1. What is Barbarossa?

 Barbarossa is the German name for the invasion of the Soviet Union.
This operation opened the Eastern Front.
2. Describe the actions taken during the execution of Barbarossa.
 German forces advanced in three directions. The first moved towards
Leningrad, known as the 'North' Army. The second, the most
powerful, advanced through Minsk and Smolensk towards Moscow,
known as the 'Center' Army. The third army advanced towards
Ukraine, known as the 'South' Army.
3. Who was General Zhukov?
 Zhukov was a Soviet Marshal and commander. He distinguished
himself in the war against Japan in 1939 in Mongolia. He commanded
units on the Leningrad Front and coordinated Russian troops in the
battles of Stalingrad and Kursk. He served as the Minister of Defense
of the USSR from 1955 to 1957. He passed away in 1974 and was
buried within the walls of the Kremlin.
4. Which battle marked a turning point in World War II? Why is this
battle considered a turning point?
 The Battle of Stalingrad marked a turning point in World War II. In
this battle, the German army suffered a collapse, losing over three
hundred thousand soldiers, more than three thousand tanks, and
aircraft.
5. After which action did the United States enter World War II? Describe
the attack.
 The United States entered the war after the Japanese attack on Pearl
Harbor. On the morning of December 7, 1941, Japanese aviation sank
six aircraft carriers, two cruisers, nine destroyers, and three
submarines. Over two thousand American soldiers perished, while the
Japanese lost thirty aircraft and seventy soldiers.
6. What operation is referred to as D-Day? Describe the course of the
operation.
 Operation 'Overlord' opened the second front in Europe. Three
million people, 7,000 ships, and 13,000 aircraft were involved in the
operation. The operation was led by Dwight D. Eisenhower.
7. When and how did World War II in Europe end?
 In the summer of 1944, the Allies began massive bombings of
German cities, bridges, and factories. Soviet units reached the Oder
River in February 1945, just 70 km from Berlin. The Allies demanded
unconditional surrender, which Hitler refused. Hitler committed
suicide on April 30, 1945. The Red Army captured Berlin, and on May
9, unconditional surrender was announced.
8. After the end of World War II in Europe, where did the war continue?
 The war continued in the Far East. Japan fought against the United
States. The Americans suffered significant losses, prompting them to
use a new weapon - the atomic bomb.
9. When and how did World War II finally end globally?
 After the bombings of Hiroshima (Little Boy) and Nagasaki (Fat Man),
Japan signed an unconditional surrender on September 2, 1945,
marking the end of World War II.
10. When was the Atlantic Charter signed, between whom, and for
what purpose?
 The Atlantic Charter was signed in August 1941 between Roosevelt
(USA) and Churchill (UK). It emphasized that there were no territorial
ambitions between the USA and the UK, and it called for freedom of
the seas and the removal of trade barriers.
11. When was the United Nations (UN) founded, and for what
purpose?
 The United Nations was founded in 1945 with the primary goal of
maintaining international peace and security.
12. What is significant about the Tehran Conference, what was
agreed upon, and between whom?
 The Tehran Conference was the first meeting between the three
major Allied powers: the USSR (Joseph Stalin), the USA (Franklin
Roosevelt), and the UK (Winston Churchill). It was agreed that three
months after the end of the war in Europe, the Soviets would declare
war on Japan, and Germany would be divided into zones of influence
for the other major powers.