Group Members:

1. Dania Oktavia
2. Deliana Siregar
3. Mia Amanda Putri
4. Tiara Firli Destiani

Israel Gaza war: History of the conflict explained

According to the Council on Foreign Relations, Israel and Palestine are involved in war
because of various attempts to seize territory that threaten to expel the Palestinian
population from the land they have lived in for centuries. Apart from that, the reason
why Israel and Palestine went to war was also due to the end of World War I. At that time,
Britain controlled the Ottoman Turkish Empire which collapsed. Thus, Palestine is home
to the majority of the Arab and Jewish population. Jews, who were a minority group,
joined the Zionist movement with the aim of taking control of Palestine and establishing
their own state.

The United Nations (UN) proposed dividing the Palestinian territory into two states,
namely Israel and Palestine through Resolution 181. This proposal was not accepted by
the Arabs because they felt the division was unfair.

The establishment of the state by Israel sparked the first Israeli-Palestinian war on May
14, 1948. The swimming resulted in the displacement of 750,000 Palestinians.

Israel's victory resulted in the territory being divided into 3 parts, namely Israel, the
West Bank (Jordan River), and the Gaza Strip.

The Six Day War in 1967 was an important turning point in Israeli and Palestinian history.
In this war, Israel succeeded in seizing Gaza, the West Bank and East Jerusalem from
Palestinian hands. The Palestinian independence movement, led by the Palestine
Liberation Organization (PLO) and groups such as Hamas, fought for Palestinian political
rights and independence.

Several decades of international efforts have been made to reconcile Israel-Palestine.

Such as holding the Oslo I Agreement in 1933 and the Oslo II Agreement. This agreement
established Palestine to rule the West Bank and Gaza.

Israel and Hamas Palestine also agreed to a ceasefire on May 21 2021. Egypt became the
mediating party which declared victory over both. More than 250 Palestinians died and
2000 others were injured.

The outbreak of the Palestinian and Israeli Hamas war on October 7 2023 raises
concerns. The UN Security Council met, but members failed to reach an agreement.