NAME MANSOOR AHMAD

HASSAN
Reg.NO L1F19PHMD0091
SECTION D
SUBJECT CLINICAL PHARMACY
ASSIGNMENT NORMAL LAB VALUES
 ESSENTIAL DRUG LIST
DEFINITION:
The WHO Model List of Essential Medicines, published by the World Health
Organization, contains the medications considered to be most effective and safe to
meet the most important needs in a health system. The list is frequently used by
countries to help develop their own local lists of essential medicines.

OBJECTIVES:
The objectives of WHO's essential medicines and pharmaceutical policies programme
are to save lives and improve health by ensuring the quality, efficacy, safety and
rational use of medicines, including traditional medicines.

HISTORY:
The first list was published in 1977 and included 208 medications by WHO. The WHO
updates the list every two years. There are 306 medications in the 14th list in 2005,
410 in the 19th list in 2015, 433 in the 20th list in 2017, 460 in the 21st list in 2019,
and 479 in the 22nd list in 2021. Various national lists contain between 334 and 580
medications.
A separate list for children up to 12 years of age, known as the WHO Model List of
Essential Medicines for Children (EMLc), was created in 2007 and is in its 8th
edition. It was created to make sure that the needs of children were systematically
considered such as availability of proper formulations.
The Pakistan Essential Drug List was first prepared in 1994 after consultation with
experts in the field. The list was reviewed in 1995, 2000, 2003, 2007, 2014, 2016,
2018, 2020 and 2021. The latest update of EDL of Pakistan is in 2021 which contain
384 across 27 categories.

DESCRIPTION:
Essential drug list has information about Dosage form, Dose or Strength, Release,
Indication, Contraindication, Direction of use, Dissolution, First line therapy, Second
line therapy and Alternatives.
Formularies/Essential drug lists can be useful tools in managing hospitals more
rationally, providing impartial drug information, and promoting the appropriate use
of safe, effective, and contrasted medicines.

DEFINITION OF ANTI-BIOTICS ACCORDING TO WHO:

Antibiotics are the medicine used to prevent and treat bacterial infections. Antibiotic
resistance occurs when bacteria change in response to the use of these medicines.
Bacteria, not humans or animals become antibiotic resistant.
Sr.N Antibiotics Brands Indication
o
1. Streptomycin Strepciline Plague
Streptomet Tularemia
injection Endocarditis
Strepwell
2. P-aminosalicylic acid Meslamin For the treatment of tuberculosis in
combination with other active agents
3. Meropenem Baripenem Intra-abdominal infection, complicated
Carnem skin and skin structure infection and
Cilipenem bacterial meningitis nosocomial
pneumonia, septicaemia, febrile
neutropenia,
4. Linezolid Ecasil Nosocomial pneumonia, community-
Leckzolid acquired pneumonia, skin and skin
Linzy structure infections, and vancomycin-
resistant enterococcus faecium infections.
5. Levofloxacin Leflox Infections of the upper respiratory tract,
Lefoxin lower respiratory tract, skin, skin
Levite structures, urinary tract, and prostate.
6. Ethionamide Enamid Tuberculosis (tb).
Ethomid
Usemid
7. Delamanid Deltyba Pulmonary multi-drug resistant
tuberculosis
8. Cycloserine Closerin Treatment of active pulmonary and
Closip extrapulmonary tuberculosis (including
Tuberserine renal disease)
9. Clofazimine Clofataj Multibacillary leprosy, typical
Clomac myocobacterial infections, rhinoscleroma,
Hansepran pyoderma gangrenosum, necrobiosis
lipoidica, severe acne, pustular psoriasis,
and discoid lupus erythematosus.
10. Rifapentine Priftin Active pulmonary tuberculosis (tb)
Rifatol
Rifater
11. Azithromycin Zithromax. Bronchitis
Zithromax Tri-Pak. Pneumonia
Zithromax Z-Pak. Sexually transmitted diseases (STD)
12. Cefixime Caricef, Infections of the ears
Taxim O Infection of throat
Texit,Ofex Infection of urinary tract
13. Cefotaxime Adwotex cervicitis
Albaxim endometritis
Claforan urethritis
14. Ceftriaxone Rocephin Septicemia
ACMEX Pelvic inflammatory disease
ADJEX Intra-abdominal infections
15. Cefuroxime Ceftin skin infections
Cefurox urinary tract infections
imroxime early Lyme disease
16. Ciprofloxacin Ciproxin Pyelonephritis
Ciloxan typhoid fever
Cetraxal infections of the skin
17. Clarithromycin Klaricid, bronchitis
Klaricid XL infections of the ears
Xetinin XL skin and throat infections
18. Piperacillin+tazobactum Zosyn pneumonia
Pipetazo gynecological
piperazine citrate abdominal infections
19. Vancomycin Vancocin septicemia
Vancomycin infective endocarditis
Firvanq skin infections
20. Ceftazidime Fortaz intra-abdominal infections
Tazisef peritonitis
ceptaz central nervous system infections
21. Amoxicillin Amoxil Community acquired pneumonia (mild to
moderate)
Community acquired pneumonia
(severe) complicated severe acute
Malnutrition.
22. Amoxicillin clavulanic Augmentin Complicated intra-abdominal infections
acid Amclav (mild to moderate)
Calamox Exacerbations of copd
Hospital acquired pneumonia
23. Ampicillin Penbritin Benzathine benzyl-penicillin
Amplus Community acquired pneumonia (severe)
Zampicillin Complicated intra-abdominal
24. Trimethoprim Biprim forte Urinary tract infections (UTIs), such as
Bactrim forte cystitis.
Biotran forte
25. Cloxacillin Adaclox Bone and joint infections Skin and soft
Ampiclox tissue infections
Boschoclox Sepsis in neonates and children(c)
26. Colistin Colistim bacterial infections caused by susceptible
Colistimethate Gram negative bacteria
Coligyl
27. Fosfomycin Focin treatment of acute uncomplicated lower
Cynfo urinary tract infections in adults
Myfos
28. Meropenem + Nezocin Treatment of complicated urinary tract
 Vaborbactam Barizold infections (cUTI), including
Nezkil pyelonephritis.
29. Plazomicin Vabomere pyelonephritis
Penro
30. Polymyxin B Etest treatment of infections of the urinary
Zemdri tract, meninges, and blood stream
31 Clofazimine Paxy B Leprosy
Polymyxin B for inj. Dermatitis herpetiformis
Poly-MxB
32. Dapsone Lamprene Tuberculosis
Hansepran Bone and joint infections
Clofros
33. Rifampin Dapocare Tuberculosis
Devdap
Marlex
34. Cefiderocol Paxy B complicated urinary tract infections
Polymyxin for inj. (cUTIs), including pyelonephritis
Poly-MxB
35. Ceftazidime + Avibactam Lamprene hospital-acquired bacterial pneumonia
Hansepran and ventilator-associated bacterial
Clofros pneumonia (HABP/VABP)
36. Doxycycline a Dotur Cholera
Doxicap Sexually transmitted infection due to
Doxit(d.t) Chlamydia trachomatis
Community acquired pneumonia (mild to
moderate) Exacerbations of COPD
37. Gentamicin Atcogen Acute bacterial meningitis in neonates
Cidomycin Community acquired pneumonia(severe)
delgenta Complicated intraabdominal infections
Complicated severe acute
38. Metronidazole Flagyl Complicated intraabdominal infections
Entamizole (mild to moderate)
Abozole difficile infection complicated
intraabdominal
infections (mild to moderate)
Complicated intrabdominal infections
39. Nitrofurantoin Uriston Lower urinary tract infections
Furadatin
Feuradin
40. Phenoxymethylpenicillin Penicillin-V Community acquired pneumonia (mild to
Penisol V.K moderate)
penvee Pharyngitis
Progressive apical dental abscess