2023학년도 대학수학능력시험 9월 모의평가 유사변형 문제

고3
영어 영역
1
[연계문항 2022년 9월 평가원(고3) 19번]

[연계문항 2022년 9월 평가원(고3) 18번] 2. z b2 ) (A), (B), (C)에서 어법에 맞는 표현으로 가장 적절한

1. 1)밑줄
zb 친 부분이 가리키는 대상이 나머지 넷과 다른 것은?

것은? “Daddy!” Jenny called, waving a yellow crayon in

her little hand. Nathan approached her, wondering
Dear Natalie Talley,
why she was calling him. Jenny, his three-year-old
My name is Olivia Spikes, the mayor of Millstown. toddler, was drawing a big circle on a piece of
Before you attend the world championships next paper. “What are you doing, Sweetie?” Nathan asked
month, on behalf of everyone in Millstown, I wish to with interest. She just kept (A)[ to draw / drawing ]
let you know that we are supporting you all the without reply. He continued watching her, wondering
way. As you are the first famous figure skater from what she was working on. She was drawing
Millstown, we are all big fans of yours. Our something that looked like a face. When she finished
community was so proud of you for winning the (B)[ it / them ], Jenny shouted, “Look, Daddy!” She
national championships last year. Your amazing held her artwork up proudly. Taking a closer look,
performance really moved us all. We all believe that Nathan recognized that it was his face. The face had
you are going to impress the entire nation again. two big eyes and a beard just like his. He loved
Your hometown supporters will cheer for you Jenny’s work. (C)[ Filled / Filling ] with joy and
whenever you perform on the ice. Good luck! happiness, Nathan gave her a big hug.
Best wishes, * toddler: 아장아장 걷는 아이
Olivia Spikes (A) (B) (C)
to draw it Filled
to draw them Filling
drawing it Filled
drawing them Filling
drawing it Filling

I410-ECN-0199-2022-001-000168432
 2 고3

[연계문항 2022년 9월 평가원(고3) 20번] [연계문항 2022년 9월 평가원(고3) 22번]

3. zb3 ) 다음 글에서 전체 흐름과 관계 없는 문장은? 5. z b5 ) 글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 가장

적절한 곳은?
Becoming competent in another culture means
looking beyond behavior to see if we can understand But, in fact, the moral questions of taxation are at
the attitudes, beliefs, and values that motivate what the very heart of the creation of tax laws.
we observe. By looking only at the visible aspects
of culture ― customs, clothing, food, and language
Historically, drafters of tax legislation are attentive
― we develop a short-sighted view of intercultural
to questions of economics and history, and less
understanding ― just the tip of the iceberg, really.
attentive to moral questions. ( ) Questions of
If we are to be successful in our business
morality are often pushed to the side in legislative
interactions with people who have different values
debate, labeled too controversial, too difficult to
and beliefs about how the world is ordered, then we
answer, or, worst of all, irrelevant to the project. (
must go below the surface of what it means to
) Rather than irrelevant, moral questions are
understand culture and attempt to see what Edward
fundamental to the imposition of tax. ( ) Tax is
Hall calls the “hidden dimensions.” Those hidden
the application of a society’s theories of distributive
aspects are the very foundation of culture and are
justice. ( ) Economics can go a long way towards
the reason why culture is actually more than meets
helping a legislature determine whether or not a
the eye. We have to face the facts that, there are
particular tax law will help achieve a particular goal,
many different cultures in the world and provoke
but economics cannot, in a vacuum, identify the
peaceful coexistence of these cultures. We tend
goal. ( ) Creating tax policy requires identifying a
not to notice those cultural norms until they violate
moral goal, which is a task that must involve ethics
what we consider to be common sense, good
and moral analysis.
judgment, or the nature of things.
* legislation: 입법 ** imposition: 부과

[연계문항 2022년 9월 평가원(고3) 21번]

4. zb4 ) 밑줄 친 부분이 가리키는 바를 본문에서 찾아 우리말

로 작성하시오.

You may feel there is something scary about an

algorithm deciding what you might like. Could it
mean that, if computers conclude you won’t like
something, you will never get the chance to see it?
Personally, I really enjoy being directed toward new
music that I might not have found by myself. I can
quickly get stuck in a rut where I put on the same
songs over and over. That’s why I’ve always enjoyed
the radio. But the algorithms that are now pushing
and pulling me through the music library are
perfectly suited to finding gems that I’ll like. My
worry originally about such algorithms was that they
might drive everyone into certain parts of the
library, leaving others lacking listeners. Would they
cause a convergence of tastes? But thanks to the
nonlinear and chaotic mathematics usually behind
them, this doesn’t happen. A small divergence in my
likes compared to yours can send us off into
different far corners of the library.

* rut: 관습, 틀 ** gem: 보석 *** divergence: 갈라짐

I410-ECN-0199-2022-001-000168432
 고3 3
[연계문항 2022년 9월 평가원(고3) 23번] composition but diverges from it individually. We
6. zb6 ) (A), (B), (C)에서 문맥에 맞는 낱말로 가장 적절한 generally call this ‘expressivity’. This explains why we
것은? do not lose interest when we hear different artists
perform the same piece of music. It also explains
Environmental learning occurs when farmers base
why it is worthwhile for following generations to
decisions on observations of “payoff” information.
repeat the same repertoire. New, inspiring
They may observe their own or neighbors’ farms, but
interpretations help us to expand our understanding,
it is the empirical results they are using as a guide,
which serves to enrich and animate the music
not the neighbors themselves. They are looking at
scene.
farming activities as experiments and assessing such
factors as relative advantage, compatibility with * deviation: 벗어남
existing resources, difficulty of use, and “trialability”
― how well can it be experimented with. But that
criterion of “trialability” turns out to be a real
problem; it’s true that farmers are always
experimenting, but working farms are very (A)[
[연계문항 2022년 9월 평가원(고3) 25번]
flawed / flawless ] laboratories. Farmers cannot set
8. 다음 도표의 내용과 일치하지 않는 것은?
up the controlled conditions of professional test plots
z b8 )

in research facilities. Farmers also often (B)[ solve /

confront ] complex and difficult-to-observe
phenomena that would be hard to manage even if
they could run controlled experiments. Moreover
farmers can rarely acquire payoff information on
more than a few of the production methods they
might use, which makes the criterion of “relative
advantage” (C)[ easy / hard ] to measure.

* empirical: 경험적인 ** compatibility: 양립성

*** criterion: 기준
(A) (B) (C) The graph above shows the top four European
flawed solve easy countries with the most renewable energy generation
flawless solve hard capacity in 2011 and in 2020. Each of the four
countries in the graph had a higher capacity to
flawed confront hard
generate renewable energy in 2020 than its respective
flawless solve easy
capacity in 2011. Germany’s capacity to generate
flawed confront easy renewable energy in 2011 reached more than 50.0
gigawatts, which was also the case in 2020.
Among the countries above, Spain ranked in second
place in terms of renewable energy generation
capacity in 2011 and dropped to third behind France
[연계문항 2022년 9월 평가원(고3) 24번] in 2020. The renewable energy generation capacity
7. zb7 ) 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은? of Italy in 2020 was lower than that of Spain in the
same year. The renewable energy generation
Not only musicians and psychologists, but also
capacity of France was higher than that of Italy in
committed music enthusiasts and experts often voice
2020.
the opinion that the beauty of music lies in an
expressive deviation from the exactly defined score. * decimal: 소수의
Concert performances become interested and gain
in attraction from the fact that they go far beyond
the information printed in the score. In his early
studies on musical performance, Carl Seashore
discovered that musicians only rarely play two equal
notes in exactly the same way. Within the same
metric structure, there is a wide potential of
variations in tempo, volume, tonal quality and
intonation. Such variation is based on the

I410-ECN-0199-2022-001-000168432
 4 고3

[연계문항 2022년 9월 평가원(고3) 26번] [연계문항 2022년 9월 평가원(고3) 29번]

9. zb9 ) 다음 글을 읽고 아래 질문에 관한 답을 영어로 작성 10.

z b1 0) 다음 글의 주제로 가장 적절한 것은?
하시오.
Recognizing ethical issues is the most important
Leon Festinger was an American social step in understanding business ethics. An ethical
psychologist. He was born in New York City in 1919 issue is an identifiable problem, situation, or
to a Russian immigrant family. As a graduate student opportunity that requires a person to choose from
at the University of Iowa, Festinger was influenced by among several actions that may be evaluated as right
Kurt Lewin, a leading social psychologist. After or wrong, ethical or unethical. Learning how to
graduating from there, he became a professor at the choose from alternatives and make a decision
Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1945. He requires not only good personal values, but also
later moved to Stanford University, where he knowledge competence in the business area of
continued his work in social psychology. His theory concern. Employees also need to know when to rely
of social comparison earned him a good reputation. on their organizations’ policies and codes of ethics
Festinger actively participated in international or have discussions with co-workers or managers on
scholarly cooperation. In the late 1970s, he turned appropriate conduct. Ethical decision making is not
his interest to the field of history. He was one of the always easy because there are always gray areas that
most cited psychologists of the twentieth century. create dilemmas, no matter how decisions are made.
Festinger’s theories still play an important role in For instance, should an employee report on a
psychology today co-worker engaging in time theft? Should a
salesperson leave out facts about a product’s poor
safety record in his presentation to a customer?
Q: What brought Festinger high fame?
Such questions require the decision maker to
A: ___________________________________________. evaluate the ethics of his or her choice and decide
whether to ask for guidance.

requirements for reliable moral judgements

ways to solve ethical issues in the workplace
situations to foster conflict within an organization
the need to know how to make ethical decisions at
work
the significance of setting organizational policies
with employees

I410-ECN-0199-2022-001-000168432
 고3
[연계문항 2022년 9월 평가원(고3) 30번]
11.
zb1 1) 다음 글의 내용을 한 문장으로 요약하고자 한다. 빈
칸 (A)와 (B)에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?
Although the wonders of modern technology have
provided people with opportunities beyond the wildest
dreams of our ancestors, the good, as usual, is
weakened by a downside. One of those downsides is
that anyone who so chooses can pick up the virtual
megaphone that is the Internet and put in their two
cents on any of an infinite number of topics,
regardless of their qualifications. After all, on the
Internet, there are no regulations preventing
kindergarten teacher from offering medical advice or
a physician from suggesting ways to safely make
structural changes to your home. As a result,
misinformation gets disseminated as information, and
it is not always easy to differentiate the two. This
can be particularly frustrating for scientists, who
spend their lives learning how to understand the
intricacies of the world around them, only to have
their work summarily challenged by people whose
experience with the topic can be measured in
minutes. This frustration is then amplified by the fact
that, to the general public, both the scientist and the
challenger are awarded equal credibility.
* put in one’s two cents: 의견을 말하다
** disseminate: 퍼뜨리다*** intricacy: 복잡성
On the Internet, wrong information can be easily
____(A)____ and the public does not ____(B)____
between scientists and those who challenge them in
terms of credibility, which makes scientists more
frustrated.
(A) (B)
diffused distinguish
modified decide
corrected differentiate
eliminated mediate
disseminated communicate
5
[연계문항 2022년 9월 평가원(고3) 31번]
12.
z b1 2) 다음 글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은?
More than just having territories, animals also
partition them. And this insight turned out to be
particularly useful for zoo husbandry. An animal’s
territory has an internal arrangement that Heini
Hediger compared to the inside of a person’s house.
Most of us assign separate functions to separate
rooms, but even if you look at a one-room house
you will find the same internal specialization. In a
cabin or a mud hut, or even a Mesolithic cave from
a 30,000 years ago, this part is for cooking, that part
is for sleeping; this part is for making tools and
weaving, that part is for waste. We keep a neat
functional organization. To a varying extent, other
animals do the same. A part of an animal’s territory
is for eating, a part for sleeping, a part for
swimming or wallowing, a part may be set aside for
waste, depending on the species of animal.
* husbandry: 관리
Animals Feel Pain Just Like People Do
Animals Properly Separate Their Space too!
Conditions to Renovate the Internal Structure of
Zoo
A Zoo Should Provide Lots of Room for All the
Animals
Rapid Decline of Animal Species: Danger Signal to
Human
I410-ECN-0199-2022-001-000168432
 6 고3

[연계문항 2022년 9월 평가원(고3) 33번]

[연계문항 2022년 9월 평가원(고3) 32번] 14.

13.
zb1 3) 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?
Fans feel for feeling’s own sake. They make
meanings beyond what seems to be on offer. They
build identities and experiences, and make artistic
creations of their own to share with others. A person
can be an individual fan, feeling an “idealized
connection with a star, strong feelings of memory
and nostalgia,” and engaging in activities
“collecting to develop a sense of self.” But, more
often, individual experiences are embedded in social
contexts where other people with shared attachments
socialize around the object of their affections. Much
of the pleasure of fandom comes from being
connected to other fans. In their diaries, Bostonians
of the 1800s described being part of the crowds at
concerts as part of the pleasure of attendance. A
compelling argument can be made that what fans
love is less the object of their fandom than
_____________________________.
* embed: 끼워 넣다 ** compelling: 강력한
z b1 4) 다음 글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은?
There was nothing modern about the idea of men
making women’s clothes ― we saw them doing it for
centuries in the past. In the old days, however, the
client was always primary and her tailor was an
obscure craftsman, perhaps talented but perhaps not.
She had her own ideas like any patron, there were
no fashion plates, and the tailor was simply at her
like service, perhaps with helpful suggestions about what
others were wearing. Beginning in the late nineteenth
century, with the hugely successful rise of the
artistic male couturier, it was the designer who
became celebrated, and the client elevated by his
inspired attention. In a climate of admiration for
male artists and their female creations, the
dress-designer first flourished as the same sort of
creator. Instead of the old rule that dressmaking is a
craft, a modern connection between dress-design and
art was invented that had not been there before.
* obscure: 무명의 ** patron: 후원자
*** couturier: 고급 여성복 디자이너

indirect satisfaction they feel through their stars Too Long Distance between Fashion and Art

an attachment to their own lives rather than stars’ Art Has the Ability to Inspire Us and Lead Us
ones Old Designs Have Gained a New life in Modern
profits from producing creative works about the Society
star they love The Modern View of Dress-design: Completely
a strong bond with those who share affections for Different than Before
the same object Dreams toward Success: A Rich Source of
a new rising star that has different attractions from Inspiration for Designers
the object they like

I410-ECN-0199-2022-001-000168432
 고3 7
[연계문항 2022년 9월 평가원(고3) 34번] can recover and ultimately transform the destroyed
15.
zb1 5) 다음 글에서 필자가 주장하는 바로 가장 적절한 것 or barren environment. You can see this
은? phenomenon on a smaller scale when a tree struck
by lightning forms new branches that grow from the
In trying to explain how different disciplines
old scar. In addition to regeneration or resprouting
attempt to understand autobiographical memory the
of plants, disturbed areas can also recover through
literary critic Daniel Albright said, “Psychology is a
reseeding.
garden, literature is a wilderness.” He meant, I
believe, that psychology seeks to make patterns, find * revitalization: 소생
regularity, and ultimately impose order on human
Plants Help Us Relax and Recover from Stress
experience and behavior. Writers, by contrast, dive
into the unruly, untamed depths of human Urban Regeneration for Regional Revitalization
experiences. What he said about understanding Mutual Cooperation Between Plants and Animals
memory can be extended to our questions about Strong Life Force of Plants Revives Their Surroundings
young children’s minds. If we psychologists are too
Environmental Damage Threatens Plants and
bent on identifying the orderly pattern, the
Animals
regularities of children’s minds, we may miss an
essential and pervasive characteristic of our topic:
the child’s more unruly and imaginative ways of
talking and thinking. It is not only the developed
writer or literary scholar who seems drawn toward a
[연계문항 2022년 9월 평가원(고3) 36번]
somewhat wild and idiosyncratic way of thinking;
young children are as well. The psychologist
17. z b1 7) 다음 글의 주제로 가장 적절한 것은?

interested in young children has to venture a little When two natural bodies of water stand at different
more often into the wilderness in order to get a good levels, building a canal between them presents a
picture of how children think. complicated engineering problem. To make up for the
difference in level, engineers build one or more
* unruly: 제멋대로 구는 ** pervasive: 널리 퍼져 있는
water “steps,” called locks, that carry ships or boats
*** idiosyncratic: 색다른
up or down between the two levels. A lock is an
작가는 인간의 심리를 깊게 탐구하기 위해 심리학을 배워
artificial water basin. It has a long rectangular shape
야 한다.
with concrete walls and a pair of gates at each end.
문학작품을 활용하여 아이에게 인성교육을 진행하는 것은 When a vessel is going upstream, the upper gates
효과적이다. stay closed as the ship enters the lock at the lower
부모는 심리학과 문학을 통해 아이의 독특한 행동 양식을 water level. The downstream gates are then closed
이해해야 한다. and more water is pumped into the basin. The rising
모든 사람은 개성을 갖고 있으므로 그들의 자전적 기억을 water lifts the vessel to the level of the upper body
이해하는 건 어렵다. of water. Then the upper gates open and the ship
passes through. For downstream passage, the process
심리학자는 아이의 마음을 더 잘 이해하기 위해 문학에 관
works the opposite way. The ship enters the lock
심을 가질 필요 있다.
from the upper level, and water is pumped from the
lock until the ship is in line with the lower level.

* rectangular: 직사각형의
[연계문항 2022년 9월 평가원(고3) 35번]
different types of water bodies on earth
16.
zb1 6) 다음 글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은?
ways to make energy using water-level differences
Because plants tend to recover from disasters more how a ship can pass through a canal with different
quickly than animals, they are essential to the water levels
revitalization of damaged environments. Why do
importance of finding the most suitable place to
plants have this preferential ability to recover from
build a canal
disaster? It is largely because, unlike animals, they
can generate new organs and tissues throughout use of the engineering technology to detect water
their life cycle. This ability is due to the activity of movement
plant meristems ― regions of undifferentiated tissue
in roots and shoots that can, in response to specific
cues, differentiate into new tissues and organs. If
meristems are not damaged during disasters, plants

I410-ECN-0199-2022-001-000168432
 8 고3

[연계문항 2022년 9월 평가원(고3) 37번] [연계문항 2022년 9월 평가원(고3) 38번]

18. zb1 8) 글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 가장 19.

z b1 9) 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말을 본문에서 찾아 쓰시오. (두
적절한 곳은? 단어로 쓸 것)

In some cases, however, we are far less aware of In everyday life, we tend to see any collection of
why we believe a certain claim to be true, or how we people as a group. However, social psychologists use
are to explain why certain social realities exist. this term more precisely. In particular, they define a
group as two or more people who interact with, and
exert mutual influences on, each other. It is this
Culture operates in ways we can consciously
sense of mutual interaction or inter-dependence for
consider and discuss but also in ways of which we
a common purpose which distinguishes the members
are far less cognizant. ( ) When we have to offer
of a group from a mere aggregation of individuals.
an account of our actions, we consciously
For example, as Kenneth Hodge observed, a
understand which excuses might prove acceptable,
collection of people who happen to go for a swim
given the particular circumstances we find ourselves
after work on the same day each week does not,
in. ( ) In such situations, we use cultural ideas as
strictly speaking, constitute a group because these
we would use a particular tool. ( ) We select the
swimmers do not interact with each other in a
cultural notion as we would select a screwdriver:
structured manner. By contrast, a squad of young
certain jobs call for a Phillips head while others
competitive swimmers who train every morning
require an Allen wrench. ( ) Whichever idea we
before going to school is a group because they not
insert into the conversation to justify our actions,
only share a common objective (training for
the point is that our motives are discursively
competition) but also interact with each other in
available to us and are not hidden. ( ) Ideas
formal ways (e.g., by warming up together
about the social world become part of our worldview
beforehand). It is this sense of people coming
without our necessarily being aware of the source of
together to achieve a _______ _______ that defines a
the particular idea or that we even hold the idea at
“team”.
all.
* exert: 발휘하다 ** aggregation: 집합
* cognizant: 인식하는 ** discursively: 만연하게

I410-ECN-0199-2022-001-000168432
 고3 9
[연계문항 2022년 9월 평가원(고3) 39번] [연계문항 2022년 9월 평가원(고3) 40번]

20.
zb2 0) 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은? 21.
z b2 1) 다음 글의 주제로 가장 적절한 것은?

Each new wave of technology is intended to A striving to demonstrate individual personality

enhance user convenience, as well as improve through designs should not be surprising. Most
security, but sometimes these do not necessarily go designers are educated to work as individuals, and
hand-in-hand. For example, the transition from design literature contains countless references to ‘the
magnetic stripe to embedded chip slightly slowed designer’. Personal flair is without doubt an absolute
down transactions, sometimes frustrating necessity in some product categories, particularly
customers in a hurry. Make a service too relatively small objects, with a low degree of
burdensome, and the potential customer will go technological complexity, such as furniture, lighting,
elsewhere. This obstacle applies at several levels. small appliances, and housewares. In larger-scale
Passwords, double-key identification, and biometrics projects, however, even where a strong personality
such as fingerprint-, iris-, and voice recognition are exercises powerful influence, the fact that substantial
all ways of keeping the account details hidden numbers of designers are employed in implementing
from potential fraudsters, of keeping your data dark. a concept can easily be overlooked. The emphasis on
But they all inevitably add a burden to the use of individuality is therefore problematic ― rather than
the account. On top of the hurdles introducing in actually designing, many successful designer
accessing his or her money, if a suspected fraud is ‘personalities’ function more as creative managers. A
detected, the account holder has to deal with the distinction needs to be made between designers
phone call asking if he or she made the suspicious working truly alone and those working in a group. In
transactions. This is all useful at some level ― the latter case, management organization and
indeed, it can be reassuring to know that your processes can be equally as relevant as designers’
bank is keeping alert to protect you ― but it creativity.
becomes tiresome if too many such calls are
* strive: 애쓰다 ** flair: 재능
received.
some projects to show differences in skill levels
* fraud: 사기
among designers
the size of projects that designers in different fields
want in common
reasons to admire designers who constantly produce
creative works
another quality apart from individuality required for
designers working in bigger projects
efforts of designers to overcome the prejudice that
it is difficult to work with them

I410-ECN-0199-2022-001-000168432
 10
[연계문항 2022년 9월 평가원(고3) 41-42]
22.
zb2 2) 다음 글의 내용을 한 문장으로 요약하고자 한다. 빈
칸 (A)와 (B)에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?
Climate change experts and environmental
humanists alike agree that the climate crisis is, at its
core, a crisis of the imagination and much of the
popular imagination is shaped by fiction. In his 2016
book The Great Derangement, anthropologist and
novelist Amitav Ghosh takes on this relationship
between imagination and environmental management,
arguing that humans have failed to respond to
climate change at least in part because fiction fails
to believably represent it. Ghosh explains that climate
change is largely absent from contemporary fiction
because the cyclones, floods, and other catastrophes
it brings to mind simply seem too “improbable” to
belong in stories about everyday life. But climate
change does not only reveal itself as a series of
extraordinary events. In fact, as environmentalists
and ecocritics from Rachel Carson to Rob Nixon
have pointed out, environmental change can be
“imperceptible”; it proceeds gradually, only
occasionally producing “explosive and spectacular”
events. Most climate change impacts cannot be
observed day-to-day, but they become visible when
we are confronted with their accumulated impacts.
Climate change evades our imagination because it
poses significant representational challenges.
cannot be observed in “human time,” which is why
documentary filmmaker Jeff Orlowski, who tracks
climate change effects on glaciers and coral reefs,
uses “before and after” photographs taken several
months apart in the same place to highlight changes
that occurred gradually.
* anthropologist: 인류학자 ** catastrophe: 큰 재해
*** evade: 피하다
Climate change ____(A)____ from our imagination
because natural disasters are ____(B)____ to happen
every day in our lives and it hard to perceive a
gradual change in the climate.
(A) (B)
stems liable
derives likely
deviates unlikely
diverges likely
originates unlikely
고3
[연계문항 2022년 9월 평가원(고3) 43-45]
23. z b2 3) 다음 글에 드러난 Emilia의 심경 변화로 가장 적절
한 것은?
Walking out of Charing Cross Station in London,
Emilia and her traveling companion, Layla, already
felt their hearts pounding. It was the second day of
their European summer trip. They were about to visit
one of the world’s most famous art galleries. The two
of them started hurrying with excitement. Suddenly,
Emilia shouted, “Look! There it is! We’re finally at
the National Gallery!” Layla laughed and responded,
“Your dream’s finally come true!” Upon entering the
National Gallery, Emilia knew exactly where to go
first. She grabbed Layla’s hand and dragged her
hurriedly to find van Gogh’s Sunflowers. It was
Emilia’s favorite painting and had inspired her to
become a painter. Emilia loved his use of bright
colors and light. She couldn’t wait to finally see his
masterpiece in person. “It’ll be amazing to see how
he communicated the feelings of isolation and
loneliness in his work,” she said eagerly. However,
after searching all the exhibition rooms, Emilia and
Layla couldn’t find van Gogh’s masterpiece anywhere.
“That’s weird. Van Gogh’s Sunflowers should be
here. Where is it?” Emilia looked upset, but Layla
kept calm and said, “Maybe you’ve missed a notice
about it. Check the National Gallery app.” Emilia
checked it quickly. Then, she sighed, “Sunflowers
It
isn’t here! It’s been lent to a different gallery for a
special exhibition. I can’t believe I didn’t check!”
“Don’t lose hope yet! Which gallery is the special
exhibition at?” Layla asked. Emilia responded, “Well,
his Sunflowers is still in England, but it’s at a gallery
in Liverpool. That’s a long way, isn’t it?” After a
quick search on her phone, Layla stated, “No! It’s
only two hours to Liverpool by train. The next train
leaves in an hour. Why don’t we take it?” After
considering the idea, Emilia, now relieved, responded,
“Yeah, but you always wanted to see Rembrandt’s
paintings. Let’s do that first, Layla! Then, after
lunch, we can catch the next train.” Layla smiled
brightly.
uneasy → calm → satisfied
pleased → grateful → alarmed
hopeful → nervous → desperate
thrilled → discouraged → relieved
excited → disappointed → anxious
I410-ECN-0199-2022-001-000168432
 고3 11
[연계문항 2022년 9월 평가원(고3) 18번] [연계문항 2022년 9월 평가원(고3) 20번]

24.
zb2 4) 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 26.
z b2 6) 밑줄 친 (A)와 (B)에 속하는 각각의 문화 요소들을
적절하지 않은 것은? 찾아 영어로 쓰시오.

Dear Natalie Talley, Becoming competent in another culture means

looking beyond behavior to see if we can understand
My name is Olivia Spikes, the mayor of Millstown.
the attitudes, beliefs, and values that motivate what
Before you attend the world championships next
we observe. By looking only at the (A) visible aspects
month, on behalf of everyone in Millstown, I wish to
of culture ― customs, clothing, food, and language
let you know that we are supporting you all the
― we develop a short-sighted view of intercultural
way. As you are the first famous figure skater from
understanding ― just the tip of the iceberg, really. If
Millstown, we are all big fans of yours. Our
we are to be successful in our business interactions
community was so proud of you for winning the
with people who have different values and beliefs
national championships last year. Your amazing
about how the world is ordered, then we must go
performance really moved us all. We all believe
below the surface of what it means to understand
that you are going to frighten the entire nation
culture and attempt to see what Edward Hall calls
again. Your hometown supporters will cheer for
the “hidden dimensions.” (B) Those hidden aspects
you whenever you perform on the ice. Good luck!
are the very foundation of culture and are the
Best wishes, reason why culture is actually more than meets the
Olivia Spikes eye. We tend not to notice those cultural norms until
they violate what we consider to be common sense,
good judgment, or the nature of things.

[연계문항 2022년 9월 평가원(고3) 19번]

25.
zb2 5) 주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한
[연계문항 2022년 9월 평가원(고3) 21번]
것은?
27.
z b2 7) 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?
“Daddy!” Jenny called, waving a yellow crayon in
You may feel there is something scary about an
her little hand.
algorithm deciding what you might like. Could it
mean that, if computers conclude you won’t like
(A) She just kept drawing without reply. He something, you will never get the chance to see it?
continued watching her, wondering what she was Personally, I really enjoy being directed toward new
working on. She was drawing something that looked music that I might not have found by myself. I
like a face. When she finished it, Jenny shouted, can quickly get stuck in a rut where I put on the
“Look, Daddy!” same songs over and over. That’s why I’ve always
(B) She held her artwork up proudly. Taking a enjoyed the radio. But the algorithms that are now
closer look, Nathan recognized that it was his face. pushing and pulling me through the music library
The face had two big eyes and a beard just like his. is perfectly suited to finding gems that I’ll like. My
He loved Jenny’s work. Filled with joy and happiness, worry originally about such algorithms was that they
Nathan gave her a big hug. might drive everyone into certain parts of the
library, leaving others lacking listeners. Would
(C) Nathan approached her, wondering why she they cause a convergence of tastes? But thanks to
was calling him. Jenny, his three-year-old toddler, the nonlinear and chaotic mathematics usually
was drawing a big circle on a piece of paper. “What behind them, this doesn’t happen. A small
are you doing, Sweetie?” Nathan asked with interest. divergence in my likes compared to yours can send
* toddler: 아장아장 걷는 아이 us off into different far corners of the library.

(A)-(C)-(B) (B)-(A)-(C) * rut: 관습, 틀 ** gem: 보석 *** divergence: 갈라짐

(B)-(C)-(A) (C)-(A)-(B)
(C)-(B)-(A)

I410-ECN-0199-2022-001-000168432
 12
[연계문항 2022년 9월 평가원(고3) 22번]
28.
zb2 8) 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?
Historically, drafters of tax legislation are attentive
to questions of economics and history, and less
attentive to moral questions. Questions of morality
are often pushed to the side in legislative debate,
labeled too controversial, too difficult to answer, or,
worst of all, irrelevant to the project. But, in fact,
the moral questions of taxation are at the very heart
of the creation of tax laws. Rather than irrelevant,
moral questions are fundamental to the imposition of
tax. Tax is the application of a society’s theories of
distributive justice. Economics can go a long way
towards helping a legislature determine whether or
not a particular tax law will help achieve a particular
goal, but economics cannot, in a vacuum, identify
the goal. Creating tax policy requires
_________________________.
* legislation: 입법 ** imposition: 부과
encouraging the economic growth
redistributing the country’s wealth
lightening the tax burden on the citizens
setting a moral goal in the light of ethnics
preventing tax evasion through big data analysis
고3
[연계문항 2022년 9월 평가원(고3) 23번]
29.
z b2 9) 다음 글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은?
Environmental learning occurs when farmers base
decisions on observations of “payoff” information.
They may observe their own or neighbors’ farms, but
it is the empirical results they are using as a guide,
not the neighbors themselves. They are looking at
farming activities as experiments and assessing such
factors as relative advantage, compatibility with
existing resources, difficulty of use, and “trialability”
― how well can it be experimented with. But that
criterion of “trialability” turns out to be a real
problem; it’s true that farmers are always
experimenting, but working farms are very flawed
laboratories. Farmers cannot set up the controlled
conditions of professional test plots in research
facilities. Farmers also often confront complex and
difficult-to-observe phenomena that would be hard to
manage even if they could run controlled
experiments. Moreover farmers can rarely acquire
payoff information on more than a few of the
production methods they might use, which makes the
criterion of “relative advantage” hard to measure.
* empirical: 경험적인 ** compatibility: 양립성
*** criterion: 기준
Farmer’s Efforts to Raise Trialability in Their
Experiments
Experiments on the Farm Provide Unforgettable
Memories
Today’s Agriculture: It’s Hard to Make Farming Pay
Overcome The Conditions Unfavorable for Agriculture
A Farm Cannot Be A Real Laboratory After All
I410-ECN-0199-2022-001-000168432
 고3 13
[연계문항 2022년 9월 평가원(고3) 24번] renewable energy in 2011 reached more than 50.0
30.
zb3 0) 다음 글의 주제로 가장 적절한 것은? gigawatts, which was also the case in 2020. Among
the countries above, Italy ranked in ___(B)___ place
Not only musicians and psychologists, but also
in terms of renewable energy generation capacity in
committed music enthusiasts and experts often voice
2011, but ranked in ___(C)___ place in 2020. The
the opinion that the beauty of music lies in an
renewable energy generation capacity of Italy in 2020
expressive deviation from the exactly defined score.
was lower than that of Spain in the same year. The
Concert performances become interesting and gain in
renewable energy generation capacity of France was
attraction from the fact that they go far beyond the
___(D)___ than that of Italy in 2011.
information printed in the score. In his early studies
on musical performance, Carl Seashore discovered * decimal: 소수의
that musicians only rarely play two equal notes in
exactly the same way. Within the same metric
structure, there is a wide potential of variations in
tempo, volume, tonal quality and intonation. Such
variation is based on the composition but diverges
[연계문항 2022년 9월 평가원(고3) 26번]
from it individually. We generally call this
32. Leon Festinger에 관한 다음 글의 내용과 일치하는
‘expressivity’. This explains why we do not lose
z b3 2)

것은?
interest when we hear different artists perform the
same piece of music. It also explains why it is Leon Festinger was an American social
worthwhile for following generations to repeat the psychologist. He was born in New York City in 1919
same repertoire. New, inspiring interpretations help to a Russian immigrant family. As a graduate student
us to expand our understanding, which serves to at the University of Iowa, Festinger was influenced by
enrich and animate the music scene. Kurt Lewin, a leading social psychologist. After
graduating from there, he became a professor at the
* deviation: 벗어남
Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1945. He
ways composers use to add vividness to music later moved to Stanford University, where he
obstacle to diverse interpretations of the music continued his work in social psychology. His theory
of social comparison earned him a good reputation.
importance of giving variety to music performance
Festinger actively participated in international
various attempts for visual representation of music
scholarly cooperation. In the late 1970s, he turned
pleasure of appreciating beautiful classic music at a his interest to the field of history. He was one of the
concert most cited psychologists of the twentieth century.
Festinger’s theories still play an important role in
psychology today

He was born into an immigrant family and grew up

[연계문항 2022년 9월 평가원(고3) 25번]
in Russia.
31. 다음 도표의 내용과 일치하도록 빈칸 (A)~(D)에 들어
He had an effect on Kurt Lewin, a leading
zb3 1)

갈 단어를 작성하시오. (각각 한 단어)

sociologist.
He moved from Massachusetts Institute of
Technology to Stanford University.
His theory of social comparison was severely
criticized.
His theory is not used in psychology today.

The graph above shows the top four European

countries with the most renewable energy generation
capacity in 2011 and in 2020. Each of the four
countries in the graph had a ___(A)___ capacity to
generate renewable energy in 2020 than its respective
capacity in 2011. Germany’s capacity to generate

I410-ECN-0199-2022-001-000168432
 14 고3

[연계문항 2022년 9월 평가원(고3) 29번]

(B) One of those downsides is that anyone who so
33.
zb3 3) (A), (B), (C)에서 문맥에 맞는 낱말로 가장 적절한 chooses can pick up the virtual megaphone that is
것은? the Internet and put in their two cents on any of an
Recognizing ethical issues is the most important infinite number of topics, regardless of their
step in understanding business ethics. An ethical qualifications.
issue is an identifiable problem, situation, or (C) For example, on the Internet, there are no
opportunity that requires a person to choose from regulations preventing a kindergarten teacher from
among several actions that may be evaluated as right offering medical advice or a physician from
or wrong, ethical or unethical. Learning how to suggesting ways to safely make structural changes to
choose from alternatives and make a decision (A)[ your home. As a result, misinformation gets
requires / restricts ] not only good personal values, disseminated as information, and it is not always
but also knowledge competence in the business area easy to differentiate the two.
of concern. Employees also need to know when to
rely on their organizations’ policies and codes of * intricacy: 복잡성 ** put in one’s two cents: 의견을
ethics or have discussions with co-workers or 말하다 *** disseminate: 퍼뜨리다
managers on appropriate conduct. Ethical decision (A)-(C)-(B) (B)-(A)-(C)
making is not always easy because there are always
(B)-(C)-(A) (C)-(A)-(B)
gray areas that (B)[ remove / create ] dilemmas, no
(C)-(B)-(A)
matter how decisions are made. For instance, should
an employee report on a co-worker engaging in time
theft? Should a salesperson leave out facts about a
product’s poor safety record in his presentation to a
customer? Such questions require the decision maker
[연계문항 2022년 9월 평가원(고3) 31번]
to (C)[ evaluate / disregard ] the ethics of his or her
choice and decide whether to ask for guidance. 35.
z b3 5) 글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 가장
적절한 곳은?
(A) (B) (C)
To a varying extent, other animals do the same.
requires remove evaluate
restricts remove evaluate
More than just having territories, animals also
requires create disregard
partition them. And this insight turned out to be
restricts remove disregard
particularly useful for zoo husbandry. ( ) An
requires create evaluate animal’s territory has an internal arrangement that
Heini Hediger compared to the inside of a person’s
house. ( ) Most of us assign separate functions to
separate rooms, but even if you look at a one-room
house you will find the same internal specialization. (
[연계문항 2022년 9월 평가원(고3) 30번] ) In a cabin or a mud hut, or even a Mesolithic
34.
zb3 4) 주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 cave from 30,000 years ago, this part is for cooking,
것은? that part is for sleeping; this part is for making tools
and weaving, that part is for waste. ( ) We keep a
Although the wonders of modern technology have
neat functional organization. ( ) A part of an
provided people with opportunities beyond the wildest
animal’s territory is for eating, a part for sleeping, a
dreams of our ancestors, the good, as usual, is
part for swimming or wallowing, a part may be set
weakened by a downside.
aside for waste, depending on the species of animal.

* husbandry: 관리
(A) This can be particularly frustrating for
scientists, who spend their lives learning how to
understand the intricacies of the world around them,
only to have their work summarily challenged by
people whose experience with the topic can be
measured in minutes. This frustration is then
amplified by the fact that, to the general public, both
the scientist and the challenger are awarded equal
credibility.

I410-ECN-0199-2022-001-000168432
 고3 15
[연계문항 2022년 9월 평가원(고3) 32번] [연계문항 2022년 9월 평가원(고3) 33번]

36.36)다음
zb 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은? 37.
z b3 7) 다음 글의 내용을 한 문장으로 요약하고자 한다. 빈
칸 (A)와 (B)에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?
Fans feel for feeling’s own sake. They make
meanings beyond what seems to be on offer. They There was nothing modern about the idea of men
build identities and experiences, and make artistic making women’s clothes ― we saw them doing it for
creations of their own to share with others. A centuries in the past. In the old days, however, the

person can be an individual fan, feeling an “idealized client was always primary and her tailor was an
connection with a star, strong feelings of memory obscure craftsman, perhaps talented but perhaps not.
and nostalgia,” and engaging in activities like She had her own ideas like any patron, there were
“collecting to develop a sense of self.” But, more no fashion plates, and the tailor was simply at her

often, individual experiences are embedded in social
contexts which other people with shared
attachments socialize around the object of their
affections. Much of the pleasure of fandom comes
from being connected to other fans. In their diaries,
service, perhaps with helpful suggestions about what
others were wearing. Beginning in the late nineteenth
century, with the hugely successful rise of the
artistic male couturier, it was the designer who
became celebrated, and the client elevated by his

Bostonians of the 1800s described being part of the inspired attention. In a climate of admiration for
crowds at concerts as part of the pleasure of male artists and their female creations, the
attendance. A compelling argument can be made dress-designer first flourished as the same sort of
that what fans love is less the object of their fandom creator. Instead of the old rule that dressmaking is a

than the attachments to (and differentiations from) craft, a modern connection between dress-design and
one another that those affections afford. art was invented that had not been there before.

* embed: 끼워 넣다 ** compelling: 강력한 * obscure: 무명의 ** patron: 후원자

*** couturier: 고급 여성복 디자이너

In the past, ____(A)____' demands and thoughts

were mainly reflected in making clothes, but modern
dress designers make their own creations as
____(B)____.

(A) (B)
clients craftsmen
creators tailors
experts patrons
customers artists
designers creators

I410-ECN-0199-2022-001-000168432
 16 고3

[연계문항 2022년 9월 평가원(고3) 35번]

[연계문항 2022년 9월 평가원(고3) 34번] 39. z b3 9) plants에 관한 다음 글의 내용과 일치하지 않는 것

38.
zb3 8) 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 은?
적절하지 않은 것은? Because plants tend to recover from disasters more
In trying to explain how different disciplines quickly than animals, they are essential to the
attempt to understand autobiographical memory the revitalization of damaged environments. Why do
literary critic Daniel Albright said, “Psychology is a plants have this preferential ability to recover from
garden, literature is a wilderness.” He meant, I disaster? It is largely because, unlike animals, they
believe, that psychology seeks to make patterns, find can generate new organs and tissues throughout
regularity, and ultimately impose order on human their life cycle. This ability is due to the activity of
experience and behavior. Writers, by contrast, dive plant meristems ― regions of undifferentiated tissue
into the unruly, untamed depths of human in roots and shoots that can, in response to specific
experiences. What he said about understanding cues, differentiate into new tissues and organs. If
memory can be extended to our questions about meristems are not damaged during disasters, plants
young children’s minds. If we psychologists are too can recover and ultimately transform the destroyed
bent on identifying the orderly pattern, the or barren environment. You can see this
regularities of children’s minds, we may figure out phenomenon on a smaller scale when a tree struck
an essential and pervasive characteristic of our topic: by lightning forms new branches that grow from the
the child’s more unruly and imaginative ways of old scar. In addition to regeneration or resprouting
talking and thinking. It is not only the developed of plants, disturbed areas can also recover through
writer or literary scholar who seems drawn toward a reseeding.
somewhat wild and idiosyncratic way of thinking;
* revitalization: 소생
young children are as well. The psychologist
interested in young children may have to venture 동물보다 더 빨리 재해로부터 회복하는 경향이 있다.
a little more often into the wilderness in order to get 생애 주기 내내 새로운 장기와 조직을 생성할 수 있다.
a good picture of how children think. 분열조직은 줄기와 열매에 있는 미분화 세포 조직 부위이
* unruly: 제멋대로 구는 ** pervasive: 널리 퍼져 있는 다.
*** idiosyncratic: 색다른 파괴되거나 척박한 환경을 궁극적으로 변화시킬 수 있다.
재파종을 통해 교란된 지역을 회복시킬 수 있다.

I410-ECN-0199-2022-001-000168432
 고3 17
[연계문항 2022년 9월 평가원(고3) 36번] [연계문항 2022년 9월 평가원(고3) 38번]

40.
zb4 0) 다음 글을 읽고 빈칸 (A)와 (B)에 들어갈 말로 가장 42.
z b4 2) 다음 글의 빈칸 (A), (B)에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한
적절한 단어를 찾아 쓰시오. 것은?

When two natural bodies of water stand at different
levels, building a canal between them presents a
complicated engineering problem. To make up for the
difference in level, engineers build one or more
water “steps,” called locks, that carry ships or boats
up or down between the two levels. A lock is an
artificial water basin. It has a long rectangular shape
with concrete walls and a pair of gates at each end.
When a vessel is going upstream, the upper gates
stay closed as the ship enters the lock at the lower
water level. The downstream gates are then closed
and more water is pumped into the basin. The rising
water lifts the vessel to the level of the upper body
of water. Then the upper gates open and the ship
passes through. For downstream passage, the process
works the opposite way. The ship enters the lock
from the ____(A)____ level, and water is pumped
from the lock until the ship is in line with the
____(B)____ level.
* rectangular: 직사각형의
In everyday life, we tend to see any collection of
people as a group. However, social psychologists use
this term more precisely. In particular, they define a
group as two or more people who interact with, and
exert mutual influences on, each other. It is this
sense of mutual interaction or inter-dependence for
a common purpose which distinguishes the members
of a group from a mere aggregation of individuals.
____(A)____, as Kenneth Hodge observed, a collection
of people who happen to go for a swim after work
on the same day each week does not, strictly
speaking, constitute a group because these swimmers
do not interact with each other in a structured
manner. ____(B)____, a squad of young competitive
swimmers who train every morning before going to
school is a group because they not only share a
common objective (training for competition) but also
interact with each other in formal ways (e.g., by
warming up together beforehand). It is this sense of
people coming together to achieve a common
objective that defines a “team”.

* exert: 발휘하다 ** aggregation: 집합

(A) (B)
Otherwise Indeed
[연계문항 2022년 9월 평가원(고3) 37번]
For example Moreover
41. 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?
In contrast In addition
zb4 1)

Culture operates in ways we can consciously

For instance By contrast
consider and discuss but also in ways of which
Nevertheless In other words
we are far less cognizant. When we have to offer an
account of our actions, we consciously understand
which excuses might prove acceptable, given the
particular circumstances where we find ourselves
in. In such situations, we use cultural ideas as we
would use a particular tool. We select the cultural
notion as we would select a screwdriver: certain jobs
call for a Phillips head while others require an Allen
wrench. Whichever idea we insert into the
conversation to justify our actions, the point is that
our motives are discursively available to us. They
are not hidden. In some cases, however, we are far
less aware of why we believe a certain claim to be
true, or how we are to explain why certain social
realities exist. Ideas about the social world
become part of our worldview without our necessarily
being aware of the source of the particular idea or
that we even hold the idea at all.

* cognizant: 인식하는 ** discursively: 만연하게

I410-ECN-0199-2022-001-000168432
 18 고3

[연계문항 2022년 9월 평가원(고3) 39번] [연계문항 2022년 9월 평가원(고3) 40번]

43.
zb4 3) 다음 글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은? 44.
z b4 4) 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?

Each new wave of technology is intended to A striving to demonstrate individual personality

enhance user convenience, as well
security, but sometimes these do not necessarily go
hand-in-hand. For example, the transition from
magnetic stripe to embedded chip slightly slowed
down transactions, sometimes frustrating customers
in a hurry. Make a service too burdensome, and the
potential customer will go elsewhere. This obstacle
applies at several levels. Passwords,
identification, and biometrics such as fingerprint-,
iris-, and voice recognition are all ways of keeping
the account details hidden from potential fraudsters,
of keeping your data dark. But they all inevitably add
a burden to the use of the account. On top of the
hurdles introduced in accessing his or her money, if
a suspected fraud is detected, the account holder
has to deal with the phone call asking if he or she
made the suspicious transactions. This is all useful
at some level ― indeed, it can be reassuring knowing
that your bank is keeping alert to protect you ― but
it becomes tiresome if too many such calls are
received.
Online Transactions Are Safer than Paper Ones
The Heightened Security for You Wears You Out
Obstacles to The Investment in
Technology
Strengths of Technologies to Keep Your Bank
Account Secure
Biometrics: The Most Suitable Means of Identifying
Individuals in a Reliable Way
as improve through designs should not be surprising. Most
designers are educated to work as individuals, and
design literature contains countless references to ‘the
designer’. Personal flair is without doubt an absolute
necessity in some product categories, particularly
relatively small objects, with a low degree of
technological complexity, such as furniture, lighting,
double-key small appliances, and housewares. In larger-scale
projects, however, even where a strong personality
exercises powerful influence, the fact that substantial
numbers of designers are employed in implementing
a concept can easily be overlooked. The emphasis on
individuality is therefore problematic ― rather than
actually designing, many successful designer
‘personalities’ function more as creative managers. A
distinction needs to be made between designers
working truly alone and those working in a group. In
the latter case, ________________ can be equally as
relevant as designers’ creativity.
* strive: 애쓰다 ** flair: 재능
managing all accounting transactions
* fraud: 사기
improving the public relations of the company
finding the truth and presenting it to the public
working towards a common goal with group members
New Growth
helping meet basic and complex needs of many
people

I410-ECN-0199-2022-001-000168432
 고3
[연계문항 2022년 9월 평가원(고3) 41-42]
45.
zb4 5) 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이
적절하지 않은 것은?
Climate change experts and environmental
humanists alike agree that the climate crisis is, at its
core, a crisis of the imagination and much of the
popular imagination is shaped by fiction. In his 2016
book The Great Derangement, anthropologist and
novelist Amitav Ghosh takes on this relationship
between imagination and environmental management,
arguing that humans have failed to respond to
climate change at least in part because fiction fails
to believably represent it. Ghosh explains that climate
change is largely absent from contemporary fiction
because the cyclones, floods, and other catastrophes
it brings to mind simply seem too improbable to
belong in stories about everyday life. But climate
change does not only reveal itself as a series of
extraordinary events. In fact, as environmentalists
and ecocritics from Rachel Carson to Rob Nixon
have pointed out, environmental change can be
perceptible; it proceeds gradually, only occasionally
producing explosive and spectacular events. Most
climate change impacts cannot be observed
day-to-day, but they become visible when we are
confronted with their accumulated impacts.
Climate change avoids our imagination because
it poses significant representational challenges. It
cannot be observed in human time, which is why
documentary filmmaker Jeff Orlowski, who tracks
climate change effects on glaciers and coral reefs,
uses “before and after” photographs taken several
months apart in the same place to highlight changes
that occurred gradually.
* anthropologist: 인류학자 ** catastrophe: 큰 재해
19
[연계문항 2022년 9월 평가원(고3) 43-45]
46. z b4 6) 다음 글의 내용과 일치하는 것은?
Walking out of Charing Cross Station in London,
Emilia and her traveling companion, Layla, already
felt their hearts pounding. It was the second day of
their European summer trip. They were about to visit
one of the world’s most famous art galleries. The two
of them started hurrying with excitement. Suddenly,
Emilia shouted, “Look! There it is! We’re finally at
the National Gallery!” Layla laughed and responded,
“Your dream’s finally come true!” Upon entering the
National Gallery, Emilia knew exactly where to go
first. She grabbed Layla’s hand and dragged her
hurriedly to find van Gogh’s Sunflowers. It was
Emilia’s favorite painting and had inspired her to
become a painter. Emilia loved his use of bright
colors and light. She couldn’t wait to finally see his
masterpiece in person. “It’ll be amazing to see how
he communicated the feelings of isolation and
loneliness in his work,” she said eagerly. However,
after searching all the exhibition rooms, Emilia and
Layla couldn’t find van Gogh’s masterpiece anywhere.
“That’s weird. Van Gogh’s Sunflowers should be
here. Where is it?” Emilia looked upset, but Layla
kept calm and said, “Maybe you’ve missed a notice
about it. Check the National Gallery app.” Emilia
checked it quickly. Then, she sighed, “Sunflowers
isn’t here! It’s been lent to a different gallery for a
special exhibition. I can’t believe I didn’t check!”
“Don’t lose hope yet! Which gallery is the special
exhibition at?” Layla asked. Emilia responded, “Well,
his Sunflowers is still in England, but it’s at a gallery
in Liverpool. That’s a long way, isn’t it?” After a
quick search on her phone, Layla stated, “No! It’s
only two hours to Liverpool by train. The next train
leaves in an hour. Why don’t we take it?” After
considering the idea, Emilia, now relieved, responded,
“Yeah, but you always wanted to see Rembrandt’s
paintings. Let’s do that first, Layla! Then, after
lunch, we can catch the next train.” Layla smiled
brightly.
Layla and Emilia went to the National Gallery on the
last day of their trip to Europe.
Emilia encountered some of van Gogh's works,
looking slowly around the gallery.
Layla and Emilia didn't know Sunflowers had been
rented out until Emilia checked it on the app.
Emilia quickly searched on her cell phone and
found the gallery with Sunflowers.
Layla and Emilia gave up looking at Rembrandt's
paintings to meet the train schedule.
I410-ECN-0199-2022-001-000168432
20 고3

◇「콘텐츠산업 진흥법 시행령」제33조에 의한 표시

◇「콘텐츠산업 진흥법」외에도「저작권법」에 의하여 보호
1) 제작연월일 : 2022-09-14
되는 콘텐츠의 경우, 그 콘텐츠의 전부 또는 일부를 무
2) 제작자 : 교육지대㈜
단으로 복제하거나 전송하는 것은 콘텐츠산업 진흥법
3) 이 콘텐츠는 「콘텐츠산업 진흥법」에 따라 최초
외에도 저작권법에 의한 법적 책임을 질 수 있습니다.
제작일부터 5년간 보호됩니다.

4)
[정답] 취향의 수렴 (또는 알고리즘이 모든 사람을 라이
브러리의 특정 부분으로 몰아넣고 나머지 부분은 듣
1 2 3 4 서술형 5 는 이들이 적은 상태가 되게 만들 수 있다는 것)
[해설] this는 a convergence of tastes 또는
6 7 8 9 서술형 10
algorithms might drive everyone into certain
11 12 13 14 15 parts of the library, leaving others lacking
listeners를 가리키므로 해당 내용을 영어로 작성한
16 17 18 19 서술형 20 다.
21 22 23 24 25
[출제의도] 지칭을 추론한다.

26 서술형 27 28 29 30 5)
[정답]
31 서술형 32 33 34 35
[해설] 주어진 문장은 ‘하지만, 사실, 조세의 도덕적 문제
36 37 38 39 40 서술형 는 세법을 만드는 핵심에 있다’는 내용이다. 연결사
But(하지만)을 고려하면 주어진 문장 앞에는 도덕성
41 42 43 44 45 에 관한 질문은 세법을 만들 때 옆으로 밀려나 있거
나 최악에는 계획과 무관한 것으로 분류된다는 내용
46
이 나오고, 주어진 문장 뒤에는 도덕적 질문은 무관
한 것이 아니라, 세금 부과에 근본적이라는 내용이
나오는 것이 적절하다. 따라서 주어진 문장은 번
1) 자리에 들어가는 것이 적절하다.
[정답] [출제의도] 주어진 문장이 들어갈 위치를 파악한다.
[해설] , , , 번은 Natalie Talley를 가리키고,
번은 Natalie Talley의 팬들을 가리킨다. 6)
[출제의도] 가리키는 대상이 다른 것을 찾는다. [정답]
[해설] (A) 시험 가능성의 기준은 진짜 문제인 것으로 밝
2) 혀졌고 농부는 연구 시설에서 전문적인 시험 구성의
[정답] 통제된 조건을 마련할 수 없다고 했으므로 농부가
[해설] (A) 「keep + v-ing」는 ‘계속 ~하다’란 의미로 연구하는 농장은 매우 결함이 있는 실험실이다. 따
keep이란 동사는 목적어 자리에 동명사를 받는다. 라서 flawed(결함 있는)가 적절하다. (B) 앞 문장,
따라서 drawing이 옳다. (B) 대명사가 가리키는 것 뒷 문장 모두 농부가 경험적 관찰 및 실험하기 어렵
은 something that looked like a face로 다고 이야기하고 있으므로 농부는 통제된 실험을 할
something은 단수이므로 it이 옳다. (C) 「be filled 수 있다고 해도 복잡하고 관찰하기 어려워 관리하기
with ~」는 ‘~로 가득차다’란 표현으로 이 표현이 분 힘들 현상에 자주 직면한다는 것이 옳다. 따라서
사구문이 되면 Being filled with이고, Being은 생 confront(직면하다)가 적절하다. (C) 농부는 자신이
략될 수 있으므로 과거분사 Filled가 옳다. 사용할 수 있는 몇 가지 생산 방법을 넘어서는 것에
[출제의도] 어법상 맞는 표현을 찾는다. 관한 이익 정보를 거의 얻을 수 없다고 했으므로 이
는 상대적 이점의 기준을 측정하기 어렵게 만든다.
3)
따라서 hard가 적절하다.
[정답]
[출제의도] 문맥상 적절한 어휘를 찾는다.
[해설] 문화의 눈에 보이는 면인 관습, 의복, 음식, 언어
만 보면 우리는 타문화 이해에 있어 근시안적 시각 7)
을 키운다. 진정으로 문화를 이해하기 위해서는 문 [정답]
화의 근간인 문화의 숨겨진 측면, 즉 문화의 이면을 [해설] 콘서트 공연이 무언가에 흥미를 느끼는 것이 아니
들여다봐야 한다는 내용의 글이므로, 세계에는 많은 라, 콘서트 공연이 흥미로운 것이므로 현재분사
문화가 존재한다는 것을 받아들이고 이러한 문화들 interesting으로 수정해야 한다.
의 평화로운 공존을 촉진해야 한다는 내용의 번 [출제의도] 어법상 틀린 표현을 찾는다.
문장은 전체적인 글의 내용과 무관하다.
[출제의도] 글의 흐름과 무관한 문장을 파악한다. 8)

I410-ECN-0199-2022-001-000168432
 고3
[정답]
[해설] 스페인은 2011년 재생에너지 발전 용량 면에
43.9 GW로 2위에 있었고 2020년에도 59.1 GW로
2위를 유지했으므로 프랑스 다음인 3위로 순위가 하
락했다는 것은 도표의 내용과 일치하지 않는다.
[출제의도] 도표와 일치하지 않는 내용을 파악한다.
9)
[정답] (예시 답안) His theory of social comparison
earned him a good reputation[high fame].
[해설] 질문의 내용은 ‘무엇이 Festinger에게 높은 명성
을 가져다주었는가?’이다. 그는 자신의 사회 비교
이론으로 그는 훌륭한 명성을 얻었다고 했으므로 해
당 내용을 영어로 작성한다.
[출제의도] 글의 세부 내용을 파악한다.
10)
[정답]
[해설] 직장에서 윤리적 이슈를 마주했을 때 윤리적 원칙
과 일치하는 방식으로 대안 중 하나를 선택하고 결
정을 내릴 줄 알아야 한다고 말하고 있으며, 이러한
윤리적 의사 결정은 결정이 어떻게 내려지든 딜레마
를 만드는 회색 영역이 있기에 항상 쉽지 않긴 하지
만 결국 의사 결정자는 자신이 선택한 윤리를 평가
하고 이에 근거하여 결정하게 된다는 내용이다. 따
라서 글의 주제로 가장 적절한 것은 번 ‘직장에서
윤리적 결정을 내리는 법을 알아야 할 필요성’이다.
[출제의도] 글의 주제를 추론한다.
11)
[정답]
[해설] 원하는 사람은 누구나 인터넷상에서 의견을 말할
수 있고 잘못된 정보가 정보로 퍼지게 되고, 이 상
황에서, 주변 세상의 복잡성을 이해하는 방법을 배
우느라 일생을 보내는 과학자는 경험이 적은 사람에
게 즉석으로 도전을 받게 되며 좌절감을 느낀다는
내용의 글이다. 요약하자면 인터넷에서 잘못된 정보
는 쉽게 퍼질 수 있고, 대중들은 신뢰성 측면에서
과학자와 과학자에게 도전하는 사람들을 구분을 짓
지 않아 과학자를 더 좌절하게 만든다. 따라서 (A)
에는 diffused, disseminated가 적절하고 (B)에는
distinguish, differentiate가 적절하다.
[출제의도] 글의 요약문을 완성한다.
12)
[정답]
[해설] 동물의 영역은 사람의 주택과 마찬가지로 영역이
기능에 따라 분할된다는 내용의 글이므로 글의 제목
으로 가장 적절한 것은 번 ‘동물도 적절하게 그들
의 공간을 나눈다!’이다.
[출제의도] 글의 제목을 추론한다.
13)
[정답]
[해설] 어떤 스타의 팬이 되어 그 사람과의 이상적인 관
계, 기억이나 향수의 감정, 수집하기와 같은 활동을
21
할 수도 있지만, 팬덤의 많은 즐거움이 스타를 향한
애정을 공유하는 다른 사람들과 관계를 맺는 데서
온다는 내용으로 보아, 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적
절한 것은 번 ‘같은 대상을 향한 애정을 공유하는
사람과의 깊은 유대감’이다.
[출제의도] 빈칸에 적절한 표현을 추론한다.
14)
[정답]
[해설] 재단사는 그저 고객의 생각대로 옷을 제작하는 장
인에 불과했었는데 19세기 후반부터 고급 여성복을
제작하는 예술적인 남성 디자이너가 유명해지기 시
작했고 그들이 여성복을 창작하는 예술가로서 존경
받는 지위를 누리게 되었다는 내용이므로, 글의 제
목으로 번 ‘의상 디자인에 관한 현대적 관점: 이
전과 완전히 다르다’가 가장 적절하다.
[출제의도] 글의 제목을 추론한다.
15)
[정답]
[해설] 심리학은 인간 경험과 행동에서 패턴, 규칙성, 질
서를 찾으려고 하는 반면에, 문학은 제멋대로 굴고,
길들여지지 않은 인간 경험의 깊이를 파고들기에 심
리학자들이 규칙성 찾기에만 너무 열중하면 아이의
제멋대로이면서 상상력이 풍부한 말하기 방식과 생
각하기 방식을 놓칠 수 있으므로, 아이의 사고방식
을 잘 파악하려면 아이들이 뛰어놀고 있는 황무지인
문학을 통해 아이를 파악하는 것도 필요하다는 내용
의 글이다. 따라서 필자의 주장으로 가장 적절한 것
은 번 ‘심리학자는 아이의 마음을 더 잘 이해하기
위해 문학에 관심을 가질 필요 있다’이다.
[출제의도] 필자의 주장을 추론한다.
16)
[정답]
[해설] 식물은 동물과 달리 생애 주기 내내 새로운 기관
과 세포 조직을 생성할 수 있기 때문에 재해 등으로
인해 손상된 환경의 소생에 필수적이라는 내용의 글
이므로, 글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은 번 ‘식
물의 강인한 생명력은 주변 환경을 소생시킨다’가
가장 적절하다.
[출제의도] 글의 제목을 추론한다.
17)
[정답]
[해설] 수위가 다른 두 자연 수역 사이에 운하 건설할 때
로크를 만들어 선박이 상류와 하류의 수로를 지나가
도록 한다는 내용의 글이므로 글의 주제로 가장 적
절한 것은 번 ‘배가 수위가 다른 운하를 지나가는
방법’이다.
[출제의도] 글의 주제를 추론한다.
18)
[정답]
[해설] 주어진 문장은 ‘하지만 우리는 어떤 경우에는 우
리가 왜 어떤 주장을 사실이라고 믿는지 또는 어떻
I410-ECN-0199-2022-001-000168432
22
게 우리가 어떤 사회적 현실이 왜 존재하는 지를 설
명할 것인지에 대해 훨씬 덜 알고 있다.’는 내용으
로, 연결사 however로 이어져야 하므로, 주어진 문
장 앞에는 문화적 관념을 의식적으로 도구로 사용한
다는 내용이 나와야 하며, 주어진 문장 뒤에는 문화
적 또는 사회적 관념을 의식하지 못하는 상태에서도
이것이 우리 세계관의 일부가 된다는 내용이 나와야
한다. 따라서 주어진 문장은 에 들어가는 것이 적
절하다.
[출제의도] 주어진 문장이 들어갈 위치를 파악한다.
19)
[정답] common objective / common purpose
[해설] 집단을 단순한 개인들의 집합으로부터 구별하는
것은 바로 공동의 목적을 위한 상호 작용 또는 상호
의존감이라고 했다. 따라서 ‘팀’을 정의하는 것은 공
동의 목표를 달성하기 위해 사람들이 함께 모이는
것을 의미하므로 빈칸에는 common objective나
common purpose가 들어가야 한다.
[출제의도] 빈칸에 적절한 표현을 추론한다.
20)
[정답]
[해설] 자신의 돈에 접근하는 데 ‘도입된’ 난관이란 의미
로, hurdles(난관)가 무언가를 도입하는 것이 아니
라 도입이 된 것이므로 수동의 의미를 나타내는 과
거분사 introduced가 hurdles를 수식하는 것이 옳
다.
[출제의도] 어법상 틀린 표현을 찾는다.
21)
[정답]
[해설] 낮은 단계의 기술적 복잡성을 가진 상대적으로 작
은 물건들의 경우 개인의 재능이 절대적으로 필요하
지만, 더 큰 규모의 프로젝트에는 상당한 수의 디자
이너가 하나의 계획을 실행하기 위해 참여하고 있어
서 개성에 대한 강조가 문제가 될 수 있으며, 집단
으로 일하는 경우 관리 조직과 과정들이 디자이너들
의 창의성 못지않게 똑같이 의미 있을 수 있다는 내
용의 글이다. 따라서 글의 주제로 가장 적절한 것은
번 ‘대규모 프로젝트에서 일하는 디자이너들에게
요구되는 개성 이외의 또 다른 자질’이다.
[출제의도] 글의 주제를 추론한다.
22)
[정답]
[해설] 기후 변화가 야기하는 큰 재해들은 일상생활에 관
한 이야기에 속하기에는 너무 있을 것 같지 않은 일
이며, 인간의 시간은 기후 변화를 감지하기 너무 짧
기 때문에 기후 변화는 우리의 상상에서 벗어난다는
내용의 글이다. 따라서 요약문의 (A)에는 ‘벗어나다’
라는 의미인 deviates, diverges가, (B)에는 ‘~할 것
같지 않은’이라는 의미인 unlikely가 들어가서 ‘기후
변화는 우리의 상상에서 벗어나는데, 그 이유는 자
연재해가 우리의 삶에 일상적으로 일어날 것 같지
않고, 기후의 점진적인 변화를 인지하기 어렵기 때
고3
문이다.’라는 내용이 되어야 한다.
[출제의도] 글의 요약문을 완성한다.
23)
[정답]
[해설] Emilia는 자신이 화가가 되도록 영감을 준 van
Gogh의 Sunflowers를 실제로 볼 수 있는 것에 흥
분하며 내셔널 갤러리에 도착하여 그림을 찾았지만
그림이 없었고, 그림이 특별 전시회를 위해 다른 미
술관에 대여되었다는 것을 알고는 낙담했다. 하지만
Layla가 특별 전시회 열리는 미술관을 알아보고
Sunflowers를 보기 위해 리버풀에 가는 것을 제안
했고, Emilia는 Sunflowers를 볼 수 있다는 생각에
안도감을 느꼈다. 따라서 심경의 변화로 가장 적절
한 것은 번 ‘흥분한 → 낙담한 → 안도하게 된’이
다.
[출제의도] 등장인물의 심경 변화를 추론한다.
24)
[정답]
[해설] 우리 지역 사회는 당신이 지난해에 전국 선수권
대회에서 우승한 것을 매우 자랑스럽게 생각하고 당
신의 놀라운 연기는 우리 모두를 감동하게 했다고
했으므로, 당신이 다시 온 나라를 감동하게 할 것이
라 믿는다는 게 적절하다. 따라서 frighten(겁먹게
하다)을 impress(감동을 주다)와 같은 단어로 수정
해야 한다.
[출제의도] 문맥상 부적절한 어휘를 찾는다.
25)
[정답]
[해설] 주어진 문장은 Jenny가 크레용을 들고 흔들며 아
빠를 불렀다는 내용이다. 아이의 부름에 아빠가 아
이에게 다가가서 큰 원을 그리고 있는 아이에게 무
엇을 하고 있는지 묻는 (C)가 주어진 문장 뒤에 오
는 것이 자연스럽다. 아빠의 질문에 아이는 대답 없
이 계속 그림을 그리고는 그림을 완성했을 때 아빠
에게 그림을 보라고 외치는 내용의 (A)가 (C)뒤에
이어지는 것이 적절하다. 아이가 보여주는 작품을
보고 자신을 그렸다는 것을 알고 감동을 한 아빠의
모습이 그려진 (B)가 마지막에 오는 것이 자연스럽
다.
[출제의도] 글의 순서를 파악한다.
26)
[정답] (A) customs, clothing, food, language, (B)
attitudes, beliefs, values, norms
[해설] (A) 문화의 눈에 보이는 면에 해당하는 요소에
관해서는 밑줄 바로 뒤에 설명하고 있으므로, 관습,
의복, 음식, 언어이다. (B) 문화의 근간이 되는 문화
의 숨겨진 측면은 태도, 신념, 가치, 규범과 같은 것
으로 눈에 보여지는 행동 그 이상의 것들로 글의 첫
문장과 마지막 문장에서 나온다.
[출제의도] 지칭을 추론한다.
27)
I410-ECN-0199-2022-001-000168432
 고3
[정답]
[해설] 주어는 the algorithms으로 주격관계대명사절
that are now pushing and pulling me through
the music library이 주어를 수식하고 있다. 따라
서 주어 algorithms를 받는 동사는 are가 적절하
다.
[출제의도] 어법상 틀린 표현을 찾는다.
28)
[정답]
[해설] 조세 정책을 입법할 때 도덕적 질문에 주의를 기
울이지 않는 경향이 있지만, 조세의 도덕적 문제는
세법을 만드는 핵심이며, 세금 부과에 근본이라고
했으므로 빈칸에 들어갈 가장 적절한 표현은
‘윤리학을 고려하여 도덕적 목표를 세우는 것’이다.
[출제의도] 빈칸에 적절한 표현을 추론한다.
29)
[정답]
[해설] 환경적 학습에서, 농부는 경험적 관찰의 결과를
통해 어떤 농업 활동이 더 많은 이익을 가져다줄 것
인지를 알게 되는데, 현실의 제약으로 인해 경험적
관찰로 상대적 이점의 기준을 마련하는 데 어려움이
따른다는 내용의 글이다. 따라서 글의 제목으로 가
장 적절한 것은 번 ‘농장은 결국에는 진정한 실험
실이 될 수 없다’이다.
[출제의도] 글의 제목을 추론한다.
30)
[정답]
[해설] 정해진 악보를 음악가가 연주할 때 해석을 통한
변화 가능성이 생기는데, 이러한 ‘표현성’으로 인해
우리는 음악에 대한 흥미를 유지하고, 결과적으로
음악계는 풍부해지고 활기를 갖게 된다는 내용의 글
이다. 따라서 글의 주제로 가장 적절한 것은
‘음악 연주에 다양성을 주는 것의 중요성’이다.
[출제의도] 글의 주제를 추론한다.
31)
[정답] (A) higher, (B) third, (C) fourth, (D) lower
[해설] 그래프에 있는 4개국은 각각 2020년 재생에너지
발전 용량이 각각의 2011년 용량보다 더 높았으므
로 (A)에는 higher가 적절하다. 이탈리아는 2011년
재생에너지 발전 용량 면에서 3위에 있었고, 2020
년에도 4위를 차지했으므로 (B)에는 third, (C)에는
fourth가 옳다. 2011년 프랑스의 재생에너지 발전
용량은 이탈리아의 용량보다 낮았으로 (D)에는
lower가 적절하다.
[출제의도] 도표와 일치하는 내용을 파악한다.
32)
[정답]
[해설] 그는 1945년에 매사추세츠 공과대학의 교수가 되
었다. 이후 그는 스탠퍼드대학교로 옮겨 그곳에서
자신의 사회 심리학 연구를 계속했다고 했으므로,
번 ‘그는 매사추세츠 공과대학에서 스탠퍼드 대학
23
교로 옮겼다.’는 글의 내용과 일치한다.
[출제의도] 글의 세부 내용을 파악한다.
33)
[정답]
[해설] (A) 대안 중에서 선택하고 결정을 내리는 방법을
배우는 것은 훌륭한 개인적 가치관뿐만 아니라 관계
가 있는 비즈니스 분야에 대한 지식 역량도 필요로
하는 것이므로 requires가 적절하다. (B) ‘직원은 시
간 훔치기를 하는 동료에 대해 보고해야 하는가? 판
매원은 고객에게 프레젠테이션을 할 때 어떤 제품의
안전 상태가 좋지 않다는 기록에 대한 사실을 생략
해야 하는가?’와 같은 예시로 나온 질문들은 결정이
번 어떻게 내려지든 딜레마를 만들므로 create가 적절
하다. (C) 의사 결정은 대안 중 선택하고 평가하여
결정을 내리는 것이므로 딜레마의 상황에서도 의사
결정자는 자신이 선택한 윤리를 평가하여 지침을 요
청할 것인지 말지를 결정해야 하므로 evaluate(평가
하다)가 적절하다.
[출제의도] 문맥상 적절한 어휘를 찾는다.
34)
[정답]
[해설] 주어진 문장은 늘 그렇듯 경이로운 현대 기술일지
라도 좋은 점은 부정적인 면에 의해 약화된다는 내
용이다. 주어진 문장 뒤에는 소개하고자 하는 부정
적인 면에 관해 나와야 하므로 부정적인 면 중 하나
인 인터넷에서는 누구나 자격에 상관없이 무한히 많
은 주제 중 어느 것에 대해서라도 의견을 말할 수
있다는 (B)가 주어진 문장 뒤에 이어져야 한다. 누구
나 자격에 상관없이 무한히 많은 주제 중 어느 것에
대해서라도 의견을 말할 수 있는 것의 예시인 (C)가
(B)뒤에 이어지는 것이 자연스럽고, 이러한 상황에
의해 잘못된 정보가 퍼지게 되는 것은 과학자에게
번 특히 좌절감을 줄 수 있다는 (A)가 마지막에 오는
것이 적절하다.
[출제의도] 글의 순서를 파악한다.
35)
[정답]
[해설] 주어진 문장은 다양한 정도로, 다른 동물들도 같
은 행동을 한다는 내용이다. 주어진 문장의 do the
same은 keep a neat functional organization으
로 동물들도 인간처럼 정돈된 기능적 체계를 유지한
다는 의미이다. 또한 주어진 문장 뒤에는 공간을 기
능적으로 사용하는 동물들에 관한 내용이 나와야 하
므로 주어진 문장은 번에 들어가는 것이 적절하
다.
[출제의도] 주어진 문장이 들어갈 위치를 파악한다.
36)
[정답]
[해설] 관계사절은 주어 other people with shared
attachments, 자동사 socialize로 이루어진 완전한
문장이다. 따라서 불완전한 문장이 뒤에 이어져야
하는 관계대명사 which는 완전한 문장을 이끄는 관
I410-ECN-0199-2022-001-000168432
24
계부사 where로 수정해야 한다.
[출제의도] 어법상 틀린 표현을 찾는다.
37)
[정답]
[해설] 재단사는 그저 고객의 생각대로 옷을 제작하는 장
인에 불과했었는데 19세기 후반부터 고급 여성복을
제작하는 예술적인 남성 디자이너가 유명해지기 시
작했고 그들이 여성복을 창작하는 예술가로서 존경
받는 지위를 누리게 되었다는 내용의 글이다. 이를
요약하면 과거에는 고객의 요구와 생각이 옷을 만드
는 데 주요하게 반영되었지만, 현대 의상 디자이너
는 예술가로서 그들의 창작물을 만든다. 따라서 (A)
에는 clients, customers가 들어가는 것이 적절하
고 (B)에는 artists가 들어가야 한다.
[출제의도] 글의 요약문을 완성한다.
38)
[정답]
[해설] 심리학자들이 질서 있는 패턴, 즉 아이 마음의 규
칙성을 밝히는 데 너무 열중한다면, 아이가 지닌 더
제멋대로 굴고 상상력이 풍부한 말하기 방식과 생각
하기 방식을 놓칠 수 있다는 내용이 되어야 하므로
figure out(알아내다)을 miss(놓치다)로 수정해야 한
다.
[출제의도] 문맥상 부적절한 어휘를 찾는다.
39)
[정답]
[해설] 식물의 분열조직은 뿌리와 싹에 있는 미분화 세포
조직 부위로, 새로운 장기와 조직을 생성할 수 있다
고 했으므로 번은 글의 내용과 일치하지 않는다.
[출제의도] 글의 세부 내용을 파악한다.
40)
[정답] (A) upper (B) lower
[해설] 상류 통행의 경우, 배가 더 낮은(lower) 수위에
있는 로크에 들어서면 하류의 문이 닫히고 더 많은
물이 웅덩이 안으로 양수되어 상승하는 물이 선박을
위쪽(upper)의 물 높이 수준까지 끌어올린다. 이를
반대로 생각하면 하류 통행 시 배가 위쪽(upper) 수
위에서 로크로 들어오고, 배가 더 낮은(lower) 수위
에 이를 때까지 물이 로크에서 양수된다는 내용이
되어야 한다.
[출제의도] 빈칸에 들어갈 단어를 추론한다.
41)
[정답]
[해설] 관계부사 where 뒤에는 완전한 절이 와야 하는
데, 전치사 in의 목적어가 없는 불완전한 절이 이어
지므로 관계부사 where를 목적격 관계대명사
which로 수정해야 한다.
[출제의도] 어법상 틀린 표현을 찾는다.
42)
[정답]
고3
[해설] (A) 집단의 구성원들을 단순한 개인들의 집합으로
부터 구별하는 것은 바로 공동의 목적을 위한 서로
의 상호 작용 또는 상호 의존감이라는 내용에 이어,
빈칸 뒤에는 매주 같은 날에 일을 마치고 우연히 수
영하러 가는 사람들의 무리는 엄밀히 말하면 집단을
구성하지 않는다는 구체적인 예시가 이어지므로 빈
칸에는 ‘예를 들어’라는 뜻인 For instance, For
example이 들어가야 한다. (B) 매주 같은 날에 일
을 마치고 우연히 수영하러 가는 사람들의 예시와
달리 공동의 목표를 공유하고 상호작용하는 어린 수
영 선수들에 관한 상반된 예시가 이어지므로 빈칸에
는 ‘대조적으로’라는 뜻인 By contrast가 들어가는
것이 적절하다.
[출제의도] 글의 흐름에 적절한 연결사를 추론한다.
43)
[정답]
[해설] 새로운 기술은 데이터를 보호하고 보안을 향상시
키기 위한 것이나, 당신을 번거롭게 하고 귀찮게 할
수도 있다는 내용의 글이다. 따라서 글의 제목으로
는 번 ‘당신을 위해 강화된 보안이 당신을 지치게
한다’가 가장 적절하다.
[출제의도] 글의 제목을 추론한다.
44)
[정답]
[해설] 디자이너에게 있어 낮은 단계의 기술적 복잡성을
가진 상대적으로 작은 물건들의 범주에서는 개인의
재능이 의심할 여지없이 절대적으로 필요한 것이지
만, 더 큰 규모의 프로젝트에는 상당한 수의 디자이
너가 하나의 계획을 실행하기 위해 참여하고 있어서
개성에 대한 강조가 문제가 될 수 있으며 많은 성공
적인 디자이너들이 실제 디자인을 하기 보다는 창의
적 관리자로서 기능한다고 했다. 따라서 집단으로
일하는 디자이너의 경우에는 번 ‘팀원들과 공동의
목표를 향해 일하는 것’이 개인의 창의성만큼이나
유의미할 수 있다는 내용이 되어야 한다.
[출제의도] 빈칸에 적절한 표현을 추론한다.
45)
[정답]
[해설] 환경 변화는 점진적으로 진행되며 단지 이따금
‘폭발적이고 극적인’ 사건들을 만들어 낼 뿐이고, 대
부분의 기후 변화의 영향은 매일 관찰될 수는 없다
고 했으므로 환경 변화는 감지할 수 없다는 내용이
되도록 imperceptible(감지할 수 없는)로 수정해야
한다.
[출제의도] 문맥상 부적절한 어휘를 찾는다.
46)
[정답]
[해설] Emilia와 Layla는 Sunflowers를 찾지 못해, 내
셔널 갤러리의 앱을 찾아보다가 Sunflowers가 특별
전시회를 위해 다른 미술관에 대여되었다는 공지를
보게 되었으므로 번 ‘Layla and Emilia는 Emilia가
앱으로 알아보고 나서야 Sunflowers가 대여되었다는
I410-ECN-0199-2022-001-000168432
 고3 25
것을 알았다’가 글의 내용과 일치한다. 여행 둘
째 날에 갔다. Emilia가 van Gogh의 작품들을
봤다는 내용은 언급되지 않았다. Sunflowers가
전시된 갤러리를 찾아낸 것은 Layla이다.
Rembrandt의 그림을 둘러보고 점심을 먹은 뒤 기
차를 타기로 했다.
[출제의도] 글의 세부 내용을 파악한다.

I410-ECN-0199-2022-001-000168432