Outcomes of Democracy

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1. How does democracy produce an
accountable, responsive and legitimate
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government?
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Answer.
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The government can be accountable by
framing and developing various laws and
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policies in which citizens can hold the
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government responsible if any of those

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policies and laws are not implemented or are
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held against the welfare of the citizens.
The government can be responsible when

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people start taking action when the
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government becomes insensitive about their
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aspirations. People can hold protests, carry

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out campaigns and organise rallies and force

the government to respond to them. A
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democratic government is a legitimate

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government, as it is elected by citizens and

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enjoys the confidence and trust of the

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citizens.
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2. What are the conditions under which
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democracies accommodate social

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diversities?
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Answer.
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Social diversities can be accommodated by
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focusing on all the communities of the

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society. The majority and minority
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communities should be given equal
attention. Democracy is not the rule of the
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majority. In democratic countries, both the
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majority and minority work together to e

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achieve progress and development of the

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nation. It is equally important to understand

that the rule of the majority is not expressed
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in terms of religion or languages. Any person

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or group may become a majority in a

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democracy.
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3. Give arguments to support or oppose
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the following assertions:
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a. Industrialised countries can afford
democracy but the poor need
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dictatorship to become rich.
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b. Democracy can't reduce inequality of

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incomes between different citizens.
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C. The government in poor countries
should spend less on poverty
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reduction, health, education and
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spend more on industries and e

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infrastructure.
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d. In a democracy, all citizens have one

vote, which means that there is an
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absence of any domination and

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conflict.
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4. Identify the challenges to democracy in
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the following descriptions. Also, suggest
policy/institutional mechanism to deepen
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democracy in the given situations:

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a) Following a High Court directive, a
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temple in Orissa that had separate entry
doors for Dalits and non-Dalits allowed
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entry for all from the same door.
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Answer:
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The biggest challenge to democracy, in this
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case, is if such practices continue in the
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country, there is a threat that discrimination
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based on caste, colour and creed cannot be
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eliminated. If people indulge in such
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practices, legal actions can be taken against

them. The Constitution clearly states that
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discrimination of any kind will be considered

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a crime and a big threat to the peace of the

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country. In such cases, serious actions must

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be taken against the people so that the

communal harmony of the country does not
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gets disturbed.
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b) A large number of farmers are
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committing suicide in different states of
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India.
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Answer: A large number of farmers are
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committing suicides in different states of
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India because of the economic inequality in
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the country. Farmers in villages grow crops
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on a small piece of land, and if the weather
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conditions do not stay stable, the farmer has
to suffer serious loss. He is further unable to
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repay the loan taken from the moneylender
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or the bank and gets overburdened by the
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loan. These cases have increased in the
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country over the past few years, and the

poor farmers take such severe steps like
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committing suicide. The government should

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provide these farmers with cheap fertilizers

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and seeds and provide them with better

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irrigation methods.
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c) Following allegation of killing of three
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civilians in Gandwara in a fake encounter
by Jammu and Kashmir police, an enquiry
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has been ordered.

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Answer: Allegations of killing three civilians
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in Gandwara by the Jammu and Kashmir
police in a take encournter raises questions
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on the police force of the state. The
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challenge here is to control the power of the

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police and other authoritative officials.
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5. In thecontext of democracies, which of
the following ideas is correct
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democracies have successfully eliminated?
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conflicts among people
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A.
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B. economic inequalities among people

C. differences of opinion about how
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marginalised sections are to be

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treated
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D. the idea of political inequality

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Answer.
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context of democracies, which of
5. In the
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the following ideas is correct
democracies have successfully eliminated?
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A. conflicts among people

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B. economic inequalities among people
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C. differences of opinion about how
marginalised sections are to be
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treated
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Answer.
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D. the idea of political inequality C

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the context of assessing democracy
6. In
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which among the following is odd one out? e

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Democracies need to ensure:

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A. free and fair elections

the dignity of the individual
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B.
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C. majority rule
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D. equal treatment before the law

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Answer.
C. Majority rule
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7. Studies on political and social
inequalities in democracy show that
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A. democracy and development go
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together.
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B. inequalities exist in democracies.
C. inequalities do not exist under a
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dictatorsh ip.
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D. dictatorship is better than democracy. e

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Answer.
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B. inequalities exist in democracies.

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fi

government responsible if any of those

The government can be responsible when

aspirations. People can hold protests, carry

out campaigns and organise rallies and force

democratic government is a legitimate

government, as it is elected by citizens and

enjoys the confidence and trust of the

democracies accommodate social

focusing on all the communities of the

majority and minority work together to e

achieve progress and development of the

nation. It is equally important to understand

in terms of religion or languages. Any person

or group may become a majority in a

b. Democracy can't reduce inequality of

spend more on industries and e

d. In a democracy, all citizens have one

absence of any domination and

democracy in the given situations:

practices, legal actions can be taken against

discrimination of any kind will be considered

a crime and a big threat to the peace of the

country. In such cases, serious actions must

be taken against the people so that the

country over the past few years, and the

committing suicide. The government should

provide these farmers with cheap fertilizers

and seeds and provide them with better

has been ordered.

challenge here is to control the power of the

B. economic inequalities among people

marginalised sections are to be

D. the idea of political inequality

D. the idea of political inequality

A. conflicts among people

D. the idea of political inequality

D. the idea of political inequality C

which among the following is odd one out? e

Democracies need to ensure:

A. free and fair elections

D. equal treatment before the law

D. dictatorship is better than democracy. e

B. inequalities exist in democracies.

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