Title: Assessment of Left Ventricular Diastolic Dysfunction in Hypertensive and Diabetic

Patients Using Two-Dimensional Echocardiography

Aim: This study aims to use two-dimensional echocardiography to assess and characterize left
ventricular diastolic dysfunction in individuals with hypertension and diabetes, with a emphasis
on understanding its prevalence and severity.
Abstract: This study aims to investigate left ventricular diastolic dysfunction in individuals with
hypertension and diabetes, employing two-dimensional echocardiography. The findings stress
the critical significance of early left ventricular function evaluation, even in seemingly
asymptomatic patients with hypertension and diabetes mellitus. Recognizing diastolic
dysfunction in its early stages allows clinicians to implement timely interventions and
management strategies, ultimately reducing the associated risks of mortality and morbidity in
this patient population, contributing to improved healthcare outcomes.
Background: Both hypertension and diabetes mellitus are common chronic medical disorders.
Both illnesses are known to be strongly related to cardiovascular issues, and the impact on the
structure and function of the heart can be significant, assessing diastolic function is becoming
increasingly important in clinical practice.
Left ventricular diastolic dysfunction, defined as inadequate relaxation and filling of the left
ventricle, is a major predictor of unfavorable cardiovascular outcomes. It frequently precedes
clinical heart failure and is an underestimated yet significant factor in cardiac health.
Material and Methodology: In a prospective study from January to May 2023 at Chaudhary
Pervaiz Elahi Hospital Wazirabad, 216 subjects were assessed. Various variables, including age,
gender, disease duration (DM or HTN), disease status, dysfunction grades, left ventricular
hypertrophy, left atrium size, and left ventricular systolic function, were examined through
echocardiography using Toshiba Aplio i700 equipment. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS
version 20.
Results: The study's results revealed a wide age range among respondents, with an average age
of 57.8 years, and a slightly higher number of males (114) compared to females (102). Diastolic
dysfunction was more common in individuals aged 51-60, affecting both hypertensive and
diabetic patients, regardless of disease control. Among 216 subjects, 164 were diagnosed with
dysfunction, with 48 having uncontrolled disease. Diabetes posed a greater risk to the heart,
primarily resulting in grade II, III, & IV dysfunction, while hypertension often led to normal
diastolic function or grade I dysfunction. Both conditions correlated with left ventricular
hypertrophy, left atrial enlargement in 18 cases, and impaired systolic function in 92 subjects.
Conclusion: The study's results emphasized the significance of early left ventricular function
evaluation to be taken into account when treating patients with hypertension and diabetes
mellitus that seem to be free from heart failure symptoms in order to lower the proportion of
mortality and morbidity caused by these conditions.
Keywords: Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), left ventricle diastolic dysfunction (LVDD).
Left ventricle systolic function (LVSF), left atrium size, Echocardiography, diastolic heart failure
(DHF), Hypertension (HTN), Diabetes Mellitus (DM).