HUMAN BODY

PART 1 : SKELETAL SYSTEM

DENNIS WALTON GAVIOLA BALBERO, LPT

PE Instructor PATH Fit 1
The Science of Human Movement
The human body movement is a movement of a body segment
towards the midline of the body. Circumduction is a movement
where the joint is the pivot and the body segment moves in a
combination of flexion, extensions, adduction and abduction.
The type of movement that can be produced at a synovial joint is
determined by its structural type.
While the socket joint gives the good range of movement at an
individual joints.
Movement kinds are generally paired, with the opposite side of the
other.
Body movements are described in relation to the anatomical
position of the body.
Upright stance, with upper limbs to the other side of the body and
palms facing forward.
TWO COMPONENTS OF THE BODY THAT CAUSE HUMAN
BEING TO MOVE

THE SKELETAL
SYSTEM is the
body system composed
of bones, cartilages,
ligaments and other
tissues that perform
essential functions for the
human body.
Bone tissue, or osseous
tissue, is a hard, dense
connective tissue that
forms most of the
adult skeleton, the
internal support structure
of the body.
The human skeleton is made up of 206 bones, including bones of the:

Skull – including the jaw bone

Spine – cervical, thoracic and lumbar vertebrae, sacrum and tailbone
(coccyx)
Chest – ribs and breastbone (sternum)
Arms – shoulder blade (scapula), collar bone (clavicle), humerus, radius
and ulna
Hands – wrist bones (carpals), metacarpals and phalanges
Pelvis – hip bones
Legs – thigh bone (femur), kneecap (patella), shin bone (tibia) and fibula
Feet – tarsals, metatarsals and phalanges.

Major Bones and Bone Groups:

Bone of the Head (Skull – 29)

Vertebral Column (Vertebrae – 26) 7 cervical, 12 thoracic, 5 lumbar,
sacral, and coccygeal vertebrae)
Functions of Skeletal System

The human skeleton has two

major divisions:

AXIAL SKELETON and the

APPENDICULAR SKELETON.
The axial skeleton includes the
bones of the center or axis of
the body. The appendicular
skeleton consists of the bones
of the upper and lower
extremities.
 Factors Influencing Bone Health

Heredity- is an important determinant of Bone Mass

Density (BMD). This is a limiting factor on the amount
of (BMD) an individual can attain.

Nutritional status- is an important in maintaining bone

health. Calcium is an important nutrients for the bones.

Hormonal status- The hormone estrogen plays an

important role in attaining bone mass. While the female
can be developed a lower peak bone mass than
females with regular monthly period. Acceleration on
the rate of bone loss is also likely to happen on
menopausal women due to loss of estrogen.

Activity Level- Children and adolescents should

participate in high impact activities for the bone
development.
Thoracic cage (Ribs- 1-7 true, 8-12 false, 11-12 floating. Sternum- 1)

Pectoral Girdle
a. Clavicle (2)- Collarbone
b. Scapula (2)- Shoulder bone
c. Humerus (2)- long bone of the upper arm

Upper Extremities
a. Radius (2)- Shorter and lateral bone of the forearm
b. Ulna (2)- Medial and longer bone of the forearm
c. Carpals(2)- wrist bone
d. Metacarpals (10) – long bone of the hand
e. Patella (2)- the knee cap
f. Tibia (2) medial and larger two bones of the lower leg
g. Tarsal (14) the bones in the ankle
h. Metatarsals (10)- long bones in the foot that are concave on the plantar
or lower surface
i. Phalanges (28) bones of the toes and fingers.
THANK YOU SO MUCH…