Chapter 6 Test Bank 511

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Questions for Chapter 6
In questions 1–12 suppose that a “word” is any string of seven letters of the alphabet, with repeated letters allowed.
1. How many words are there?
2. How many words end with the letter T?
3. How many words begin with R and end with T?
4. How many words begin with A or B?
5. How many words begin with A or end with B?
6. How many words begin with A or B and end with A or B?
7. How many words begin with A or B or end with A or B?
8. How many words begin with a vowel and end with a vowel?
9. How many words begin with a vowel or end with a vowel?
10. How many words begin with AAB in some order?
11. How many words have no vowels?
12. How many words have exactly one vowel?
13. Find the number of words of length eight of distinct letters of the alphabet so that the words do not have
both A and B in them.
In questions 14–18 consider all bit strings of length 12.
14. How many begin with 110?
15. How many begin with 11 and end with 10?
16. How many begin with 11 or end with 10?
17. How many have exactly four 1’s?
18. How many have exactly four 1’s and none of these 1’s are adjacent to each other?
19. How many permutations of the seven letters A, B, C, D, E, F, G are there?
20. How many permutations of the seven letters A, B, C, D, E, F, G have E in the first position?
21. How many permutations of the seven letters A, B, C, D, E, F, G have E in one of the first two positions?
22. How many permutations of the seven letters A, B, C, D, E, F, G do not have vowels on the ends?
23. How many permutations of the seven letters A, B, C, D, E, F, G have the two vowels before the five conso-
nants?
512 Test Bank Questions and Answers

24. How many permutations of the seven letters A, B, C, D, E, F, G have A immediately to the left of E ?
25. How many permutations of the seven letters A, B, C, D, E, F, G neither begin nor end with A?
26. How many permutations of the seven letters A, B, C, D, E, F, G do not have the vowels next to each other?
27. How many 8-element DNA sequences start with C and end with C?
28. How many 8-element DNA sequences contain exactly four C’s?
29. How many 5-element DNA sequences use all four bases, A, T, C, and G?
30. How many 8-element DNA sequences contain exactly two of the four bases?
In questions 31–37 nine people (Ann, Ben, Cal, Dot, Ed, Fran, Gail, Hal, and Ida) are in a room. Five of them
stand in a row for a picture.
31. In how many ways can this be done if Ben is to be in the picture?
32. In how many ways can this be done if both Ed and Gail are in the picture?
33. In how many ways can this be done if neither Ed nor Fran are in the picture?
34. In how many ways can this be done if Dot is on the left end and Ed is on the right end?
35. In how many ways can this be done if Hal or Ida (but not both) are in the picture?
36. In how many ways can this be done if Ed and Gail are in the picture, standing next to each other?
37. In how many ways can this be done if Ann and Ben are in the picture, but not standing next to each other?
38. In a technician’s box there are 400 VLSI chips, 12 of which are faulty. How many ways are there to pick two
chips, so that one is a working chip and the other is faulty? (Assume that no chips are identical.)
39. How many truth tables are possible for compound propositions with the five variables p, q, r, s, t ?
In questions 40–44 let A be the set of all bit strings of length 10.
40. How many bit strings of length 10 are there?
41. How many bit strings of length 10 begin with 1101?
42. How many bit strings of length 10 have exactly six 0’s?
43. How many bit strings of length 10 have equal numbers of 0’s and 1’s?
44. How many bit strings of length 10 have more 0’s than 1’s?
In questions 45–49 suppose you have 30 books (15 novels, 10 history books, and 5 math books). Assume that all
30 books are different.
45. In how many ways can you put the 30 books in a row on a shelf?
46. In how many ways can you get a bunch of four books to give to a friend?
47. In how many ways can you get a bunch of three history books and seven novels to give to a friend?
48. In how many ways can you put the 30 books in a row on a shelf if the novels are on the left, the math books
are in the middle, and the history books are on the right?
49. In how many ways can you put the 30 books in a row on a shelf if the five math books are to be grouped
together, but there are no restrictions on the placement of the other books?
50. A class consists of 20 sophomores and 15 freshmen. The class needs to form a committee of size five.
(a) How many committees are possible?
(b) How many committees are possible if the committee must have three sophomores and two freshmen?
In questions 51–54 a club with 20 women and 17 men needs to form a committee of size six.
51. How many committees are possible?
52. How many committees are possible if the committee must have three women and three men?
53. How many committees are possible if the committee must have at least two men?
54. How many committees are possible if the committee must consist of all women or all men?
55. A club with 20 women and 17 men needs to choose three different members to be president, vice president,
and treasurer.
Chapter 6 Test Bank 517

Answers for Chapter 6

1. 267
2. 266
3. 265
4. 2 · 266
5. 266 + 266 − 265
6. 4 · 265
7. 2 · 266 + 2 · 266 − 4 · 265
8. 25 · 265
9. 5 · 266 + 5 · 266 − 25 · 265
10. 3 · 264
11. 217
12. 5 · 7 · 216
13. First count the number of words that contain both A and B . This number is 8 · 7 · P (24, 6). Therefore the
answer is equal to total number of words of length eight minus the number of words of length eight that have
both A and B : P (26, 8) − 8 · 7 · P (24, 6).
14. 29
15. 28
16. 2 · 210 − 28

12


17. 4
9


18. 4
19. 7!
20. 6!
21. 2 · 6!
22. 5 · 4 · 5!
23. 2 · 5!
24. 6!
25. 5 · 6!
26. 7! − 2 · 6!
27. 46
28. 5670
518 Test Bank Questions and Answers

29. 4 · 5 · 4 · 3 = 240
30. 1524
31. 5 · P (8, 4)
32. 5 · 4 · P (7, 3)
33. P (7, 5)
34. P (7, 3)
35. 2 · 5 · P (7, 4)
36. 2 · 4 · P (7, 3)
37. 5 · 4 · P (7, 3) − 2 · 4 · P (7, 3)
38. 388 · 12
5
39. 22
40. 210
41. 26
10


42. 6
10


43. 5
10

10

10

210 −(10
5)
44. 6 + 7 + ··· + 10 = 2
45. 30!
46. 30


4
47. 10 15



3 7
48. 15! · 5! · 10!
49. 26! · 5!
50. (a) 35 20 15




5 (b) 3 2
51. 37


6
52. 20

17

3

3

17 20 17

20

17

20

17

20

17

20


53. 2 4 + 3 3 + 4 2 + 5 1 + 6 0
54. 20 17



6 + 6
55. (a) 37 · 36 · 35 (b) 20 · 19 · 17