AUXILIARY VERBS

&
MODALS
Main uses
In short answers:
● Did you like the film?
● Yes, I did

Are you a self-confident

●

person?
● Yes I am
To avoid repeating the main verb:

●I hate this kind of exams and so does my

friend Ann.
With “so” and “neither”
● With a verb in positive :
● So+ aux+ subj

● Peter loves this novel and so do I

● With a verb in negative :

● Neither + aux+ subj

● You didn’t know Alex was coming today

and neither did I.
 With “echo questions”
● They are used to show interest:
● Aux ( = as in main sentence)+ subj?

● This is a really interesting guy.

● Is he?

● I really want to go on a date with him…

● Do you?
 To add emphasis:
DO/DID + main verb
●

I know you don’t believe me,

but I DID not cheat in the exam.
To make question tags:
Positive statement ,
●

neg aux + subj?

● He’s from Ireland, isn’t

he?

Negative statement,
●

positive aux + subj?

● You haven’t been to

China before, have you?
 AND NOW,
IT’S TIME TO GET
SOME PRACTICE!!!!
So/Neither
I’m going to London next weekend and … (John too)
●

● So is John

I’ve just passed my driving test and … (Ann too)

●

● So has Ann

I haven’t seen Peter for ages and ( Lui neither)

●

● Neither has Lui

●I didn’t do my homework for Mey and … (the rest of

the class neither)
● Neither did the rest of the class
Echo questions
●I ‘m looking forward to being sent abroad by my
company.
● Are you?!
●I know I left the keys on the table, but I can’t find

them now!
● Can’t you?!
●He speaks very good German…

● Does he?!
●He broke out of prison yesterday…

● Did he?!
●If I won 1.000.000 €, I wouldn’t change my life a bit.

● Wouldn’t you?!
 Emphasis
● She forgave her sister for deceiving her.
● She did forgive her sister for deceiving her.

● I wrote the poem myself.

● I did write the poem myself.

● I love parties.
● I do love parties

● Books cost a lot

● Books do cost a lot

● This bus goes to the station non-stop.

Question tags
It’s a lovely day, ________ ?
●

● Isn’t it?

You couldn’t lend me 5$, ________ ?

●

● Could you?

Tom drives very fast, ________ ?

●

● Doesn’t he?

I don’t think he’s ever been there, ________

●

● Hasn’t he?