MAT401: Analysis III. Practice Test 1.

Gideon A. Ngwa∗
October 23, 2023

TIME ALLOWED: 3 hours. ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS.

1. (20 Marks). Define what it means for a bounded function f : [a, b] → R to be (i) of
Bounded variation on [a, b] and (ii) Riemann integrable on [a, b] (iii) Monotone on [a, b]
(iv) has a rectifiable path joining the points (a, f (a)) and (b, f (b)) in the plane. After
each of your definitions, give two examples: one to demonstrates how the definition works
and the other to demonstrate how the concept represented by the definition fails.

2. (a) Prove or disprove

i. (3 marks.) If f : [a, b] → R is a function with f ∈ C1 [a, b], then the function f
is of bounded variation on [a, b].

x, x ∈ [−a, a] ∩ Q
ii. (3 marks.) If f : [−a, a] → R defined by f (x) = where
0, x ∈ [−a, a] ∩ Qc
a > 0 and Q is the set of rationals, then f is not Riemann integrable on [−a, a].

x, x ∈ [−a, a] ∩ Q
iii. (3 marks.) Let f : [−a, a] → R be f (x) = where
−x, x ∈ [−a, a] ∩ Qc
a > 0 and Q is the set of rationals, then |f | is Riemann integrable on [−a, a].
iv. (3 marks.) If γ : [a, b] → Rn is a vector valued function with γ ∈ C1 [a, b],
then the arc lengthR of the curve γ ∈ Rn can be found by calculating the definite
b
Riemann integral a kγ 0 (s)kds. Hence, or otherwise, find the arc length of the
path γ : [0, a] → <2 defined for a > 0 by γ(t) = (t cos t, t sin t). What is the
numerical value when a = π?
(b) (3 marks.) Using the definition of arc length, or otherwise,
p calculate the arc length
of the plane curve defined by the set S = {(x, y) ∈ R2 : x2 + y 2 = 12 r}, r ∈ R∗+ .
(c) (3 marks.)
R 1 Use the definition of the Riemann integral as 1a generalised sum to
calculate −1 f (x)dx where f (x) = x, x ∈ [−1, 0], and f (x) = 2 for x ∈ (0, 1].
(d) (6 marks.) Find the total variation function for f : [−1, 1] → [−1, 1], defined by
the formula f (x) = x(x2 − 1), x ∈ [−1, 1]. Hence, write f as a difference of two
non-decreasing functions
∗
Professor of Applied Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Department of Mathematics, University of Buea, P.
O. Box 63, Buea.

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3. (12 marks.) Let f : [a, b] → < be a function. Prove that if f is monotonic on [a, b] then
f is of bounded variation on [a, b] and that if f is of bounded variation on [a, b] then f
is bounded on [a, b]. Is the converse of each of these results true? Justify your answers
with examples.

4. (20 marks.) (a) Define the following notions: (i) an upper Riemann integral, (ii) a lower
Riemann integral, (iii) a generalised Riemann sum (iv) a Riemann integral .
k
(b) Let f : x 7→ x1 , x ∈ [1, 2]. Let Pn ∈ P[1, 2] be a partition of [1, 2] with xk = 2 n , xk ∈ P
for each k R= 0, 1, 2, · · · , n. By calculating the upper and lower Riemann integrals of f ,
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show that 1 x1 dx = ln(2).
(c): Give a justified example of a bounded real function that is not integrable, and
deduced that R bnot all bounded functions are Riemann integrable.
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(d): Find a x dx by using a generalised Riemann sum and choosing the intermediate
points such that the value of the generalised sum is exact.