Lesson 1 and 2 - Introduction To Vibration and Simple Harmonic Motion3

Manuel S.
Enverga University Foundation, Lucena City College of Engineering

An Autonomous University
INTRODUCTION TO VIBRATION and

SIMPLE HARMONIC MOTION
MEVB 312 – Vibration Engineering
3rd Year Mechanical Engineering
ENGR. DANIELLE JOSEPH H. BUBAN, RMEE

FACULTY – Mechanical Engineering Department, College of Engineering
Manuel S. Enverga University Foundation, Lucena City
An Autonomous University College of Engineering
LESSON LEARNING OUTCOMES

After the lesson, the student must be able to:
1. Discuss vibration as a part of the science of mechanical
engineering
2. Identify, explain, and understand what is vibration and the
different types of vibration
3. Apply simple harmonic motion in solving problems concerned
with vibration analysis
What is Vibration?
WHAT IS VIBRATION?
A mechanical phenomenon whereby oscillations occur about an equilibrium

point. The oscillating, reciprocating, or other periodic motion of a rigid or elastic
body or medium forced from a position or state of equilibrium.
The mechanical oscillations of an object about an equilibrium point. The

oscillations may be regular such as the motion of a pendulum or random such
as the movement of a tire on a gravel road.
WHAT IS
VIBRATION?
When an elastic body
such as spring, a beam
or a shaft are
displaced from the
equilibrium position by
the application of
external forces, they
execute vibratory
motion.
WHAT IS VIBRATION?
In many cases, however, vibration is undesirable,

wasting energy and creating unwanted sound. For
example, the vibrational motions of engines, electric
motors, or any mechanical device in operation are
typically unwanted. Such vibrations could be caused
by imbalances in the rotating parts, uneven friction, or
the meshing of gear teeth. Careful designs usually
minimize unwanted vibrations.
VIBRATION
FREE / NATURAL FORCED DAMPED
LONGITUDINAL CRITICALLY
Harmonically DAMPED
TRANSVERSE
Excited
TORSIONAL OVERDAMPED
VIBRATION
ANALYSIS
FREE
VIBRATION
VIBRATION
ANALYSIS
FORCED
VIBRATION
VIBRATION
ANALYSIS
OVERDAMPED
VIBRATION
VIBRATION
ANALYSIS
CRITICALLY
DAMPED
VIBRATION
VIBRATION ANALYSIS
MEASURABLE QUANTITIES OF
VIBRATIONS
If we could watch a vibrating
object in slow motion, you could
see movements in different
directions. Any vibration has two
measurable quantities. How far
(amplitude or intensity), and
how fast (frequency) the object
moves helps determine its
vibrational characteristics. The
terms used to describe this
movement are frequency,
amplitude and acceleration.
VIBRATIONS
Frequency
A vibrating object moves back and forth from its normal stationary position. A
complete cycle of vibration occurs when the object moves from one extreme
position to the other extreme, and back again. The number of cycles that a
vibrating object completes in one second is called frequency. The unit of
frequency is hertz (Hz). One hertz equals one cycle per second.
Amplitude
A vibrating object moves to a certain maximum distance on either side of
its stationary position. Amplitude is the distance from the stationary
position to the extreme position on either side and is measured in metres
(m). The intensity of vibration depends on amplitude.
VIBRATIONS
Acceleration (measure of vibration intensity)
The speed of a vibrating object varies from zero to a maximum during each cycle of vibration. It
moves fastest as it passes through its natural stationary position to an extreme position. The
vibrating object slows down as it approaches the extreme, where it stops and then moves in the
opposite direction through the stationary position toward the other extreme. Speed of vibration
is expressed in units of meters per second (m/s).
Acceleration is a measure of how quickly speed changes with time. The measure of
acceleration is expressed in units of (meters per second) per second or meters per second
squared (m/s2). The magnitude of acceleration changes from zero to a maximum during each
cycle of vibration. It increases as the vibrating object moves further from its normal stationary
position.


Type of periodic motion that results in an oscillation in
which if uninhibited by friction or any other external force or
dissipation of energy, continues indefinitely. It is also a
motion where the restoring force on the moving object is
directly proportional to the magnitude of the object’s
displacement and acts towards the object’s equilibrium
Sample Problems
1. A horizontal spring (K = 300 N/m) with a mass of 5 kg attached under it is

undergoing simple harmonic motion. Calculate the period, frequency and the angular
frequency of the oscillator
2. A force of 500N is used to stretch a spring with a 2.5 kg mass attached to it by 0.5
m. What is the value of the spring constant and calculate the frequency of the
oscillator
3. A spring with a constant of 100 N/m vibrates at 25 Hz. What is the frequency of
vibration of a spring with a constant of 400 N/m
4. A 0.75kg mass vibrates according to the equation x = 0.65 cos (7.35t). Determine the
amplitude, frequency, period and the spring constant.
4. A 0.75kg mass vibrates according to the equation x = 0.65 cos (7.35t). Determine the
amplitude, frequency, period and the spring constant.
5. A block of mass attached to a spring with a constant of 200 N/m vibrates at 15 Hz.
What is the frequency if the same block is attached to a spring of 500N/m?
ANY QUESTION????
-END-

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Manuel S.

Enverga University Foundation, Lucena City College of Engineering

INTRODUCTION TO VIBRATION and

ENGR. DANIELLE JOSEPH H. BUBAN, RMEE

LESSON LEARNING OUTCOMES

A mechanical phenomenon whereby oscillations occur about an equilibrium

The mechanical oscillations of an object about an equilibrium point. The

In many cases, however, vibration is undesirable,

FREE / NATURAL FORCED DAMPED

SIMPLE HARMONIC MOTION

SIMPLE HARMONIC MOTION

1. A horizontal spring (K = 300 N/m) with a mass of 5 kg attached under it is

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