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LM224 MotorolaInc
LM224 MotorolaInc
LM224 MotorolaInc
The LM324 series are low–cost, quad operational amplifiers with true QUAD DIFFERENTIAL INPUT
differential inputs. They have several distinct advantages over standard OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS
operational amplifier types in single supply applications. The quad amplifier
can operate at supply voltages as low as 3.0 V or as high as 32 V with
quiescent currents about one–fifth of those associated with the MC1741 (on SEMICONDUCTOR
a per amplifier basis). The common mode input range includes the negative TECHNICAL DATA
supply, thereby eliminating the necessity for external biasing components in
many applications. The output voltage range also includes the negative
power supply voltage.
• Short Circuited Protected Outputs
• True Differential Input Stage N SUFFIX
• Single Supply Operation: 3.0 V to 32 V PLASTIC PACKAGE
CASE 646
• Low Input Bias Currents: 100 nA Maximum (LM324A) 14
(LM224, LM324,
• Four Amplifiers Per Package 1 LM2902 Only)
• Internally Compensated
• Common Mode Range Extends to Negative Supply
• Industry Standard Pinouts D SUFFIX
• 14 PLASTIC PACKAGE
ESD Clamps on the Inputs Increase Ruggedness without Affecting CASE 751A
1
Device Operation (SO–14)
PIN CONNECTIONS
Out 1 1 14 Out 4
2
*1 * 13
Inputs 1
3 ) 4
) 12
Inputs 4
MAXIMUM RATINGS (TA = + 25°C, unless otherwise noted.)
LM224 LM2902, VCC 4 11 VEE, Gnd
LM324, LM324A LM2902V
Rating Symbol Unit 5
)2 ) 10
Characteristics Symbol Min Typ Max Min Typ Max Min Typ Max Min Typ Max Min Typ Max Unit
Characteristics Symbol Min Typ Max Min Typ Max Min Typ Max Min Typ Max Min Typ Max Unit
Output Voltage – Low VOL – 5.0 20 – 5.0 20 – 5.0 20 – 5.0 100 – 5.0 100 mV
Limit, VCC = 5.0 V, RL
= 10 kΩ, TA = Thigh to
Tlow(1)
Q18 Q20
Inputs
Q11
Q9
– Q17 Q21
Q6 Q7 Q25
Q2 Q5 Q1 2.4 k
Q8 Q10
Q3 Q4 Q26
2.0 k
VEE/Gnd
1.0 V/DIV
performs the level shifting and transconductance reduction
functions. By reducing the transconductance, a smaller
compensation capacitor (only 5.0 pF) can be employed, thus
saving chip area. The transconductance reduction is
accomplished by splitting the collectors of Q20 and Q18.
Another feature of this input stage is that the input common
mode range can include the negative supply or ground, in
5.0 µs/DIV
single supply operation, without saturating either the input
devices or the differential to single–ended converter. The
second stage consists of a standard current source load Each amplifier is biased from an internal–voltage regulator
amplifier stage. which has a low temperature coefficient thus giving each
amplifier good temperature characteristics as well as
excellent power supply rejection.
16 VEE = Gnd
A VOL, LARGE–SIGNAL
TA = 25°C
14 80
12
60
10
Negative 40
8.0
Positive
I
6.0 20
4.0
0
2.0
0 –20
0 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10 12 14 16 18 20 1.0 10 100 1.0 k 10 k 100 k 1.0 M
± VCC/VEE, POWER SUPPLY VOLTAGES (V) f, FREQUENCY (Hz)
RL = 2.0 kΩ 500
12 VCC = 15 V
VO , OUTPUT VOLTAGE (mV)
VEE = Gnd Input
10 450
Gain = –100
Output
RI = 1.0 kΩ 400
8.0 RF = 100 kΩ
350
6.0
300
4.0 250 VCC = 30 V
VEE = Gnd
2.0 200 TA = 25°C
CL = 50 pF
0 0
1.0 10 100 1000 0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0 8.0
f, FREQUENCY (kHz) t, TIME (µs)
Figure 5. Power Supply Current versus Figure 6. Input Bias Current versus
Power Supply Voltage Power Supply Voltage
2.4
2.1
R
TA = 25°C
ICC , POWER SUPPLY CURRENT (mA)
RL =
I IB , INPUT BIAS CURRENT (nA)
90
1.8
1.5
1.2
0.9 80
0.6
0.3
0 70
0 5.0 10 15 20 25 30 35 0 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10 12 14 16 18 20
VCC, POWER SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V) VCC, POWER SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V)
50 k
R1
VCC 5.0 k
VCC R2
– 10 k VCC
1/4 Vref –
LM324 VO 1/4
LM324 VO
MC1403 +
2.5 V + 1
1 fo = 2 π RC
Vref = VCC
2
For: fo = 1.0 kHz
R1 R = 16 kΩ
VO = 2.5 V 1+ R C
R2 R C = 0.01 µF
C
Figure 9. High Impedance Differential Amplifier Figure 10. Comparator with Hysteresis
+ 1
e1
1/4 CR R R2
LM324 Hysteresis
–
VOH
R1 VO
– Vref +
a R1 1/4
R1 LM324 eo 1/4
LM324
+ Vin – VO
b R1 VOL
1 VinL VinH
–
1/4 CR R1
VinL = (V – V ) + Vref Vref
LM324 R1 + R2 OL ref
e2 + R R1
VinH = (V – V ) + Vref
R1 + R2 OH ref
eo = C (1 + a + b) (e2 – e1) R1
H= (V – V )
R1 + R2 OH OL
R
1
fo = 2 π RC
R 100 k
R1 = QR
1
Vin C1 R2 C R1 Vref = VCC
C R2 = 2
– R TBP
1/4
LM324 – 100 k
1/4 – R3 = TN R2
+ LM324 1/4
+ LM324 C1 = 10C
Figure 12. Function Generator Figure 13. Multiple Feedback Bandpass Filter
1 Triangle Wave
Vref = VCC R2 VCC
2 Output
300 k C R3
Vref + R1 C
1/4 R3 Vin – CO
+ 1/4
LM324 1/4 VO
– 75 k LM324
R1 LM324
– Square + CO = 10 C
100 k Wave R2
Vref Output
C Vref 1
Vref = 2 VCC
Rf
R1 + RC R2 R1
f = if R3 = Given: fo = center frequency
4 CRf R1 R2 + R1
A(fo) = gain at center frequency
OUTLINE DIMENSIONS
N SUFFIX
PLASTIC PACKAGE
CASE 646–06
(LM224, LM324, LM2902 Only)
NOTES:
ISSUE L 1. LEADS WITHIN 0.13 (0.005) RADIUS OF TRUE
14 8 POSITION AT SEATING PLANE AT MAXIMUM
MATERIAL CONDITION.
B 2. DIMENSION L TO CENTER OF LEADS WHEN
FORMED PARALLEL.
1 7 3. DIMENSION B DOES NOT INCLUDE MOLD
FLASH.
4. ROUNDED CORNERS OPTIONAL.
A INCHES MILLIMETERS
DIM MIN MAX MIN MAX
F L A 0.715 0.770 18.16 19.56
B 0.240 0.260 6.10 6.60
C 0.145 0.185 3.69 4.69
D 0.015 0.021 0.38 0.53
C F 0.040 0.070 1.02 1.78
G 0.100 BSC 2.54 BSC
J H 0.052 0.095 1.32 2.41
N J 0.008 0.015 0.20 0.38
SEATING K 0.115 0.135 2.92 3.43
PLANE K L 0.300 BSC 7.62 BSC
H G D M M 0_ 10_ 0_ 10_
N 0.015 0.039 0.39 1.01
D SUFFIX
PLASTIC PACKAGE
CASE 751A–03
(SO–14)
ISSUE F NOTES:
1. DIMENSIONING AND TOLERANCING PER ANSI
–A– Y14.5M, 1982.
2. CONTROLLING DIMENSION: MILLIMETER.
3. DIMENSIONS A AND B DO NOT INCLUDE
MOLD PROTRUSION.
14 8 4. MAXIMUM MOLD PROTRUSION 0.15 (0.006)
PER SIDE.
–B– P 7 PL 5. DIMENSION D DOES NOT INCLUDE DAMBAR
PROTRUSION. ALLOWABLE DAMBAR
1 7
0.25 (0.010) M B M PROTRUSION SHALL BE 0.127 (0.005) TOTAL
IN EXCESS OF THE D DIMENSION AT
MAXIMUM MATERIAL CONDITION.
MILLIMETERS INCHES
G R X 45 _ F DIM MIN MAX MIN MAX
C A 8.55 8.75 0.337 0.344
B 3.80 4.00 0.150 0.157
C 1.35 1.75 0.054 0.068
D 0.35 0.49 0.014 0.019
–T– F 0.40 1.25 0.016 0.049
K M J G 1.27 BSC 0.050 BSC
SEATING D 14 PL
PLANE J 0.19 0.25 0.008 0.009
0.25 (0.010) M T B S A S K 0.10 0.25 0.004 0.009
M 0_ 7_ 0_ 7_
P 5.80 6.20 0.228 0.244
R 0.25 0.50 0.010 0.019
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the suitability of its products for any particular purpose, nor does Motorola assume any liability arising out of the application or use of any product or circuit, and
specifically disclaims any and all liability, including without limitation consequential or incidental damages. “Typical” parameters which may be provided in Motorola
data sheets and/or specifications can and do vary in different applications and actual performance may vary over time. All operating parameters, including “Typicals”
must be validated for each customer application by customer’s technical experts. Motorola does not convey any license under its patent rights nor the rights of
others. Motorola products are not designed, intended, or authorized for use as components in systems intended for surgical implant into the body, or other
applications intended to support or sustain life, or for any other application in which the failure of the Motorola product could create a situation where personal injury
or death may occur. Should Buyer purchase or use Motorola products for any such unintended or unauthorized application, Buyer shall indemnify and hold Motorola
and its officers, employees, subsidiaries, affiliates, and distributors harmless against all claims, costs, damages, and expenses, and reasonable attorney fees
arising out of, directly or indirectly, any claim of personal injury or death associated with such unintended or unauthorized use, even if such claim alleges that
Motorola was negligent regarding the design or manufacture of the part. Motorola and are registered trademarks of Motorola, Inc. Motorola, Inc. is an Equal
Opportunity/Affirmative Action Employer.
MFAX: RMFAX0@email.sps.mot.com – TOUCHTONE 602–244–6609 ASIA/PACIFIC: Motorola Semiconductors H.K. Ltd.; 8B Tai Ping Industrial Park,
INTERNET: http://Design–NET.com 51 Ting Kok Road, Tai Po, N.T., Hong Kong. 852–26629298
*LM324/D*
8 ◊ MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA
LM324/D