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Common CBLM Operate Personal Computer Final
Common CBLM Operate Personal Computer Final
Qualification:
TECHNICAL DRAFTING NC II
Unit of Competency:
: OPERATE PERSONAL COMPUTER
Module Title:
OPERATING PERSONAL COMPUTER
If you have questions, don’t hesitate to ask your Trainer for assistance.
After completing this module, ask your Trainer to assess your competence. Result
of your assessment will be recorded in your competency profile. All the learning
activities are designed for you to complete at your own pace.
In this module, you will find the activities for you to complete and relevant
information sheets for each learning outcome. Each learning outcome may have
more than one learning activity.
This module is prepared to help you achieve the required competency, in receiving
and relaying information. This will be the source of information that will enable you
to acquire the knowledge and skills in operating personal computer independently
at your own pace with minimum supervision from your Trainer.
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LEARNING OUTCOMES:
LO1. Plan and prepare for tasks to be taken/undertaken
ASSESSMENT CRITERIA:
1. Requirements of tasks determined in accordance with the required
output
2. Appropriate hardware and software selected according to task
assigned and required outcome
3. Task planned to ensure that OH and S guidelines and procedures
followed
4. Client-specific guidelines and procedures followed
5. Required data security guidelines applied in accordance with
existing procedures
6. Data entered into the computer using appropriate
program/application in accordance with company procedure
7. Accuracy of information checked and information saved in
accordance with standard operating procedures
8. Inputted data stored in storage media according to requirements
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PREREQUISITE:
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LEARNING
PLAN AND PREPARE FOR TASKS TO BE UNDERTAKEN
OUTCOME #1
CONTENTS:
Reading and comprehension skills required to interpret work
instructions and to interpret basic user manuals
OH and S principles and responsibilities
Main types of computers and basic features of different operating
systems
Main parts of a computer
Storage devices and basic categories of memory
Relevant types of software
General security, privacy legislation and copyright
ASSESSMENT CRITERIA:
1. Requirements of tasks determined in accordance with the required
output
2. Appropriate hardware and software selected according to task assigned
and required outcome
3. Task planned to ensure that OH and S guidelines and procedures
followed
4. Client-specific guidelines and procedures followed
5. Required data security guidelines applied in accordance with existing
procedures
CONDITION:
The students/trainees must be provided with the following:
Equipment:
- 1 unit of computer
- voltage regulator/UPS
Learning Materials:
- Learning manuals
- Work instruction
- Hand-outs
Supplies/materials:
- Operating system
- Application program
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2. Answer the self check 4.1-1 Compare your answer to the answer key
2.1-1. If you got 100% correct answer in
this self-check, you can now proceed to
the next Information Sheet. If not review
the information sheet and go over the self-
check again.
If you have some problem on the content of the
3. Read Information Sheet 4.1-2 information sheets don’t hesitate to approach
Computer Hardware your facilitator.
If you feel that you are now knowledgeable
on the content of the information sheets,
you can now answer Self Check provide in
the module.
4. Answer the self check 4.1-2 Compare your answer to the answer key
2.1-2. If you got 100% correct answer in
this self-check, you can now proceed to
the next Information Sheet. If not review
the information sheet and go over the self-
check again.
If you have some problem on the content of the
5. Read Information Sheet 4.1-3 information sheets don’t hesitate to approach
your facilitator.
Computer Storage Devices If you feel that you are now knowledgeable
on the content of the information sheets,
you can now answer Self Check provide in
the module.
6. Answer the self check 4.1-3 Compare your answer to the answer key
2.1-3. If you got 100% correct answer in
this self-check, you can now proceed to
the next Learning Outcome. If not review
the information sheet and go over the self-
check again.
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Learning Objectives:
After reading this INFORMATION SHEET, YOU MUST be able to:
1. understand history of computer;
2. identify the different type of computer.
Computers have revolutionized all types of industries. They have proved a boon
to mankind. What are the different types of computers? To know them all, read
on…
Analog Computers: These are almost extinct today. These are different from a
digital computer because an analog computer can perform several mathematical
operations simultaneously. It uses continuous variables for mathematical
operations and utilizes mechanical or electrical energy.
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These were some of the different types of computers available today. Looking at
the rate of the advancement in technology, we can definitely look forward to
many more types of computers in the near future.
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MULTIPLE CHOICE:
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1. A
2. C
3. B
4. D
5. A
Learning Objectives:
After reading this INFORMATION SHEET, YOU MUST be able to:
1. discuss computer hardware;
2. identify the parts of computer hardware
Computer Hardware
Now that you know a little bit about the history of computers and how they are
useful in various work situations throughout the world, this lesson will tell you
what makes up today’s personal computer (PC). You learn about basic computer
hardware and the importance of keeping your computer and its data safe. Next,
you learn all about operating systems—the software that makes it possible for
you to use your computer—with a focus on Microsoft Windows XP. Finally, you
learn about applications software and how a computer network operates
A Mouse
Most computers come with a mouse. A mouse is just a pointing device for
selecting items on the screen. Some designs are different, including the mouse
with a small wheel with which you can do some added tricks. An alternative to
the mouse is a track ball, a stationary cradle containing a ball that you roll with
your fingertips. Laptop computers offer another alternative, the touchpad—a
pressure-sensitive surface built into the keyboard console. It lets you move your
cursor by tracing your finger on the touchpad itself.
This mouse is designed to fit the shape of a human hand and contains a wheel
for extra functionality.
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The optimized keyboard helps reduce the stress on wrists, arms, and elbows.
Monitors
Monitors are a requirement, so they are often included as standard equipment,
but not always. Today, monitors are available in all price ranges. Most people
think the bigger the monitor, the better, as long as it fits within their allotted
budget range. Granted, bigger is more expensive, but today a 17-inch monitor
doesn’t cost much more than a 15-inch monitor and the difference is more than
worth it. The more screen space you have, the easier it is to work with your
applications on the computer. Remember, however, that the bigger the display,
the larger the tube. A larger tube takes up more room on your desk. (Many
manufacturers do offer short-tube monitors that don’t eat up a lot of desktop
real estate.)
It’s not fancy, but this typical computer monitor is all you need.
A good choice when your desk space is at a premium is the flat-panel display, or
LCD monitor. An LCD is a tubeless monitor that uses a liquid crystal
technology. These monitors require much less desk space, and the absence of a
picture tube means lower power consumption and less heat thrown off in your
room. The cost is higher than that of a traditional monitor, but the prices are
coming down.
CD Drive
Almost all computers have CD drives as standard equipment. Most software
today is shipped on CDs, as are all the essential learning programs, games, and
reference tools such as Microsoft Encarta, an encyclopedia. A CD drive also
allows you to use CDs (short for compact disc) with your computer. CD drives
are rated by the speed at which they can access information on the CD,
indicated with a number like 12x, 20x, 32x, or 40x, which is read as “40 speed.”
CD drives come in two types: read-only and recordable. With the read only model,
you can’t save or store any of your own information on a normal CD. Such a CD
drive is the computer equivalent of a stereo record that can also hold text and
graphics. Recordable CD drives allow you to copy information to them as you
would to floppy disks.
Sound Cards
A sound card is like your stereo amplifier at home, although it does considerably
more than that! Unless you open your computer, you won’t see your computer’s
sound card, and if you don’t have one, you won’t be able to hear any of the sounds
a computer is capable of generating. Most computers come equipped with sound
cards.
A description of a sound card can be confusing because it has so many
incomprehensible-sounding features: MIDI libraries, MIDI interface, sampling
capabilities, and audio playback rates. Despite the confusing jargon, you want a
sound card that supports the latest standards and features if possible. When a
PC is described as a multimedia PC, it will include a sound card. If you’re not
buying a new computer or are simply upgrading your existing sound card, look
for the most common features across the different brands.
Speakers
With a sound card, a CD drive, and speakers, you can play regular audio CDs on
your computer and enjoy many of the other audio features of the applications on
your computer. But as with your stereo, you can’t hear anything unless you have
speakers! Most likely, your computer will come with speakers. Speakers come in
all price ranges, but even the less expensive ones work well. The speakers plug
into the back of your computer, and look similar to the ones shown below.
With these speakers, you can hear music and other special audio, as well as the
everyday reminders and warning sounds your computer makes.
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Zip Drives
A Zip drive is the newer version of a floppy disk drive. Zip drives, sometimes built
into new computers, use a Zip disk that is about twice as thick as a floppy disk
and holds 100 megabytes of information (250 megabytes for the newest model)—
about 80 times more than a standard floppy disk. A Zip drive is something to
consider if you will be working with many photographs that take up a lot of disk
space for each image. These drives also provide a convenient way to make backup
copies of all the important files you want to keep.
Modems
Modems are now as ubiquitous as computers, and more often than not, they come
built into computers. You must have a modem to connect to the Internet, so make
sure that your computer has one. If you use telephone lines for Internet access,
the typical speed for a home modem is 56 K. If your computer doesn’t have one
already installed internally, you can obtain an external modem, which sits near
your computer rather than inside it. External modems are widely available and
require minimum installation.
If you use cable or a dedicated line for Internet access, you will need a specialized
modem. These are much faster than the modems designed to work with the
telephone lines, but they are more expensive.
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Laser Printers
Laser printers, long the standard for professional and corporate users, are fast
and efficient, and typically are much faster than ink jet printers. Some laser
printers can print 32 ppm (pages per minute), which is blazingly fast. They also
offer multiple trays for different paper sizes and a host of other features. If you
have a small business that requires a good deal of printing or invoicing, or if you
expect to use your printer for a community publishing system for a club or group,
this type of printer will give you very fast results. However, unless you buy an
expensive color laser, you are signing up for black-and-white printing only.
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DVD drives still accept standard CD-ROM disks and audio CDs, so you don’t need
a CD drive if you get a DVD drive.
Use a scanner such as this one to move print pictures onto your computer.
Scanners are great if you have many pictures that you want to preserve or share
with others. Scanners are also great if you have a lot of typed text that you want
to store on the computer. Scanners now come with OCR (optical character
recognition) software that actually reads the text on the page and turns it into a
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Special Needs
What happens when someone can’t use a standard keyboard or mouse? Or what
if someone can’t read the screen well or hear the computer’s audio cues? Smaller
companies have created a whole class of hardware for special needs. If you’re
visually or hearing impaired, or suffer from arthritis or partial paralysis, some
useful and well-conceived alternatives are available for you. Some special needs
options are built into Windows, and there is a universe of hardware and software
options available as well.
The range of options is almost as diverse as the range of special needs. To find
the best software and hardware solution, ask your specialist or local gerontologist
for more information. When you get on the Web, you’ll find a huge number of
resources to choose from as well.
Note
Windows XP comes with Accessibility Options, which address many special
computing needs. Visit http://www.microsoft.com/enable/products/ for details
on how to access these features and for more information on other accessibility
products.
Other Attachments
Besides all the things commonly attached to a computer, an impressive array of
other attachments exists. Here are some of the things that might catch your eye.
If it’s an electrical appliance, there’s a good chance that one model or another can
connect to your computer. Here is a partial list:
■ Some types of musical keyboards referred to as MIDI keyboards or MIDI
compatible keyboards can be connected to your computer so that you can
record a performance, edit it, and play it back.
■ Robotics toys allow you to build a robot, program it on your PC, and then
let it roam around your home executing your instructions.
■ Digital video cameras can be attached to your computer, and you can
transfer images to or from your computer.
■ Digital cameras, which are cameras that take instant, filmless pictures,
allow you to snap away and then transfer the pictures directly to your PC.
■ Sewing machines connect to a personal computer and do extraordinary
multicolored stitch work based on the orders you
give it.
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A B
Mouse
Keyboards
Monitors
Speakers
Scanners
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Keyboards
Monitors
Speakers
Scanners
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Learning Objectives:
Knowing what kinds of storage devices are available can keep you from using up
too much space on your computer’s hard drive. They can also help keep your
computer’s hard drive from crashing, along with keeping it running at top speed.
Floppy Disks
Zip Disks
CD + RW
CD + R
DVD + RW
DVD + R
Floppy Disk – They are plastic square disks, usually with a silver or black sliding
piece going across the top. These disks come in a variety of colors and they hold
about 144 million bytes. (Bytes are characters, symbols and letters).
Zip Disk – They look like a floppy disk, but they are a little thicker. This disk also
comes in a variety of colors and holds about 200 MB of data.
CD + RW Disc (Compact Disc Rewriteable) – This disc looks like a regular CD.
The only difference is that you can write on this disc and erase it as many times
as you want. It works just like a floppy disk or a zip disk. A CD + RW disc holds
about 650 MB.
c (Compact Disc Recordable) – This one is a CD that you can record on. It’s mostly
used to record audio and once it’s been written on, you cannot rewrite or erase
anything off of it. This compact disc comes in different sizes, but they are usually
silver in color. (Some CDs are black in color and they actually don’t get as many
scratches on them as the silver ones do. They are also a lot less fragile).
A DVD – R Disc (Digital Video Recordable) – These discs hold the space of about
4.7 GB and are used to record movies on.
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Removable Hard Drive – This is a disk drive in which a plastic or metal case
surrounds the hard drive. It can be inserted and removed just like a floppy disk.
It holds about 2 GB of data.
Internet Hard Drive – This one is a service on the Internet that provides storage
space to computer users. This service offers about 25 MB of space, but it could
be more, depending on the service type.
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PC Card – This is a thin credit card size device that fits into a PC card slot, usually
on a notebook computer. This card simply adds storage to most notebooks.
Smart Cards – These are the size of an ATM card. When inserted into a smart
card reader, they can read and update data for you.
Memory Sticks – This is a rectangular shaped disk that is used mostly with
digital cameras and notebook computers. They hold approximately 128 MB as
well.
Micro Drive – This is a square disk that has 1 GB of space and is used with
digital cameras and handheld computers.
Smart Media Disc – This is a square disk that has 2 MB to about 128 MB of
space on it. It’s used with digital cameras, handheld computers and photo
printers.
There you go! These are just some of the storage devices that are available
today. So, the next time you want to save something that takes up a large
amount of space on your hard drive, think twice about it and consider using
one of these storage devices instead. One of these devices could save you a lot of
space on your hard drive and keep your system running at its best!
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MULTIPLE CHOICE:
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LEARNING
INPUT DATA INTO COMPUTER
OUTCOME #2
CONTENTS:
Relevant types of software
Communication skills to identify lines of communication, request
advice, follow instructions and receive feedback
Storage devices and basic categories of memory
Basic ergonomics of keyboard and computer user
ASSESSMENT CRITERIA:
1. Data entered into the computer using appropriate
program/application in accordance with company procedure
2. Accuracy of information checked and information saved in
accordance with standard operating procedures
3. Inputted data stored in storage media according to requirements
4. Work performed within ergonomic guidelines.
CONDITION:
The students/trainees must be provided with the following:
Equipment:
- 1 unit of computer
- voltage regulator/UPS
Learning Materials:
- Learning manuals
- Work instruction
- Hand-outs
Supplies/Materials:
- Operating system
- Application program
EVALUATION METHOD:
Hands-on
Direct observation
Practical demonstration
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Learning Outcome 2
INPUT DATA INTO COMPUTER
Learning Activities Special Instructions
1. Read Information Sheet If you have some problem on the content of
4.2-1 Major Types of the information sheets don’t hesitate to
Software approach your facilitator.
If you feel that you are now knowledgeable
on the content of the information sheets,
you can now answer Self Check provided in
the module.
2. Answer Self-Check for Compare your answer to the answer key
4.2-1 4.2-1. If you got 100% correct answer in this
self-check, you can now to next information
sheet. If not review the information sheet
and go over the self-check again.
3. Read Information Sheet If you have some problem on the content of
4.2-2 OPERATING SYSTEM the information sheets don’t hesitate to
approach your facilitator.
If you feel that you are now knowledgeable
on the content of the information sheets,
you can now answer Self Check provided in
the module.
4. Answer Self-Check for Compare your answer to the answer key
4.2-2 4.2-2. If you got 100% correct answer in this
self-check, you can now go to the next
information sheet. If not review the
information sheet and go over the self-check
again.
5. Read Information Sheet If you have some problem on the content of
2.2-3 Customizing Windows the information sheets don’t hesitate to
Desktop approach your facilitator.
If you feel that you are now knowledgeable
on the content of the information sheets,
you can now answer Self Check provided in
the module.
6. Answer Self-Check for Compare your answer to the answer key
4.2-3 4.2-3. If you got 100% correct answer in this
self-check, you can now perform task sheet
2.-1. If not review the information sheet and
go over the self-check again.
Compare your work to the performance
7. Perform Task Sheet
checklist. If you got 100% correct answer in
4.2-1
this task, you can now move to the next
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Learning Objectives:
After reading this INFORMATION SHEET, YOU MUST be able to:
1. discuss major types of software;
Software is the means by which computer systems speak with computer users.
Software forms the heart of computer systems. What are the major types of
software? Read on to find out.
Programming Software: This is one of the most commonly known and popularly
used forms of computer software. These software come in forms of tools that
assist a programmer in writing computer programs. Computer programs are sets
of logical instructions that make a computer system perform certain tasks. The
tools that help the programmers in instructing a computer system include text
editors, compilers and interpreters.
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Apart from these three basic types of software, there are some other well-known
forms of computer software like inventory management software, ERP, utility
software, accounting software and others. Take a look at some of them.
Utility Software: Also known as service routine, utility software helps in the
management of computer hardware and application software. It performs a small
range of tasks. Disk defragmenters, systems utilities and virus scanners are some
of the typical examples of utility software.
Data Backup and Recovery Software: An ideal data backup and recovery
software provides functionalities beyond simple copying of data files. This
software often supports user needs of specifying what is to be backed up and
when. Backup and recovery software preserve the original organization of files
and allow an easy retrieval of the backed up data.
This was an overview of the major types of software. Computer software are widely
popular today and hence we cannot imagine a world of computers without them.
We would not have been able to use computers if not for the software. What is
fascinating about the world of computers is that it has its own languages, its ways
of communication with our human world and human interaction with the
computers is possible, thanks to computer software. I wonder, if the word 'soft'
in ‘software’ implies ‘soft-spokenness’, which is an important quality of a pleasant
communication
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A B
1. Programming Software A. It enables the end users to
accomplish certain specific
tasks.
2. System Software B. Software preserve the
original organization of files
and allow an easy retrieval of
the backed up data.
3. Application Software C. It helps in running the
computer hardware and the
computer system.
4. Utility Software D. These software come in
forms of tools that assist a
programmer in writing
computer programs
5. Data Backup and E. Also known as service
Recovery Software routine, It helps in the
management of computer
hardware and application
software.
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OPERATING SYSTEM
Learning Objectives:
After reading this INFORMATION SHEET, YOU MUST be able to:
1. discuss the importance of operating system;
2. identify the types of operating system.
For hardware functions such as input and output and memory allocation, the
operating system acts as an intermediary between application programs and the
computer hardware,[1][2] although the application code is usually executed directly
by the hardware and will frequently call the OS or be interrupted by it. Operating
systems are found on almost any device that contains a computer—from cellular
phones andvideo game consoles to supercomputers and web servers.
Types
Real-time
A real-time operating system is a multitasking operating system that aims
at executing real-time applications. Real-time operating systems often use
specialized scheduling algorithms so that they can achieve a deterministic
nature of behavior. The main objective of real-time operating systems is
their quick and predictable response to events. They have an event-driven
or time-sharing design and often aspects of both. An event-driven system
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Start menu
The Start menu is a primary conduit to functions and files. How to configure it
for individual preferences is discussed.
Many of the properties of the Start menu can be configured by right-clicking the
Start button and choosing "Properties" from the context menu. Figure 1 shows
the resulting properties sheet. To customize the Start menu, click the "Customize"
button. This will open the dialog box shown in Figure 2. Those who wish can
change the appearance of the Start menu to the older look by choosing "Classic
Start menu". Only the XP style will be considered in this discussion.
Figure 1. Properties sheet for Start menu
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Pinned programs
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One way to use Windows XP better and more efficiently is to have a quick path to your
most common tasks. Here's how to create useful shortcuts.
Everyone is familiar with the icons placed on the desktop, the shortcuts to open
programs. Many are also aware that shortcuts can be placed in the taskbar. However,
the average PC user is often unfamiliar with the various methods that exist for creating
shortcuts, not just to programs but also for other functions. There are a number of
methods for creating new shortcuts:
The drag and drop method can be used in several ways. Either the left or the right
mouse button can be used for drag and drop with somewhat different behavior. I prefer
the right-click method and this will be the basis for the rest of the discussion. Dragging
with the right-click brings up the context menu shown in the figure.
One way to employ drag and drop is to use the menu entry "Copy
Here" to make a copy of an existing shortcut in a different location. For example, an
entry in the Start-All Programs menu can be dragged to the desktop or to the Quick
Launch bar to place a copy of a shortcut in a more readily available spot.
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If the "Browse" button is selected, the dialog shown below will open. Here you can
select the file or folder that you wish to create a shortcut for (the target). Once the
desired folder or file has been selected, Click the "OK" button.
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To configure the taskbar, right-click in an empty space on the bar and select
“Properties” from the context menu. The resulting dialog box is shown in the figure
below.
Taskbar properties sheet
A variety of programs will place icons in the section of the taskbar on the far right
that typically contains the clock. In XP, Microsoft calls this the “Notification area”. It
was previously known as the “System tray”.
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It is possible to add customized toolbars to the middle area of the taskbar. Right-click
an empty spot on the taskbar and choose “Toolbars”. There are five standard default
choices , including “Quick Launch” (first figure below). (Other software may sometimes
add extra choices.) There is also an item “New toolbar” that allows the choice of any
folder (second figure below). The Desktop toolbar gives access to the contents of the
desktop without having to minimize any open windows. Similarly, a frequently used
folder can be made easily accessible by creating a toolbar for it.
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Screen Saver
Steps:
1. Open Display properties by Clicking Start, Control Panel & Display or Right Click
your desktop and choose properties.
2. Click Screen Saver Tab
3. Choose your screen saver and click apply.
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TRUE OR FALSE:
Write T if the statement is True and F if the statement is False.
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1. T
2. F
3. T
4. F
5. T
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Supplies/Materials : Functional PC
Equipment :
Steps/Procedure:
1. Start computer using your user account.
2. Customized your start menu to standard
3. Change number of programs in start menu to 10 & use Small Icon.
4. In advance tab
Check
Open menus when I pause on them with my mouse
Highlight newly installed programs
Control Panel
Display as menu
My Computer
Display as menu
My Document
Display as link
My Network Places – On
5. Change the desktop picture of your computer
6. Add Screen Saver
Assessment Method:
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CRITERIA Yes NO
Did the trainee:
Started computer using your user account.
Customized your start menu to standard
Changed number of programs in start menu to 10 & use Small
Icon
Changed the desktop picture of your computer
Changed Screen Saver
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CONTENTS:
Relevant types of software
Business application
System software
Basic ergonomics of keyboard and computer user
ASSESSMENT CRITERIA:
1. Correct program/application selected based on job requirements
2. Program/application containing the information required accessed according to company
procedures
3. Desktop icons correctly selected, opened and closed for navigation purposes
4. Keyboard techniques carried out in line with OHS requirements for safe use of keyboards
CONDITION:
The students/trainees must be provided with the following:
Equipment:
- 1 unit of computer
- voltage regulator/UPS
Learning Materials:
- Learning manuals
- Work instruction
- Hand-outs
Supplies/Materials:
- Operating system
- Application program
- Disks
EVALUATION METHOD:
Hands-on
Direct observation
Practical demonstration
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Learning Outcome 3
ACCESS INFORMATION USING COMPUTER
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Learning Objectives
Just a few years ago, correspondence was created with paper and pencils, pens, or
typewriters. Gone are the days, however, of correction fluid, crossed-out words, and
wads of crumpled papers scattered around your garbage can. Today most personal and
professional correspondence is created using computers. And, in most cases, those
computers are running a word-processing program to make the creation of documents
easier and more accurate.
Microsoft Word is one such word-processing program. With the help of Microsoft Word,
you can quickly and easily create memos, faxes, reports, letters, charts, and
newsletters. You can also, among other things, add graphics to documents and use
other Microsoft Office XP programs to import data into a Word document. Not only is
Word a convenient time-saver, but Word also allows you to check spelling and edit
documents before printing. No longer do reports, letters, and other documents have to
be completely retyped just because of an error or two. Word allows you to edit quickly
and leaves you with a very clean, professional-looking document (and saves you from
emptying your garbage can so often).
In this lesson, you will learn how to start and quit Word and how to identify the various
components in the Word window, such as the menu bar and toolbar. You’ll explore
the task pane, you’ll practice entering text into a document, and then you’ll save a
document. To complete the procedures in this lesson, you will create your own practice
files.
A toolbar is a group of buttons used to carry out commands. For example, the Drawing toolbar
contains buttons that you can use to draw and format pictures.
The taskbar is the strip along the bottom or side of the screen. You use the mouse pointer to
open applications on the taskbar.
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Rather than clicking the Start button, pointing to All Programs, and clicking the program that you
want to use, you can save time by creating a desktop shortcut. You simply double-click a shortcut
icon to start its associated program. To create a desktop shortcut to Word, click the Start button, point
to All Programs, point to Microsoft Word, and hold down the Ctrl key while you drag the Microsoft
Word icon to the desktop. Double-click the Word shortcut icon to open Word.
A desktop shortcut is represented by an icon with a curved arrow in the left corner. You can create a shortcut by right-
clicking the desired button-icon and clicking Create Shortcut. The shortcut icon can be moved to the desktop by dragging
the icon to the desktop.
Title bar The area of a window or dialog box that displays the name of the current
dialog box or application and the name of the current document. It is located along the
top of the window.
Menu bar The area that lists the names of the menus available in Word. A menu is a
collection of related commands from which you can make a selection. The menu bar is
located just below the title bar.
Standard toolbar A toolbar that provides quick access to the editing functions you
use frequently. For example, on the Standard toolbar, the button that you use to save
a document contains an icon of a floppy disk. The Standard toolbar is located just
below the menu bar.
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Insertion point A blinking vertical line in the document window that indicates where
the next character (any single letter, number, space, tab, page break, paragraph mark,
or symbol that can be entered in a document) typed from the keyboard will appear.
Selection area The area between the left edge of the window and the left edge of a line
of text. You position the mouse pointer in the selection area to select an entire line of
text. The pointer changes to a right-pointing arrow when it is positioned in the selection
area.
Ruler An on-screen scale marked with inches or other units of measure, which
changes the indentation of paragraphs, resets a page margin (an area of blank space
between the edge of the paper and the text), and adjusts the width of columns. The
ruler is located below the toolbars.
Scroll bars Bars that are used for moving the view of the document. The vertical scroll
bar is located along the right side of the window, and the horizontal scroll bar is located
along the lower portion of the window, just above the status bar.
Navigation buttons Buttons that are used for moving the view in a long document.
These buttons are located on the vertical scroll bar.
Status bar A bar that displays explanations of currently selected text at the bottom
edge of the program window.
Maximize/Restore Down button A button that switches back and forth, or toggles
(alternately turns an option on or off each time that the option is selected) between
displaying a window in its maximum size and restoring a window to its previous size.
It is located in the group of three buttons at the upper-right corner of the window.
Close button A button that closes the current window or application. It is located in
the group of three buttons at the upper-right corner of the window.
ScreenTip A help item that shows the name of a button or screen element when you
rest the mouse pointer on a toolbar button or screen element.
Task pane Word organizes commands for common tasks in the task pane, a small
window next to your document that opens when you need it. For example, when you
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tip
The task pane opens each time you start Word and closes when you open a document. If you don’t
want the task pane to appear each time you start Word, clear the Show at Startup check box in the
task pane.
Entering Text
You begin creating a document by simply typing text. When you enter text into a
document, you don’t have to press Enter at the end of each line. Word’s word wrap
automatically wraps text from one line to the next each time the insertion point reaches
the right margin. Word wrap breaks lines of text so that they stay within margin
boundaries; you don’t have to enter hard returns. You press Enter only when you want
to begin a new paragraph or insert a blank line. Word uses left and right page margins
of 1.25 inches and top and bottom margins of 1 inch by default; however, you can reset
the page margins.
As you type text, the insertion point moves, indicating the location for the next character. If you make
a mistake, press Backspace to delete characters to the left of the insertion point or press Delete to
delete characters to the right of the insertion point.
Saving a Document
The text that you enter is stored in the computer’s memory, which is temporary. To
keep the file for future use, you must store the document on your hard disk.
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Tip
Word saves documents for recovery in case the program stops responding or you lose
power. The Document Recovery task pane lists all recovered documents and allows you
to open the documents, view the repairs, and compare the recovered versions. Word
saves the changes in a recovery file based on the amount of time indicated in the
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Closing a Document
and Quitting Word
After a file is stored on your hard disk, you can clear it from the screen by closing the
document window or quitting Word. If the document has not been saved, Word prompts
you to save the file before closing the window.
To clear a document from the document window, on the File menu, click Close, or in
the upper-right corner of the screen, click the Close button. Closing the current
document window leaves Word still running. When you click Exit on the File menu,
the Word program quits.
1 On the File menu, click Close.
The document closes, leaving Word open but no documents open.
2 On the File menu, click Exit.
Word closes.
3 To restart Word, Click the Start button on the Windows taskbar, point to All
Programs, and click Microsoft Word. (You could also choose Microsoft Word from
the first column of the Start menu.)
Word starts.
4 Click the Close button on the New Document task pane.
Keep the new Word document open for the next exercise.
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1 How do you save a copy of the current document without changing the original
version?
2 What are two ways that you can close a document?
3 What happens when you click the button labeled with an X in the upper-right
corner of the Word window?
4 How do you separate the Standard and Formatting toolbars?
5 What is the Start menu used for?
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Formation of file and directory names are governed by the following rules:
REQUIREMENTS:
A. Page setup C. Change the whole document except the title:
Paper size = Letter Font size = 12
Orientation = Portrait Font style = Times New Roman
Margin: Alignment = Justify
Left = 1”
Right = 1” D. Spell Check the whole document
Top = 1” E. Italized “ For DOS and Windows 3.11.or 3.1 only
Bottom = 1” Number 4
B. Title
1. center align F. Underline all word “file/s” and “Directory /ies”
2. Font size = 18
3. Bold
4. Case = Uppercase
5. Font style - Arial
3. . Write “Prepared By:” and “Your Name” 5 spaces after the last entry of your exercise.
4. Save your work as “ ACT1”
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Assessment Method:
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CRITERIA Yes NO
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Learning Objectives:
Creating a Workbook
You start Excel by using any of the methods that you use to start other Microsoft
Windows programs.
1 On the Windows taskbar, click the Start button, point to All Programs, and
click Microsoft Excel.
Excel opens with Book1 ready for you to use.
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Element Description
Title bar Identifies the current program and the name of the
current workbook.
Menu bar Lists the names of the menus in Excel.
Toolbars Give you quick access to functions that you use
frequently, such as formatting, aligning, and
totaling cell entries. The Standard and Formatting
toolbars appear by default.
Name Box Displays the address of the active cell.
Formula Bar Displays the contents of the active cell.
Task pane Lets you open files, paste data from the Clipboard,
create blank workbooks, and create Excel
workbooks based on existing files.
Ask A Question box Displays the help topics that match your request,
when you type a question in the box.
Status bar Displays information about a selected command. It
also indicates the status (on or off) of the Caps Lock
and Num Lock keys.
Scroll bars Include a vertical and a horizontal scroll bar and
four scroll arrows, each of which is used to display
different areas of the worksheet.
Select All button Selects every cell in a worksheet.
Sheet tabs Let you display worksheets in the open workbook.
Worksheet A grid of vertical columns (identified by alphabetic
characters) and horizontal rows (identified by
numeric digits). Columns and rows intersect to form
cells. Each cell can be identified by a full-cell
reference, or address, consisting of the column and
row coordinates of that cell—for example, B3.
Active cell The cell, designated by a thick border, which will be
affected when you type or edit data.
Minimize button Minimizes the window to a button on the taskbar.
Maximize/Restore Toggles (switches back and forth) between
Down button maximizing a window and restoring a window to its
previous size.
Close button Closes the window on which the button appears.
ScreenTip A small pop-up box that displays the name of an
object or toolbar button if you point to it with the
mouse pointer.
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Selecting Cells
Before you can enter data into a worksheet, you must identify the cell (the
intersection of a row and a column) in which you want to put the data. This is known
as selecting the cell. You can select a single cell, a row, a column, and groups of
adjacent and nonadjacent cells.
To select a single cell, simply click that cell. When a cell is selected, a black border
surrounds it, and that cell becomes the active cell, as shown in the following
illustration.
You can select all of the cells in a worksheet by clicking the Select All button at the
top-left corner of the worksheet.
You can select a single row or column in a worksheet by clicking the corresponding
row or column selector.
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2 Click cell A5, hold down the Shift key, and click cell H16.
The range is selected, and A5 remains the active cell.
To select multiple
nonadjacent cell ranges,
select the first range, hold
down the Ctrl key, and then
select any additional ranges.
3 Click cell F17, hold down the Shift key, and press the Down arrow key four times.
The range of cells from F17 to F21 (referred to as F17:F21) is selected.
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Character Used To
+ Indicate a positive value
- or ( ) Indicate a negative value
$ Indicate a currency value
% Indicate a percentage
/ Indicate a fraction
. Indicate a decimal value
, Separate the digits of the entry
E or e Display the entry in scientific
(exponential) notation
If you start an entry with a plus sign to indicate a positive number, Excel ignores the
sign. If you type parentheses to indicate a negative number, the number appears with
a minus sign. If you include a dollar sign, a percent sign, a forward slash, a comma,
or an exponential symbol, the program automatically assigns a numeric format to the
entry.
By default, a numeric entry appears right-justified in a cell. If the entry is longer than
the defined width of the cell, it appears in scientific notation, as pound signs (####), or
rounded. Internally, however, Excel stores all numbers as originally entered.
In this exercise, you enter sales figures in your worksheet.
1 Click cell B3, type 42848, and press Enter.
The number is entered in cell B3, and B4 becomes the active cell.
2 Type 92346, and press Enter.
The number is entered in cell B4, and B5 becomes the active cell.
Keep this file open for the next exercise.
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You can also use the controls in the Save As dialog box to specify a different format for the new file.
. You also save the workbook as a Lotus file. (Lotus is another spreadsheet program.)
1 On the File menu, click Save As.
Excel displays the Save As dialog box. The files and folders that appear in this dialog box will
depend on the folder that was last used to save a workbook on your computer.
2 Click the Save In down arrow, and click the icon for your local hard disk (probably drive C).
3 Double-click the Computer Fundamentals Practice folder.
4 Click the Create New Folder button in the dialog box.
The New Folder dialog box appears.
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Renaming a Worksheet
By default, the worksheets in each Excel workbook are named Sheet1, Sheet2, and
Sheet3. Just as giving a unique name to your workbook helps you remember what is
in it, renaming a worksheet can remind you of its contents.
In this exercise, you give a worksheet a different name.
1 Double-click the Sheet1 sheet tab.
You can also rename a
Sheet1 is selected within the tab. worksheet by right-clicking
the sheet tab and then
2 Type Directory, and press Enter. clicking Rename.
Directory appears in the sheet tab.
Keep this file open for the next exercise.
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Rename worksheet
1. Double-click the Sheet1 sheet tab.
Sheet1 is selected within the tab.
2. Type Directory, and press Enter.
Directory appears in the sheet tab.
Keep this file open for the next exercise.
close all open workbooks at once.
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Supplies/Materials : Working PC
Equipment : PC
Steps/Procedure:
Assessment Method:
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CRITERIA Yes NO
Exit MS Excel
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Creating a Presentation
Learning Objectives:
With Microsoft PowerPoint, you can create overhead slides, speaker notes, audience
handouts, and outlines—all in a single presentation file. PowerPoint offers powerful
tools to help you create and organize a presentation step by step.
tip
You can also start PowerPoint by creating a shortcut icon on the Windows desktop.
Simply double-click a shortcut icon to start its associated program. To create a
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Toolbar Options
The Standard and Formatting toolbars are located directly below the menu bar. When
PowerPoint is first started, the Standard and Formatting toolbars appear on the same
row to save window space. Only the most commonly used commands appear on the
toolbars.
Outline/Slides Pane
The default view, Normal, is made up of three panes: Outline/Slides, Slide, and Notes.
The Outline/Slides pane has tabs that allow you to alternate between an outline of
the slide text (the Outline tab) and a list of the presentation’s slides displayed as
thumbnails (Slides tab). The Slide pane shows the slide as it will appear in the
presentation. The Notes pane is where you enter speaker notes. You can resize any of
the panes by dragging the gray bar that separates them.
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You can turn off the personalized menus feature so that all
commands appear all the time on the menus. On the Tools menu,
click Customize, click the Options tab, clear the Menus Show
Recently Used Commands First check box, and then click Close.
Slides Tab
In this exercise, you look at the Slides tab and use the Other Task Panes menu.
1 Position the pointer on the slide icon in the Slides tab of the Outline/Slides pane.
A ScreenTip appears when you position the pointer over the icon.
2 Click the Other Task Panes down arrow.
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tip
If the Office Assistant appears, click No, don’t provide help now in the help screen.
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Saving a Presentation
The work you have completed so far is stored only in your computer’s temporary
memory. To save your work for further use, you must give the presentation a name
and store it on your computer’s hard disk drive.
2 In the File Name box, type Contoso Employee Training Report Pres 01.
The word Pres in the file name is an abbreviation for Presentation.
3 Click the Save In down arrow, and then click drive C.
4 In the list of file and folder names, double-click the Computer Fundamentals Practice folder,
then the Part V folder, and then double-click the Lesson01 folder.
5 Click Save or press Enter to save the presentation.
The title bar name changes from Presentation1 to Contoso Employee Training Report Pres 01.
tip
PowerPoint saves presentations for recovery in case the program stops responding or you lose power.
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TRUE OR FALSE: Write T if The Statement is True And F if The Statement is False.
____1. You can also start PowerPoint by creating a shortcut icon on the Windows
desktop.
____2. The Standard and Formatting toolbars are located directly below the task
bar.
____3. The New Presentation task pane can help you work with existing
presentations as well as create new ones.
____4. The work you have completed so far is stored only in your computer’s
temporary memory called ROM.
____5. To save your work for further use, you must give the presentation a name
and store it on your computer’s hard disk drive.
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1. T
2. F
3. T
4. F
5. T
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Equipment : PC
Steps/Procedure:
Assessment Method:
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CRITERIA Yes NO
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LEARNING
PRODUCE OUTPUT/DATA USING COMPUTER SYSTEM
OUTCOME #4
CONTENTS:
Relevant types of software
Computer peripherals
Storage devices and basic categories of memory
ASSESSMENT CRITERIA:
1. Entered data processed using appropriate software commands
2. Data printed as required using computer hardware/peripheral devices
in accordance with standard operating procedures
3. Files and data transferred between compatible systems using
computer software, hardware/peripheral devices in accordance with
standard operating procedures
CONDITION:
The students/trainees must be provided with the following:
Equipment:
- 1 unit of computer
- printer
- voltage regulator/UPS
Learning Materials:
- Learning manuals
- Work instruction
- Hand-outs
Supplies/Materials:
- Operating system
- Application program
- Disks
EVALUATION METHOD:
Lecture-demonstration
Self-paced instruction
Group discussion
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Learning Outcome 4
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Steps
1. Open a program that allows you to insert text into a document or get on the
internet.
2. If you were to open a program, you would need to type text into the document.
If you were to get on the internet, you could skip to step 7.
3. After you have typed text into the document, you need to locate the menu bar,
click on file, then point to print.
4. Click on print.\
5. When the print dialog box appears, select the printer you want to use (if it is
not already selected) and select the number of copies to print.
6. Click OK.
7. If you were to print a page or pages from the internet, follow steps 3, 4, 5, and
6, except you don't have to type text into a document to print.
Printing Spreadsheet
1. Format your spreadsheet the way you want to see it printed. Add borders
and shading as necessary to your tables and adjust column widths so your
data fits without overlapping. The better job you do preparing your
spreadsheet from the beginning, the easier it will be to print. Include
features like headers and footers to ensure all the necessary information
will be on the printout.
2. Change the screen view from normal mode to print view mode. For
Microsoft Excel, click "View" on the menu bar and then click "Page Break
Preview." Other spreadsheets will likely have a similar process. If not, go to
the "Print Preview" page and, if necessary, turn on the margins by clicking
the appropriate button--usually "Margins."
3. Adjust the page breaks or margins by clicking on them and dragging them
in the direction you want them adjusted. Sometimes, the scale will
automatically adjust to fit your new margin or page-break definitions. If
not, you will have to do it manually.
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5. Click the "Print" button on the toolbar once all of the adjustments are made.
There is no way to determine exactly how the spreadsheet will look when it
is finally on paper, so you may have to go back and fine-tune some of your
adjustments in order to print out a copy that is professional and readable,
especially for extremely wide or complex spreadsheets.
On the Design tab, in the Page Setup group, click Page Setup.
In the Slides sized for list, click the size of paper on which you will be printing.
NOTES
If you click Custom, type or select the measurements that you want in
the Width and Height boxes.
To print an overhead transparency, click Overhead.
To set the page orientation for the slides, under Orientation, under Slides,
click Landscape or Portrait.
NOTE By default, PowerPoint slide layouts appear in landscape orientation. Although
you can use only one orientation (either landscape or portrait) in a presentation, you
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In the Print dialog box, under Print range, do one of the following:
To print specific slides numbers, click Slides, and then enter the slide numbers or
ranges in the adjoining box.
For information about printing handouts, see Create and print handouts.
If you select Outline view, PowerPoint prints only the text of your slides (as it
appears in outline view) and none of the graphics or animation.
Color (On Black and White Printer) If you print to a black-and-white printer, this
option prints in grayscale.
Grayscale This option prints images that contain variations of gray tones between
black and white. Background fills are printed as white, so that the text will be more
legible. (Sometimes grayscale appears the same as Pure Black and White.)
Pure Black and White This option prints the handout with no gray fills.
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To print a thin border around your slides, select the Frame slides check box.
Click Print.
NOTES
If you want to reset the print options and keep them as your default settings, do the
following:
1. Set the settings as you want them in the Print dialog box.
2. Click the Microsoft Office Button , click PowerPoint Options, and then
click Advanced.
3. Under When printing this document, click Use the most recently used print
settings.
If you are creating transparencies for an overhead projector, see Set the slide size and
orientation for printing. PowerPoint automatically optimizes your slides for either
black and white or color printers.
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1. Printing Document
Steps
1. When the print dialog box appears, select the printer you want to use
(if it is not already selected) and select the number of copies to print.
2. Click OK.
3. If you were to open a program, you would need to type text into the
document. If you were to get on the internet, you could skip to step 7.
4. If you were to print a page or pages from the internet, follow steps 3,
4, 5, and 6, except you don't have to type text into a document to
print.
5. Open a program that allows you to insert text into a document or get
on the internet.
6. After you have typed text into the document, you need to locate the
menu bar, click on file, then point to print.
7. Click on print.\
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Steps
1. Open a program that allows you to insert text into a document or get on
the internet.
2. If you were to open a program, you would need to type text into the
document. If you were to get on the internet, you could skip to step 7.
3. After you have typed text into the document, you need to locate the
menu bar, click on file, then point to print.
4. Click on print.\
5. When the print dialog box appears, select the printer you want to use (if
it is not already selected) and select the number of copies to print.
6. Click OK.
7. If you were to print a page or pages from the internet, follow steps 3, 4,
5, and 6, except you don't have to type text into a document to print.
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Steps/Procedure:
1. Start your computer
2. Open your MS word activity
3. Print preview and make necessary adjustment
4. Print the document
5. Open your Excel activity
6. Print preview and make necessary adjustments
7. Print your spreadsheet
8. Let your trainer check your work.
Assessment Method:
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CRITERIA Yes NO
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ASSESSMENT CRITERIA:
1. Information requirements for Internet search established
2. Browser launched
3. Search engine loaded
4. Appropriate search criteria and/or URL of site entered
5. Relevant links followed to locate required information
6. Useful pages bookmarked or printed as required
CONDITION:
The students/trainees must be provided with the following:
Equipment:
- 1 unit of computer
- voltage regulator/UPS
Learning Materials:
- Learning manuals
- Work instruction
- Hand-outs
Supplies/Materials:
- Operating system
- Application program
- Disks
- Paper
EVALUATION METHOD:
Hands-on
Direct observation
Practical demonstration
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Learning Outcome 5
USE BASIC FUNCTIONS OF A WEB BROWSER TO LOCATE INFORMATION
Learning Activities Special Instructions
1. Read Information Sheet If you have some problem on the content of
2.5-1 Using the Internet the information sheets don’t hesitate to
and the World Wide Web approach your facilitator.
If you feel that you are now knowledgeable
on the content of the information sheets,
you can now answer Self Check provided in
the module.
2. Answer Self-Check for Compare your answer to the answer key
2.5-1 2.5-1. If you got 100% correct answer in this
self-check, you can now Perform task Sheet
2.5-1. If not review the information sheet
and go over the self-check again.
3. Perform Compare your work to the performance
checklist. If you got 100% correct answer in
Task Sheet 2.5-1: Using the this task, you can now move to the next
Internet and the World Wide Information Sheet. If not review the
Web information sheet and go over the task
again.
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Almost everyone has heard of the Internet, and most people know that www
and dotcom have something to do with Web pages. But the Internet is much more
than just Web page addresses. With the Internet, you can read up-to-the- minute
news reports, reserve plane tickets, listen to music, send and receive electronic
messages, get weather reports, shop, conduct research, and much more.
What’s the difference between the Internet and the World Wide Web? The Internet
is a network of computers, cables, routers, and other hardware and software that
interconnect and run on a network. The World Wide Web consists of documents
that are transmitted across the Internet’s hardware. The Web is made up of Web
pages and Web sites. A Web page is a specially formatted document that can
include text, graphics, hyperlinks, audio, animation, and video. A Web site is a
collection of Web pages.
Information comes in many forms on the Internet. To travel the Internet and read,
view, or listen to the sights and sounds, you need a program called a browser. In
this chapter, you’ll learn what Web pages are, how to use Microsoft’s browser,
Microsoft Internet Explorer, and how to “surf” the Internet by following links
between Web pages.
What Is a Browser?
A browser is a program that displays files that are in the HTML (Hypertext Markup
Language) file format (in contrast to .doc files or .txt files that you view in your
word processing program).
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There are several easy ways to open Internet Explorer. Here are two:
■ Double-click the Internet Explorer icon on your desktop.
■ Open the Start menu and select Internet Explorer from your list of
programs.
If you aren’t connected to the Internet when you open Internet Explorer, it will
automatically dial up and connect you.
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■ Back. The Back button returns you to the previous page. You can click the
Back button repeatedly to backtrack to a page you visited previously. The
Back button goes back only to sites that you visited during your current
session. (To backtrack with the keyboard, press Backspace or Alt+Left
Arrow.)
■ Forward. The Forward button reverses the action of the Back button. If you
go back too many pages, the Forward button enables you to move up to
where you were. The Forward button goes forward only to sites that you
visited during your current session. (To go forward with the keyboard, press
Alt+Right Arrow.)
Tip
You can click the drop-down arrows on the Back and Forward buttons to choose
sites that you’ve already visited within a session.
■ Stop. The Stop button stops a newly selected page from loading. When a
page is taking a long time to load, or you see that it is not a page you want,
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Put your preferred home page address in the Home Page Address field and click
OK. That’s it. The next time you click the Home button or open Internet Explorer,
your new home page will appear.
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IMPORTANT
Your computer must be connected to a printer to complete the exercises in this section. In addition, you
should verify that your printer is turned on.
Beware of Copyrights
Copyright protection on the Internet is a sticky issue. To be safe, assume that all material contained in an
Internet document is copyrighted. That means that you can print material for your own private use, but you
can’t reuse or redistribute the material without permission. If you want to reuse material, such as a
photograph from the Lakewood Mountains Resort Web page, obtain permission from the Web site’s
“Webmaster” or the contact person listed on the page.
Occasionally, you’ll run across a site that offers free use of graphics or other material. For example, there
are a number of sites that provide icons, background patterns, and custom bullets for use without
permission. In those instances, feel free to copy and use the resources you find.
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4. a. This will bring you to a form. Fill in the form. What you type
in the box called
?Yahoo ID? will be the address others will use to send email to your
Yahoo account.
(ex: YahooID@yahoo.com). You may use any combination of
letters, numbers, underscores ( _ ) and one dot (.).
b. The ?password? should be something you can easily remember
but it should be kept confidential so others cannot read your mail.
c. Please Note: All boxes preceded by a star must be filled in.
d. You do not need to fill in the part called ?Customizing
Yahoo!?.
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You can now tell your friends and acquaintances your email address
which will be (Your Yahoo ID goes here)@yahoo.com.
Follow steps 1 and 2 from above. Enter your Yahoo ID and password in the
appropriate boxes.
Reading messages: Click on the Inbox folder icon on the left side of the
screen.
Your ?mail? will appear on the screen with unread ?letters? in bold type. Click
on the line under ?Subject? to open each piece of mail.
Sending messages:
Click on the ?Compose? button.
Type:
1.) The address of the person or business to whom you are sending mail in the
space marked "To".
2.) The subject of your email in the subject bar.
3.) Your letter in the large white space.
Important Note: When using the public computers in the library (or any
public internet terminal), don?t forget to ?Sign Out? at the top of the page.
A web search engine is designed to search for information on the World Wide
Web and FTP servers. The search results are generally presented in a list of
results and are often called hits. The information may consist of web pages,
images, information and other types of files. Some search engines alsomine
data available in databases or open directories. Unlike web directories, which are
maintained by human editors, search engines operate algorithmically or are a
mixture of algorithmic and human input.
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1. Web crawling
2. Indexing
3. Searching.
Web search engines work by storing information about many web pages, which
they retrieve from the html itself. These pages are retrieved by a Web
crawler (sometimes also known as a spider) — an automated Web browser which
follows every link on the site. Exclusions can be made by the use of robots.txt.
The contents of each page are then analyzed to determine how it should
be indexed (for example, words are extracted from the titles, headings, or special
fields called meta tags). Data about web pages are stored in an index database for
use in later queries. A query can be a single word. The purpose of an index is to
allow information to be found as quickly as possible. Some search engines, such
as Google, store all or part of the source page (referred to as a cache) as well as
information about the web pages, whereas others, such as AltaVista, store every
word of every page they find.
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____1. A browser is a program that displays files that are in the HTML
(Hypertext Markup Language) file format.
____2. A Web address is commonly referred to as a URL (which we
pronounce as “U-R-L” but you might also hear pronounced as
“earl.”)
____3. Web is an area or spot on a Web page that, when clicked, takes
you to another Web page or a different section of the current Web
page, as designated by the link.
____4. No matter where you find yourself, the Back button brings you back
to your home page, that is, the page Internet Explorer first opens
to.
____5. A web search engine is designed to search for information on
the World Wide Web and FTP servers
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Performance Objective: Given the necessary supplies and materials, you are
going to open internet browser, create e-mail account, search topic and send e-
mail.
Supplies/Materials : Personal computer with internet connection
Equipment :
Steps/Procedure:
1. Open Internet explorer or other web browser
2. Create E-mail account
3. Use any search engine and search the following topics and save in ms
word application.
a. Different types of operating system
b. Mother Board
c. Memory
d. Central processing Unitc
e. Hard Disk
f. Different types of Storage Devices
g. Input Devices
h. Output Devices
i. Networking
j. Safety Practices ( Computer Hardware Servicing)
4. Send your saved file/s to alain_gallarde@yahoo.com
Assessment Method:
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CRITERIA Yes NO
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LEARNING
MAINTAIN COMPUTER EQUIPMENT AND SYSTEMS
OUTCOME #6
CONTENTS:
Security measures
Anti-virus software/programs
File Management
ASSESSMENT CRITERIA:
1. Procedures for ensuring security of data, including regular back-ups
and virus checks implemented in accordance with standard operating
procedures
2. Basic file maintenance procedures implemented in line with standard
operating procedures
CONDITION:
The students/trainees must be provided with the following:
Equipment:
- 1 unit of computer
- voltage regulator/UPS
Learning Materials:
- Learning manuals
- Work instruction
- Hand-outs
Supplies/Materials:
- Operating system
- Application program
EVALUATION METHOD:
Hands-on
Direct observation
Practical demonstration
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Learning Outcome 6
MAINTAIN COMPUTER EQUIPMENT AND SYSTEMS
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Learning Objective:
(If your not sure what you are deleting select the category and then Click “View
Files”)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
3. Click “OK”
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
4. Click “OK”
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Click OK
Then Perform Scan Disk:
Start Menu>>Programs>>Accessories>>System Tools>>Scan Disk
Upon Restart
Select the “Screen Saver” Tab>>Change the Screen Saver Drop Menu to your
preferred screen saver
Click OK
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Computer Virus
It corrupts files
It slows down the speed of the computer system
It causes the system to hang frequently
It deletes various files
A virus can enter the system and infect it through various sources. Some of the
sources are
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Removing viruses, though technical, is yet a very simple process if all the required
steps are properly followed.
Removing the virus – When the virus can be easily identified and can be removed without affecting
other files, then the antivirus removes it from the host place.
Quarantine – This is done when the virus cannot be easily identified removed
from the file and the removal of virus means the removal of the complete file. In
this method, although the virus is not eliminated, it is rendered inactive by
moving the file into "quarantine" and renaming it.
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Program viruses: These infect executable program files, such as those with
extensions like .BIN, .COM, .EXE, .OVL, .DRV (driver) and .SYS (device driver).
These programs are loaded in memory during execution, taking the virus with
them. The virus becomes active in memory, making copies of itself and infecting
files on disk.
Multipartite viruses: A hybrid of Boot and Program viruses. They infect program
files and when the infected program is executed, these viruses infect the boot
record.
Stealth viruses: These viruses use certain techniques to avoid detection. They
may either redirect the disk head to read another sector instead of the one in
which they reside or they may alter the reading of the infected file’s size shown
in the directory listing. size given in the directory.
Polymorphic viruses: A virus that can encrypt its code in different ways so that
it appears differently in each infection. These viruses are more difficult to detect.
Examples: Involuntary, Stimulate, Cascade, Phoenix, Evil, Proud, Virus 101
Macro Viruses: A macro virus is a new type of computer virus that infects the
macros within a document or template. When you open a word processing or
spreadsheet document, the macro virus is activated and it infects the Normal
template.
Examples: DMV, Nuclear, Word Concept.
Antivirus Software
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As our world becomes more digitized, the files we store on our computers are
becoming increasingly more important. Instead of keeping handwritten letters in
a shoebox, we correspond with family members using e-mail. If we use digital
cameras, we often keep our photo albums on our computers.
Unfortunately, computers (and particularly the hard disk drives that hold your
files) can fail. Your computer might run for a decade with no problems, or it could
fail tomorrow—there's no way to tell. To make sure you don't lose important files
if your computer stops working, you should back up your computer on a regular
basis. The backup process copies your files to a safe place so that even if your
computer fails, you won't lose them.
It doesn't make sense to back up your files to the hard disk drive inside your
computer, because if your computer were to fail, you would also lose your backup.
Instead, you should back up your files to an external hard disk drive or removable
disk drive, such as a CD. If your computer does fail, you can then connect the
external hard disk drive or use the CDs to restore your files to your new or
repaired computer. (This article describes how to back up your files to an external
hard disk drive, which is the easiest way to do a full backup of all your files. If
you decide to use CDs, you'll need to choose which files to back up and then
manually insert and remove CDs as they are filled.)
If you decide to get an external hard disk drive, choose one that is at least as large
as the hard disk drive inside your computer. For example, if your computer has
a 100-gigabyte (GB) hard disk drive, choose a 100-GB or larger external hard disk
drive. Then connect the external hard disk drive to your computer. Make a note of
the drive letter (such as E:, F:, or G:) assigned to your new hard disk drive.
With an external hard disk drive, you can manually back up your files, or you can schedule
automatic weekly backups.
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1. Click Start, point to Accessories, point to System Tools, and then click Backup. If the Backup
option does not appear on the System Tools menu, you can install it.
4. On the What to Back Up page, click All information on this computer, and then click Next.
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7. Windows Backup saves a copy of your files to your external hard disk drive. When the backup is
complete, click Close.
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For an additional layer of protection, purchase a second external hard disk drive
and perform another backup of your hard disk drive. Store this external hard disk
drive in a different location, such as at a family member's house, to protect your
files from theft, fire, or natural disasters that might damage both your computer
and your backup.
Schedule backups
If you're busy, you might not have time to manually back up your files every
week. Fortunately, you can schedule backups to occur automatically. This takes
a few minutes to set up, but once you've done so, you'll be protected
indefinitely.
1. Click Start, point to Accessories, point to System Tools, and then click Backup. If the
Backup option does not appear on the System Tools menu, you can install it.
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4. On the What to Back Up page, click All information on this computer, and then click Next.
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9. On the Backup Options page, select Replace the existing backups. Then click Next.
10. On the When to Back Up page, click Later. In the Job name box, type Backup. Then click Set
Schedule.
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12. In the Start time box, specify a time of day when your computer will not be used for several hours,
such as 3:00 AM. In the Schedule Task Weekly area, select the day of the week you want to back
up your files. If you are backing up files overnight, remember to leave your computer running the
night before.
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15. In the Set Account Information dialog box, type your password in both the Password and
Confirm password fields. Then click OK.
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17. In the Set Account Information dialog box, type your password in both the Password and
Confirm password fields. Then click OK.
19. On the Completing the Backup or Restore Wizard page, click Finish.
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You can use this feature to change the installation of Windows Installer-based programs such as
Microsoft Office XP. Windows Installer-based programs include a Maintenance Mode option. With
this option, you can add or remove features, change the installation state of the program or of
individual components, or repair and restore the installation.
1. Click Start, click Control Panel, and then double-click Add or Remove Programs.
2. In the Currently installed programs box, click the program that you want to remove, and
then click Change or Change/Remove.
3. Follow the instructions that appear on the screen to make the changes that you want.
1. Click Start, click Control Panel, and then double-click Add or Remove Programs.
2. In the Currently installed programs box, click the program that you want to remove, and
then click Remove.
3. If you are prompted to confirm the removal of the program, click Yes.
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Make sure that the program that you click in the Add or Remove Programs tool is the
program that you want to remove from your computer. Some programs may not prompt
you to confirm the removal before the program is removed from the computer.
You can only remove a program with the Add or Remove Programs tool if the program is
written for Windows. If you do not see the program that you want to remove in the
Currently installed programs box, view the program documentation for instructions
about how to remove it.
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_____ Accessories
_____ Programs
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3. Click “OK”
1. Start Menu
2. Programs
3. Accessories
4. System Tools
5. Scan Disk
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Steps/ Procedure:
1. Shut down computer
2. Be sure to unplug it from power source
3. Remove cables and other peripheral devices
4. Clean Inside and outside parts of the system
5. Connect cables and peripherals
6. Start the computer
7. Install/Update anti-virus program
8. Scan computer for viruses
9. Remove unnecessary programs
10. Clear Internet history and temporary files
11. Run disk cleanup
12. Run desk defragment tool
13. Perform scandisk
14. Let your trainer check your work.
Assessment Method:
Demonstration , Performance Criteria checklist
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CRITERIA Yes No
Did you…
Shut down computer
Unplug from power source
Removed cables and other peripheral device
Cleaned Inside and outside parts of the system
Re-connected cables and peripherals
Started the computer
Installed/Updated anti-virus program
Scanned computer for viruses
Removed unnecessary programs
Cleared Internet history and temporary files
Ran disk cleanup
Ran desk defragment tool
Performed scandisk
Followed safety procedures
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INSTITUTIONAL EVALUATION
TRAINEES NAME
FACILATATORS NAME
Demonstratio
Witten Test
Ways in which evidence will be collected:
Interview
[tick the column]
n
x
X
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TRAINEE’S NAME
TRAINER’S NAME
QUALIFICATION
UNIT OF COMPETENCY OPERATE PERSONAL COMPUTER
COVERED
DATE OF EVALUATION
TIME OF EVALUATION
INSTRUCTIONS FOR DEMONSTRATION
Given the necessary materials, tools and equipment, the trainee must be able to
perform the following within four (2) hours
1. Search Occupational Health and Safety Procedure in the net.
2. Copy and save OHS procedure to MS Word.
3. Create a presentation on OHS Procedure.
4. Send you Document and presentation to alain_gallarde@yahoo.com.
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Satisfactory Not
Satisfactory
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MULTIPLE CHOICE:
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B. Interview
Facilitator
C. Demonstration
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1. A
2. C
3. B
4. D
5. A
6. B
7. A
8. C
9. B
10.A
1.
Desktops: A desktop is intended to be used on a single location. The spare parts
of a desktop computer are readily available at relative lower costs. Power
consumption is not as critical as that in laptops. Desktops are widely popular for
daily use in workplaces and households.
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