Basic Science (Physics) 22102

Experiment No. 12: Boyle's Law

Practical Significance
Various engineering applications such as vehicle tyres , aerosols cans, steam engines
and combustion engines works on the principle of Boyle's law of Gases. Many fuel
gases are stored under high pressure to occupy smaller volume. In this experiment
student determines the relation between the change in pressure and volume of gas.
Relevant Program Outcomes (POs) and PSOs
PO1: Basic knowledge
PO2: Discipline knowledge
PO3: Experiments and practice
III RelevantCourse Outcomes
(c) Use the basic principles of heat and optics for related engincering applications.
Practical Learning Outcome
Determine the pressure-volume relation using Boyle's law.
Practical Skills
Measurement skills

VI Relevant Affective domain related Outcomes

a. Handling instrument carefully.
b. Practice good housekeeping.
c. Demonstrate working as a team member.
VII Minimum Theoretical Background
Gas is a state of matter that has no fixed shape and no fixed volume. Gases
have lower density than other states of matter, such as solids and liquids. When more
gas particles enter a container, there is less space for the particles to spread out, and
they becomecompressed. The particles exert more force on the interior volume of the
container. This force is called pressure. Temperature, pressure, and volume of a gas
are interdependent, and many scientists have developed laws to describe the
relationships among them.These variables of gases are related with each other and
magnitude of these variables or properties will determine the state of gas.
According to Boyle's law, at constant temperature and for afixed mass of gas,
absolute pressure of the gas is inversely proportional to volume of gas. If absolute
pressure of the gas is P and volume of the gas is V, at constant temperature and for a
fixed mass of gas, we will have following relationship between absolute pressure P
and volume V It could also be defined as product of pressure and volume will be
constant for a gas of fixed mass and constant temperature.

Pa at constant temperature or V=coStaHtt

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 Basic Science (Physics) 22102

VIII Circuit diagram / Experimental set-up /Work

Situation
Open tube Close tube

Scale

he

Mercury

Fig.01

IX Resources required
S. No. Particulars Specifications Quantity Remark
1 Barometer Simple mercury 01
barometer
2 Boyle's law apparatus As per
01
3
Spirit level Standard 01
availability
5
Mercury 1.25kg
Thermometer 0 to 100 °C 01

X Procedure
1. Find atmospheric pressure using Barometer.
2. Set up the Boyle's Law experiment apparatus by using sprit level.
3. Adjust the height of mercury in open and closed tube at the same level.
4. Note down,
Volume of air in closed tube V.
b. Height of Hg in closed tube h,.
c. Height of Hg in open tube h,.
d. Findh= hÍ - he
5. Keep close tube at constant height.
6. Change the height of open tube in upward direction.
7. Note down,
a. Volume of air in closed tube V.

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 Basic Science (Physics) 22 102

b. Height of Hg in closed tube h.

C. Height of Hg in open tube ho.
d. Find h= hÍ - he
8. Repeat step 06 and 07 for two times.
9. Repeat step 06 and 07 for downward direction.
10. Calculate pressure P for each reading.
11. Calculate P x V for each reading.
12. Calculate mean value of P x V.
13. Plot a graph of Pagainst
14. Calculate the slope of graph.
XI Precautions
1. Keep eye position in the level with the Mercury Meniscus while
observations. taking
2. Handle the apparatus carefully as mercury is
poisonous.
XII Actual procedure followed

XII Resources used (with major specifications)

XIV Precautions followed

XV Observations and Calculations

1)Atmospheric pressure (H) = 62.2.cm of Hg
2) Roomn temperature =
23.."C
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 Basic Science (Physics) 22102

Volume of| 1/V Height of Hg h = hÍ - hc P = H +PxV

Sr. enclosed air cm in closed | in open Cm h
No. V cm tube tube cm

he cm h, cm of Hg
1
g2 555 62-S 694-6
2
0 09 5-5 7474
3 lo5 54-5 575 3 7:5 750-7
4
54-5 545 685 657: 6
|00 54-0 52-5 -]:5 G7 670
6
S10 -3 65.5 6 74·6
7
53-0 465 -65 682
62
Mean (Px V) 696-7
Sample calculation.
1. VË ..!. .......C.C.
2. =,.... ... 009 ..per c.C.

3. he =.......53 .cm of Hg
4. ho =..... 4C5. .....cm of Hg
5. h-ho -h, =..:6: cm of Hg
6. P=H +h =...5.. cm of Hg
7. PV =..... ..6.82......

Graph: 4 P

1/v

XVI Result:

1. Px V- .961. By calculation.
2. Px V=
By graph.

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XVII Interpretation of results

..EASaaAAS.....amG.....4AS..su...ackicaiy
XVIII Conclusions and Recommendations
Okine he preue...Nodmc..hon.S.ng.
.Bayics.Law.
XIX Practical Related Questions.
Note: Below given are few sample questions for reference. Teachers must design
more such questions so as to ensure the achievement ofidentified CO.
1. State new volume of the gas if the pressure on 350 cmn' of oxygen at 720 mm Hg is
decreased to 600 mm Hg?
2. Can we measure the atmospheric pressure using Boyle's law apparatus?
3. Give the name of gas enclosed in closed tube.

XX References / Suggestions for further Reading

b
http://www.hkdivedi.com/2016/02/boyles-law.html#sthash.jhsSJixA.dpuf
http://amrita.olabs.edu.in/?sub=1&brch-S&sim-226&cnt=1
C. http://www.chemistryexplained.com/Fe-Ge/Gases.html
XXI Assessment Scheme:

Performance indicators Weightage

Process related: 15 Marks 60%
1 Arrangement of apparatus 20
2 Measurement of heights 20
3 Calculations 10
4 Involvenment in experiment 10
Product related: 10 Marks 40%
1 Accuracy of measurement 10
2. Interpretation from graph 10
3 Conclusions & Recommendations 10
4 Practical related questions 10

List of student Team Members

1.

2.
3.

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Marks Obtained Dated Signature of

Teacher
Process Product Total
Related (15) Related (10) (25)

[Space to WriteAnswers]

..2y.ayic.law.
120X 350 = 600xV2

N.z.aJ20 X35)
6o0

420 Cm

..E)...yls..u..s.sn.bs..ASSd......sakculakc.
. ...shaped..uhe
aAomospheis..I.sS.LAAE.uitth.. i.mpls.. glass.

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