiæ nq| GB
w`b wZwb Zvui Rxe‡bi `xN©Zg 140 wgwb‡Ui fvlY cÖ`vb
K‡ib| G Av‡›`vjb PjvKv‡j wZwb e‡jb ÔÔK‡i‡½ B‡q
g‡i‡½ÕÕ|

1943 mv‡ji `ywf©ÿ
wØZxq wek¦h‡y ×i mgq Rvcvwbiv evg©v `Lj Ki‡j †mLvb
†_‡K evsjvq Pvj Avg`vwb eÜ n‡q hvq| cÿvšÍ‡i evsjv
Lv`¨ km¨ µq K‡i evsjvi evwn‡i ˆmb¨‡ì im` wnmv‡e
cvwV‡q †Ìqv nq| Amvay, †jvfx I gybvdv‡Lvi eëmvqxiv
Lv`¨ ¸`vgRvZ K‡i| GQvov Abve„wói d‡j evsjvi Lv`¨
Drcv`bI n«vm cvq| d‡j 1943 mv‡j evsjvq GK fqven
`ywf©ÿ nq| G `ywf©‡ÿ AvbygvwbK 30 jÿ †jvK cÖvY
nvivq| evsjv 1350 mv‡j msNwUZ GB `ywf©ÿ ÔcÂv‡ki
gš^šÍiÕ bv‡g cwiwPZ|
fviZ wefvM I ¯^vaxbZv
1946 mv‡ji wn›`y-gymwjg `v½vi ci Ks‡MÖm I gymwjg

jx‡Mi g‡a¨ mg‡SvZvi c_ iæ× n‡j 1947 mv‡ji 3
Ryb me©‡kl eojvU jW© gvD›Ue¨v‡Ub fviZ wefv‡Mi
bxwZ †NvlYv K‡ib| 1947 mv‡ji 18 RyjvB weªwUk
cvj©v‡g‡›U ÔfviZ ¯^vaxbZv AvBbÕ cvk nq| Gmgq
weªwUk cÖavbgš¿x wQ‡jb wKè‡g›U GUjx|

14 AvM÷ KivPx‡Z cvwK¯Ív‡bi nv‡Z Ges 15 AvM÷

w`jøx‡Z fviZxq‡ì nv‡Z AvbyôvwbK ÿgZv n¯ÍvšÍi Kiv
nq| Gfv‡e cvwK¯Ívb I fviZ bv‡g `ywU ¯^vaxb I
mve©‡fŠg iv‡óªi Rb¥ nq Ges fviZe‡l© weªwUk kvm‡bi
Aemvb N‡U|

¯^vaxbZv jv‡fi ci fvi‡Zi cÖ_g Mfb©i †Rbv‡i‡ji
c` AjsK…Z K‡ib jW© gvD›Ue¨v‡Ub| Ab¨w`‡K
cvwK¯Ív‡bi Mfb©i †Rbv‡ij nb †gvn¤§` Avjx wRbœvn|
▪ 1947 mv‡ji 15 AvMó fviZ I 14 AvMó
cvwK¯Ívb-¯^vaxb ivóª wn‡m‡e AvZ¥cÖKvk K‡i|
▪ Dfq †Wvwgwbqb ¯^vaxbfv‡e Zv‡ì kvmbZš¿ iPbv
Ki‡e|
▪ †`kxq ivR¨¸‡jvi fviZ ev cvwK¯Ív‡b †hvM`vb ev
¯^vaxbZv †NvlYvi AwaKvi _vK‡e|
1946 mv‡ji wbe©vPb I †mvnivIqv`©xi gwš¿mfv
1946 mv‡ji cÖv‡`wkK cwil` wbe©vP‡b Aveyj nv‡mg Ges

†nv‡mb knx` †mvnivIqv`©xi †bZ…Z¡vaxb gymwjg jxM Rqjvf
K‡i| 1946 mv‡ji 24 GwcÖj †nv‡mb knx` †mvnivIqv`©xi
†bZ…‡Z¡ GKwU gwš¿mfv MwVZ nq| wZwb wQ‡jb Awef³
evsjvi †kl gyL¨gš¿x|

gš¿x wgkb
1946 mv‡j fvi‡Zi ivR‰bwZK I kvmbZvwš¿K msKU

wbim‡bi Rb¨ weªwUk cÖavbgš¿x GUwj Zvi gwš¿mfvi
wZb m`m¨‡K fvi‡Z †cÖiY K‡ib| G wZb gš¿xwewkó
cÖwZwbwa `j gš¿xwgkb bv‡g cwiwPZ|

fviZ ¯^vaxbZv AvBb I cvwK¯Ívb রাসের Rb¥
1946 mv‡j gš¿xwgkb cwiKíbv e¨_© nIqvi ci

mv¤úª`vwqK `v½vi †cÖÿvc‡U weªwUk miKvi fviZxq‡ì
nv‡Z ÿgZv n¯ÍvšÍ‡ii wm×všÍ MÖnY K‡i| G j‡ÿ¨
weªwUk fvi‡Zi me©‡kl fvBmiq jW© gvD›Ue¨v‡Ub 3 Ryb,
1947 fviZ wefv‡Mi GKwU cwiKíbv MÖnY K‡i| G
cwiKíbvwU ÔgvD›Ue¨v‡U‡bi cwiKíbvÕ bv‡g cwiwPZ|

fviZ ¯^vaxbZv AvBb I cvwK¯Ívb iv‡ói Rb¥
G AvB‡bi gva¨‡g Ges 1939 mv‡j gynv¤§` Avjx

wRbœvni †Ìqv wØ-RvwZ Z‡Ë¡i wfwË‡Z 14 AvM÷,
1947 cvwK¯Ívb Ges 15 AvM÷, 1947 fviZ iv‡óªi
Rb¥ nq| cvwK¯Ívb iv‡óªi c‡ÿ m¦vaxbZvi `wjj MÖnY
K‡ib gynv¤§` Avjx wRbœvn Ges fvi‡Zi c‡ÿ MÖnY
K‡ib fvi‡Zi cÖ_g cÖavbgš¿x RInijvj †b‡niæ|
G mgq weªwUk cÖavbgš¿x wQ‡jb wK¬‡g›U GUwj|

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Dcgnv‡`‡k ivR‰bwZK Av‡›`vjb

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• 2q Awa‡ekb: 1886 mv‡j KjKvZvq| G Awa‡ek‡b

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wecøexiv 1908 mv‡j evsjvi Mfb©i GÛz †d«Rvi Ges

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wKš‘ wKsm‡dvW© Mvwo‡Z wQ‡jb bv, wQ‡jb Ab¨ GK

e½f½ c‡iI wecøex Av‡›`vjb Pj‡Z _v‡K|

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evsjvi mk¯¿ Av‡›`vj‡bi me‡P‡q D‡jøL‡hvM¨ NUbv

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1916 mv‡j 16 wW‡m¤^i Ks‡MÖm I gymwjg jxM GKB mv‡_

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1912 mv‡j XvKv wek¦we`¨vjq cÖwZôvi Rb¨ 13 m`m¨ wewkó

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Gi cÖwZev‡` 1919 mv‡ji 13 GwcÖj Ag„Zm‡ii

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➢ RvwjqvbIqvjvevM nZ¨vKvÐ msNwVZ nq- 13 GwcÖj 1919

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fviZxq gymjgvbMY Zzi‡¯‹i myjZvb‡K Lwjdv e‡j gvb¨

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e„wUk miKvi gymjgvb‡`i Avk¦vm †`q Zzi‡¯‹i cÖwZ

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1931 mv‡j MvÜx-WviDBb Pzw³i ci Ks‡MÖm wØZxq