IP Addressing and Subnetting

PCSIR
Lecture No 2:
FLSM (Fixed Length Subnet mask)
VLMS (Variable Length Subnet mask)
 IP address with default subnet mask is called Classful Ip
address.
 Ip address with other then default subnet mask is called Class
less Ip address.
 Network ID will always be even
 Broadcast ID will always be Odd
Class C subnetting .

Floor A

Floor B

Floor C

Floor D

No of Hosts. 50
No of networks = 4
192.168.20.0 255.255.255.0

128 192 224 240 248 252 254 255

128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1
25 26 27 28 29 30 31
1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0

 On bits will tell us about subnet Mask.

 Off Bits will tell us about Range(hosts).
 We will never change the mask of network portion
while doing subnetting.
 1 2 4 8 16 32 64 128 256 512 1024 2048 4096 ………..

Networks= 2n 22 = 4 Networks
Hosts = 2h-2 26 -2 = 64-2= 62 Hosts

1st Floor.
192.168.20.0 network ID
192.168.20.1/ 26 First usable IP.
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192.168.20.62 Last Usable IP
192.168.20.63 Broadcast ID.
Network Mask . 255.255.255.192

2nd Floor.
192.168.20.64 network ID
192.168.20.65/26 First usable IP
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192.168.20.126 Last usable IP.
192.168.20.127 Broadcast ID.
Subnet Mask. 255.255.255.192
3rd Floor.
192.168.20.128/26 Network ID
192.168.20.129 First Usable IP
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192.168.20.190 Last Usable IP
192.168.20.191 Broadcast ID
Subnet Mask 255.255.255.192

4th Floor.
192.168.20.192 /26 Network ID
192.168.20.193 /26 First Usable IP.
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192.168.20.254/26 Last Usable IP.
192.168.20.255/26 Broadcast ID.
Subnet Mask 255.255.255.192.

192.168.33.0/24 255.255.255.0

No of Floors = 8

host requirement for each floor 25.

VLSM ( Variable length subnet Mask).

 Always start with the large range in case of VLSM.

Admin

A
128 range 1 X subnet

Networks
B

64 range 1 X subnet

C IR

32 range 1 X subnet

D1
HR
D2

D3

8 range 4 X subnet D4

210.224.23.0 255.255.255.00000000

8+ 8 + 8 +10000000

128 192 224 240 248 252 254 255

 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1

25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32

A 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

B 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0

C 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0

D 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0

255.255.255.248

8+8+8=24+1+1 + 1+1+1 = 29

Requirement A= 128 range 1 X subnet

210.224.23.0 / 25 Network ID

210.224.23.1/25 First Usable IP

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210.224.23.126/25 last usable Ip

210.224.23.127/25 Broadcast ID

255.255.255.128

Requirement B. 64 range 1 X subnet

210.224.23.128/26 network ID

210.224.23.129/26 First Usable IP

210.224.23.190/26 Last Usable IP

210.224.23.191/26 Broadcast ID.

255.255.255.192
Requirement C 32 range 1 X subnet

210.224.23.192/27 Network ID

210.224.23.193/27 First Usable IP

210.224.23.222/27 Last Usable IP

210.224.23.223/27 Broadcast D

255.255.255.224.

Requirement D1 8 range 4 X subnet

210.224.23.224/29 Network ID
210.224.23.225/29 first Usable IP

210.224.23.230/29 last usable IP

210.224.23.231/29 Broadcast ID

255.255.255.248

Requirement D2 8 range 4 X subnet

210.224.23.232/29 Network ID

210.224.23.233/29 First Usable IP

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210.224.23.238/29 Last Usable IP

210.224.23.239/29 Broadcast ID

255.255.255.248

Requirement D3 8 range 4 X subnet

210.224.23.240/29 Network ID

210.224.23.241/29 First Usable IP

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210.224.23.246/29 Last Usable Ip

210.224.23.247/29 Broadcast ID

255.255.255.248

Requirement D4 8 range 4 X subnet

210.224.23.248/29 Network ID

210.224.23.249/29 First Usable Ip

210.224.23.254/29 Last Usable IP

210.224.23.255/29 Broadcast ID

255.255.255.248.

10.0.0.0/8 255.0.0.0

21= 2
22=4
23=8
24=16
25=32
26=64
27=128
28=256
29=512
210=1024
211=2048
212=4096
 A. 1 subnet mask 2048
B. 1 Subnet mask 1024
C. 2 Subnet mask 512
D. 4 subnet mask 256
E. 2 subnet mask 64
F. 4 subnet mask 16

128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1
11111111.00000000.00000000.0000
00.

A. 1 subnet mask 2048.

11111111.11111111.11111000.00000000
255.255.248.0
Network Id. 10.0.0.0/21
First Usable Ip 10.0.0.1/21
….
10.0.0.255
10.0.1……

Last Usable IP. 10.0.7.254/21

Broadcast ID 10.0.7.255/21

A. 1 Subnet mask 1024

11111111.11111111.11111100.00000000
255.255.252.0
Network ID 10.0.8.0/22
first usable IP 10.0.8.1/22

Last usable Ip 10.0.11.254/22

Broadcast ID 10.0.11.255/22

C1 2 Subnet mask 512

11111111.11111111.11111110.00000000
255.255.254.0
Network Id 10.0.12.0/ 23
First Usable Ip 10.0.12.1/23
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10.0.13.254/23
10.0.13.255/23

C2 2 Subnet mask 512

255.255.254.0
Network Id 10.0.14.0/23
First Ip 10.0.14.1/23
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Last Usable Ip. 10.0.15.254/23
Broadcast ID 10.0.15.255/23

A1. 4 subnet mask 256

11111111.111111111.11111111.00000000
255.255.255.0
10.0.16.0/24
First usable IP 10.0.16.1/24
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Last usable Ip 10.0.16.254/24
Broadcast ID 10.0.16.255/24
 A2. 4 subnet mask 256
11111111.111111111.11111111.00000000
255.255.255.0
10.0.17.0/24
First usable IP 10.0.17.1/24
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Last usable Ip 10.0.17.254/24
Broadcast ID 10.0.17.255/24

A3. 4 subnet mask 256

11111111.111111111.11111111.00000000
255.255.255.0
10.0.18.0/24
First usable IP 10.0.18.1/24
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Last usable Ip 10.0.18.254/24
Broadcast ID 10.0.18.255/24

A4. 4 subnet mask 256

11111111.111111111.11111111.00000000
255.255.255.0
10.0.19.0/24
First usable IP 10.0.19.1/24
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Last usable Ip 10.0.19.254/24
Broadcast ID 10.0.19.255/24

D1. 2 subnet mask 64

11111111.11111111.11111111.11000000
255.255.255.192
Network ID 10.0.20.0/26
First Usable Ip 10.0.20.1/26
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Last Usable Ip 10.0.20.62/26
Broadcast ID 10.0.20.63/26

D2. 2 subnet mask 64

11111111.11111111.11111111.11000000
255.255.255.192
Network ID 10.0.20.64/26
First Usable Ip 10.0.20.65/26
..
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Last Usable Ip 10.0.20.126/26

Broadcast ID 10.0.20.127/26

4 subnet mask 16
11111111.11111111.11111111.11110000
255.255.255.240
Network ID. 10.0.20.128/28
First usable Ip 10.0.20.129/28
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Last Usable IP. 10.0.20.142/28
Broadcast Id 10.0.20.143/28

E2 4 subnet mask 16
11111111.11111111.11111111.11110000
255.255.255.240
Network ID. 10.0.20.144/28
First usable Ip 10.0.20.145/28
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Last Usable IP. 10.0.20.158/28
Broadcast Id 10.0.20.159/28

E3 4 subnet mask 16
11111111.11111111.11111111.11110000
255.255.255.240
Network ID. 10.0.20.160/28
First usable Ip 10.0.20.161/28
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Last Usable IP. 10.0.20.174/28
Broadcast Id 10.0.20.175/28

E4 4 subnet mask 16
11111111.11111111.11111111.11110000
255.255.255.240
Network ID. 10.0.20.176/28
First usable Ip 10.0.20.177/28
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Last Usable IP. 10.0.20.190/28
Broadcast Id 10.0.20.191/28
Supernetting .
192.168.10.1
255.255.0.0

A 2X subnets 4096
B 3X subnets 2048
C 4X subnets 1024
D 3x subnets 512
E 4x subnets 256
F 8x subnets 32