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3 Types of Argument
3 Types of Argument
CLASSICAL ARGUMENT
The Aristotelian or classical argument is a style of argument developed by the famous Greek
philosopher and rhetorician, Aristotle. In this style of argument, the writer's goal is to be
convincing and to persuade your audience to your side of the issue through a series of
strategies.
TOULMIN ARGUMENT
The Toulmin argument was developed by Stephen E. Toulmin and is an argument that is
composed of six different parts: claim, grounds, warrant, qualifier, rebuttal and backing. In this
argument, the claim is what the arguer wishes to prove; the grounds of the argument are the
facts and evidence that support the claim; the warrant is what links the grounds to the claim; the
backing is additional warrant support; the qualifier is used to show that the claim does not
always apply to all situations and the rebuttal is acknowledging that there are other valid
viewpoints for the claim.
ROGERIAN ARGUMENT
A Rogerian argument is an argument used to determine the best possible solution to a particular
issue based on the interests and needs of all parties involved. This type of argument is used to
help those with opposing viewpoints reach a common ground by allowing them to look at a
situation from a different perspective. In a Rogerian argument, both parties acknowledge the
opposition and build trust by identifying the people’s merit.
1. SIMILARITIES OF THE 3