/

As
Analytical expression

c =
cy
+

exy2 + (4y 3/2) -

cos2

i =

(ry - cy2) sinza

I =
C +
- fanx

As was test .

~
,
=

2 cutand =

2 cutan (45 +

%(2)

If =

Ye =

94z =

Cu

Change in C/s area

Do :
Yu-DL =

Doy .. BY

A Triaxial test

tofal stress

0 =

03 fan " & + 2cufanx

C =

45 +

4/2

Area at failure

I sr/2
V.
Dc =
-

B2

Deviator Stress od =

0, -

-3

SAT => plastic method .

f <fy f fy fy fy
=

0
astic
F
froidal
-

ceraxi

equal e
/ Elastic

Yay
- . . .

plastic
* Assumptions made in
plastic method/Analysis

① transverse section after

plane
bending
...

remains even

② The
relationship bet" stress & strain
compressive is same as tension stress & strain .

③ The material is
homogenous
&
isotropic in elastic &
plastic stage .

↳ same materia ↳ all 3 directions

throughout length

⑭ There is no resultant axial force in beam

③ The effect of strain

hardening is
neglected .

⑥ fibres laternal direction

longitudinal fibre are free to
expand a contract without
affecting the in .

⑦ The effect axial load and shear forces plastic moment is consider
capacity
of on not .

⑧ The als of the beam is

sysmetrical about its axis
through it centroid
parallel to the
plane of bending

A of
Fully plastic moment the section

-Plastic of define mement makes all fibres at form

moment
capacity
section is as the which the section to
yield and
thereby a plastic
hinger
.

->
It section at which fibre because for further rotation takes at moment Hence , plastic
is a all
yield any
load place the section without
resisting any addition .

moment is the moment

casponding
to
fully plastic section

Mp =

fy .

2p

ty stress (kN/mm2)
where yield
:
,

2p
=

plastic section modulus (N/mm2)

C =

T Mp C + T
y
=

yz
.
.

ASAC Ay
G -

by AT ye
·

=fyAcy
A

EAS
C At
:

. +

Ac
-I
y ,
...... L

---
Acy
a
Ac At
ye] A
:

+ +
,

y2
At ·
G -
I T =

Gy .
A+
Ac +

AT
=

A Ac =
AT =
A/2

Ac =

A+ = Y :

fy A (y, yz) +

Mp Gy
=

Zp

A factor
Shape

Define
-

ratio of the moment of the section moment of section

plastic yeild the
as to

S =

MYmy -Aseyy . 2
:
Yp

where , 2p
=
* (y. +

ye)

2
-ymax
=

It
geometric section which depend
-

is of a on C/S
property
.

It's
~

than
value is
always greater 1 .
 Calculate
A shape faater for the
following section

①
Rectangular section .

d
=3 d/2

Image -here
:

Je d12

-
X -

② Circular

2z

bye Sie e
2
g
=

Y [y zz] +
e
2p
= ,

da =

42742[23+ 24] +

k x
-

42 F
Y4
2
*Y
- M
,z =

YY6T
=
1 697
.

=
4 -

My :
%
"