Higher Order Linear Differential Equations

13 May 2023 20:57

Higher Order Linear Differential Equations with Constant

Coefficients:

When order of DE is greater than 1, i.e. 2,3,4 and so on then

Differential Equations are called Higher Order Differential Equations.

A differential equation of the form

where,

Higher order Differential Equations are classified into two types:

i) Homogeneous Differential Equations [

ii) Non-Homogeneous Differential Equations [

Homogeneous Differential Equations:

A differential equation of the form

Examples:

Steps to find solution of Homogeneous DE's

1) First we form Auxiliary Equation as:

For Example:

Auxiliary Equation is:

Then solution is written as

Then solution is written as

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Then solution is written as

Non-Homogeneous Differential Equations:

A differential equation of the form

Solution of Non-Homogenoues Differential Equation:

y=

Methods to Solve Non-Homogeneous Differential Equations:

1) Method of Undetermined Coefficients

2) Variation of Parameter

1) Method of Undetermined Coefficients:

Case 1 : If

Let

Case 2 : If

Let

or

If

Let

Case 3 : If

Let

Example:

Solved by the methods of undetermined coefficients

Solution:

For

Auxiliary equation is:

Roots are real and distinct

Therefore,

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For

Put the values in equation (1)

so,

Required General Solution is:

Example:

Solved by the methods of undetermined coefficients

Solution:

For

Auxiliary equation is:

Roots are real and distinct

Therefore,

For

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For

Put the values in equation (1)

so,

Required General Solution is:

Example:

Solved by the methods of undetermined coefficients

Solution:

For

Auxiliary equation is:

Roots are real and distinct

Therefore,

For

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For

Put the values in equation (1)

so,

Required General Solution is:

2) Variation of Parameter:

For

where,

w=

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where,

w=

Example:

Complex Number = Real Number + Imaginary Number

R.P=0
I.P=2

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