Introduction to Grid Computing

What is a Grid?

• Many definitions exist in the literature:

• “A computational grid is a hardware and software infrastructure

that provides dependable, consistent, pervasive (large
infrastructure), and inexpensive access to high-end computational
facilities”
• Foster and Kesselman, 1998
 3-point checklist (Foster 2002)
1. Coordinates/Access of resources not subject to
centralized control

2. Uses standard, open, general-purpose protocols

and interfaces

3. Deliver non-trivial Qualities of Service (QOS)

• e.g., response time, throughput, availability,
security
 Grid Architecture

Autonomous, globally distributed computers/clusters

 Name Some of the Major Grid
URL/Sponsor Focus Projects
EuroGrid, eurogrid.org Create tech for remote access to super
Grid Interoperability European Union comp resources & simulation codes; in
(GRIP) GRIP, integrate with Globus Toolkit™
Globus Project™ globus.org Research on Grid technologies;
DARPA, DOE, development and support of Globus
NSF, NASA, Msoft Toolkit™; application and deployment
GridLab gridlab.org Grid technologies and applications
European Union
 Grid Simulation tools
• GridSim – job scheduling
• SimGrid – single client multi-server scheduling
• Bricks – scheduling
• GangSim- Ganglia Virtual Organization(VO)
• OptoSim – Data Grid Simulations
• G3S – Grid Security services Simulator – security
services
Introduction to Cloud Computing
 What is Cloud Computing?
• Cloud Computing is a general-term used to describe a new
class of network-based computing that takes place over the
Internet:

– a collection/group of integrated and networked hardware,

software and Internet infrastructure (called a platform).

– Using the Internet for communication and transport

• Hides the complexity and details of the underlying

infrastructure
 What is Cloud Computing?
• On demand services, that are always ON,
Anywhere, Anytime and Any place.

• Pay for use and as needed, elastic:

– scale up and down in capacity and functionalities

• Shared pool of configurable computing resources

• On-demand network access

 Cloud Summary

• A number of characteristics:
– Remotely hosted: Services or data are hosted on remote
infrastructure

– Accessibility: Services or data are available from anywhere

– Commodified: The result is a utility computing model

similar traditional utilities, like gas and electricity - you pay
for what you would want!
Service
Models
Cloud Service Models
Cloud Providers
 Top
500

• www.top500.org
• 500 most powerful computer systems installed
• Linpack benchmark performance
• Number of floating point operations is determined
by standard linpack
 Theoretical, Achieved

Benchmarked Theoretical
Performance Performance
Top500 List – Nov. 2016
Top500 List – Nov. 2016
Top500 List – Nov.
2016
Top500 List – Nov.
2016
Top500 List – Nov.
2016
Top500 List – Nov.
2016
Top500 List – Nov.
2016
Top500 List – Nov.
2016
Top500 List – Nov.
2016
 Top500 List – Nov. 2016

Write down the difference between

SAAS
PAAS
IAAS