Types of Assessment

USER

Types of Assessment

Types of Assessment , USER 1

1. Diagnostic

1.1 It assess a student's strengths, weaknesses knowledge and

skills prior to instruction.
1.1.1 ADVANTAGES: -ESTABLISHES A BASELINE FOR THE CLASS -ALLOWS
FOR BETTER DIFFERENTIATION PLANS FOR THE STUDENTS -PROVIDES
A FRAME OF REFERENCE FOR LATER ASSESSMENTS DISADVANTAGE: -
IT MAY CAUSE AN EDUCATOR TO MAKE INCORRECT INFERENCES
ABOUT A CHILD'S ABILITY LEVEL

1.1.1.1 This assessment is for learning. In kindergarten at the beginning of term I

would use flashcards with the alphabet to see if they know the sounds of
letters and they can blend them together and sound them out.
Kindergarten in China ELL's.

1.2 Source:
https://www.teachingchannel.org/questions/what-are-
the-advantages-and-disadvantages-of-diagn/?
utm_source=newsletter20151114/

2. Formative

Types of Assessment , USER 2

2.1 Assesses a student's performance during instruction and
usually occurs regularly throughout the instruction
process
2.1.1 ADVANTAGES: THEY ARE NOT GRADED, WHICH TAKES THE ANXIETY
AWAY FROM STUDENTS. THEY SERVE AS A PRACTICE FOR STUDENTS TO
GET ASSISTANCE ALONG THE WAY BEFORE THE FINAL TESTS.
TEACHERS USUALLY CHECK FOR UNDERSTANDING IN THE EVENT THAT
STUDENTS ARE STRUGGLING DURING THE LESSON. TEACHERS ADDRESS
THESE ISSUES EARLY ON INSTEAD OF WAITING UNTIL THE END OF THE
UNIT TO ASSESS. DISADVANTAGES: COULD HAPPEN THERE IS NOT TIME
TO FINISH LESSON. TEACHERS MAY LACK TRAINING OR PROFESSIONAL
DEVELOPMENT ON HOW TO USE FORMATIVE ASSESSMENTS
SUCCESSFULLY BECAUSE, HISTORICALLY, ASSESSMENTS ARE
COMPLETED AT THE END.. STUDENTS MAY NOT TAKE THE
ASSESSMENTS SERIOUSLY, WHICH MAY CAUSE TEACHERS TO MISREAD
FEEDBACK FROM STUDENTS.

2.1.1.1 Assessment of learning. Quizzes, dictations, memory games for phonics.

2.2 Source:
http://www.teachthought.com/pedagogy/assessment/6-
types-assessment-learning/

3. Summative
3.1 Measure a student's achievement at the end of the
instruction.
3.1.1 ADVANTAGES

Types of Assessment , USER 3

3.1.2 THEY PROVIDE MOTIVATION FOR STUDENTS TO STUDY AND PAY
ATTENTION IN CLASS. THEY ALSO GIVE GREAT INSIGHT TO TEACHERS:
IF NONE OF THE CHILDREN IN A CLASS SCORE ABOVE A 2 OR 3 ON AN AP
EXAM, IT IS MUCH MORE LIKELY TO BE THE RESULT OF POOR OR OFF-
TOPIC INSTRUCTION THAN A CLASS OF STUDENTS UNABLE TO
COMPLETE THE WORK.

3.1.2.1 Assessment of learning. After a theme we always let students do a

summative assessment. In kindergarten we will have a game where
students can show how much they have learned. For example for theme
sports children have to create their own sport and play it with peers.

3.1.3 DISADVANTAGES

3.1.4 MANY INSTRUCTORS ARE ACCUSED OF “TEACHING TO THE TEST.”AS A

RESULT, SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT IS NOT ALWAYS THE MOST
ACCURATE REFLECTION OF LEARNING.

3.2 Source:
http://www.teachthought.com/pedagogy/assessment/6-
types-assessment-learning/

4. Performance-based
4.1 It measures students' ability to apply the skills and
knowledge learned from a unit or units of study. It
challenges students to use their higher-order thinking
skills to create a product or complete a process.

Types of Assessment , USER 4

4.1.1 ADVANTAGES USING A STUDENT-CENTERED DESIGN CAN PROMOTE
STUDENT MOTIVATION. CAN BE USED TO ASSESS TRANSFER OF SKILLS
AND INTEGRATION OF CONTENT. ENGAGES STUDENT IN ACTIVE
LEARNING. ENCOURAGES TIME ON ACADEMICS OUTSIDE OF CLASS. CAN
PROMOTE STUDENT CREATIVITY. USUALLY THE MOST VALID WAY OF
ASSESSING SKILL DEVELOPMENT DISADVANTAGES USUALLY THE
MOSTLY COSTLY APPROACH. TIME CONSUMING AND LABOR INTENSIVE
TO DESIGN AND EXECUTE FOR FACULTY AND STUDENTS. MUST BE
CAREFULLY DESIGNED IF USED TO DOCUMENT OBTAINMENT OF
STUDENT LEARNING OUTCOMES. GRADES CAN BE MORE SUBJECTIVE.
REQUIRES CAREFUL TRAINING OF RATERS;

4.1.1.1 Assessment of learning.Examples of these measurements are open-ended

questions, written compositions, oral presentations, projects, experiments,
and portfolios of student work. As for kindergarten level we make pictures,
constructions with blocks, 3D posters, art.

4.2 Source:
https://www.scribd.com/doc/49749305/Advantages-
and-disadvantages-of-Performance-based-assessment

5. High-stakes
5.1 high-stakes test is any test used to make important
decisions about students, educators, schools, or districts.
Its purpose is to ensure that students are enrolled in
effective schools and being taught by effective teachers.

Types of Assessment , USER 5

5.1.1 ADVANTAGES: HIGH-STAKES TEST RESULTS CAN BE USED TO HELP
TEACHERS CREATE A LEARNING PLAN BASED ON YOUR KID'S NEEDS—
HELPING HER IN THE LONG RUN. LOOK AT YOUR CHILD'S TEST RESULTS
AS A TOOL FOR PROGRESS, NOT AS A JUDGMENT ON ABILITY OR
INTELLIGENCE. DATA FROM STATEWIDE TESTING IS ALMOST ALWAYS
PUBLICLY AVAILABLE. DISADVANTAGES: HIGH STAKES EXAMS CAN
CAUSE ANXIETY, BUT YEARLY TESTING AND FREQUENT PRACTICE
TESTS CAN HELP KIDS IMPROVE THEIR TEST-TAKING ABILITIES OVER
TIME. HIGH-STAKES TESTS CAUSE ANY SUBJECT THAT ISN'T MATH OR
LANGUAGE ARTS TO BE PUSHED OUT OF THE CLASSROOM. PRESSURE
ON TEACHERS CAN CLAMP DOWN ON CREATIVITY AND INNOVATION.

5.1.1.1 Assessment of learning. Papers given by school where children have to

write are typical of this assessments. They get a picture of a cat and they
need to write the word.

5.2 Source:https://www.education.com/magazine/article/
high-stakes-testing-pros-consm
http://edglossary.org/high-stakes-testing/

6. Portfolio
6.1 It is a collection of student work that has been selected and
organized to show student leaning progress or students
best work.

Types of Assessment , USER 6

6.1.1 ADVANTAGES: THEY REQUIRE STUDENTS TO CONTINUOUSLY REFLECT
AND PERFORM SELF-EVALUATIONS OF THEIR WORK. THEY ARE
INDIVIDUALIZED AND PROMOTE COMMUNICATION. DISADVANTAGES:
LACK OF A STANDARD FOR A PORTFOLIO, AN INHERENT BIAS BASED ON
INDIVIDUAL ASSESSMENTS AND A LACK OF ACCESS TO THE LARGER
PORTION OF THE STUDENT POPULATION OF A CAMPUS. PORTFOLIOS
ARE USUALLY A COLLECTION OF A STUDENT'S WORK ONLINE,
INCLUDING PAPERS, WRITING AND EXERCISES THAT WERE ASSIGNED
AS COURSEWORK

6.1.1.1 Assessment of learning. Portfolios are very used in PreK. Each work we
make is kept in it. Not only for students to keep track but especially for
parents to monitor their children's performance.

6.2 Source:
https://www.geneseo.edu/sites/default/files/sites/educa
tion/p12resources-portfolio-assessment.pdf
https://www.geneseo.edu/sites/default/files/sites/educa
tion/p12resources-portfolio-assessment.pdf

7. Authentic
7.1 An approach to measure student performance in a direct,
relevant way to see if the learning objectives were met.
7.1.1 ADVANTAGES: CONNECTS STUDENTS WITH REAL LIFE(LIFE IS NOT
MEASURED WITH MULTIPLE CHOICE). COMBINES TEACHING, LEARNING
AND ASSESSMENT TO PROMOTE STUDENT LEARNING AND
ENGAGEMENT. DISADVANTAGES: PROVIDES SUBJECTIVE SCORING
(ESPECIALLY COMPARED TO STANDARDIZED ASSESSMENT). LIMITS
SKILLS AND KNOWLEDGE ASSESSED.

Types of Assessment , USER 7

7.1.1.1 Assessment of learning. For kindergartners we can read a story and
students in group have to perform it using the vocabulary taught.

7.2 Source: https://prezi.com/krvztfzwdc5t/pros-and-cons-

of-authentic-assessment-and-standardized-testi/

8. Self-assessment
8.1 It requires students to reflect on their own work and judge
how well they have performed in relation to the
assessment criteria. The focus is to provide opportunities
for them to be able to identify what constitutes a good (or
poor!) piece of work

Types of Assessment , USER 8

8.1.1 ADVANTAGES: IT CAN PROVIDE THE TEACHER WITH VERY PRACTICAL
AND FUNCTIONAL INFORMATION ABOUT WHAT STUDENTS WANT
FROM THE COURSE, THE PROGRESS THAT THEY HAVE MADE, THEIR
DIFFICULTIES, THEIR FAVORITE ACTIVITIES OR EVEN SOME
SUGGESTIONS OR IMPROVEMENTS THAT THE TEACHER CAN
IMPLEMENT LATER ON. IT HELPS STUDENTS TO THINK ABOUT THEIR
OWN LEARNING, LEARNING PROGRESS AND PROBLEMS, AND THEN,
FIND WAYS TO IMPROVE. IF WELL ANSWERED, SELF- ASSESSMENT IS A
VERY EFFICIENT METHOD OF GETTING INFORMATION.
DISADVANTAGES: LACK OF MATURITY. SOME STUDENTS ARE NOT
READY TO HAVE A SELF-ASSESSMENT TASK, MOSTLY BECAUSE THEY
AREN’T AWARE OF THE SERIOUSNESS OR IMPORTANCE OF THE
PROCESS; THEREFORE THEY TEND TO GIVE THEMSELVES A HIGHER
GRADE, WHICH ALTERS THE FINAL RESULT. IT CAN ALSO HAPPEN THE
OTHER WAY AROUND, BUT WE BELIEVE THAT THIS IS THE MOST
COMMON. SELF-ASSESSMENT ONLY WORKS IF STUDENTS HAVE BEEN
TRAINED TO SELF-ASSESS THEMSELVES. IT IMPLIES KNOWLEDGE
ABOUT LANGUAGE AND LEARNING WHICH MOST SECOND LANGUAGE
LEARNERS D

8.1.1.1 Assessment for learning. The only way I can think of self assessment is
giving them a quiz and let them correct by themselves, being given the
answers. Assessment becomes even more relevant when students become
involved in their own assessment. Students taking an active role in
developing the scoring criteria, self-evaluation, and goal setting, more
readily accept that the assessment is adequately measuring their learning.
Advantages: It can provide the teacher with very practical and functional
information about what students want from the course, the progress that
they have made, their difficulties, their favorite activities or even some

Types of Assessment , USER 9

8.2 Source:
https://www.reading.ac.uk/engageinassessment/peer-
and-self-assessment/self-assessment/eia-self-
assessment.aspx

9. Peer-assessment
9.1 In peer assessment, a collaborative learning technique,
students evaluate their peers’ work and have their work
evaluated by peers. Often used as a learning tool.
9.1.1 ADVANTAGES: EXTERNAL MOTIVATOR TO WORK HARDER AND
PERFORM BETTER. STUDENTS CARE WHAT THEIR PEERS THINK OF
THEM. LEARNERS’ SELF-PERCEIVED ACADEMIC COMPETENCE AND
SELF-ESTEEM ARE MORE POWERFULLY AFFECTED BY THEIR PEERS’
EVALUATION THAN BY THEIR TEACHER’S. FUNCTIONS AS A
COLLABORATIVE LEARNING EXPERIENCE, ESPECIALLY WHEN THE
ASSESSOR IS EXPECTED TO GIVE FORMATIVE AND QUALITATIVE
FEEDBACK. WHEN ASSESSOR AND ASSESSED ARE ENCOURAGED TO
DISCUSS DIFFERENCES IN OPINIONS AND LOOK FOR IMPLICATIONS AND
SOLUTIONS TOGETHER. DISADVANTAGES: STUDENTS GENERALLY
INITIALLY QUESTION THE ABILITY OF PEERS TO ASSESS THEIR WORK,
AND THE VALUE OF THE FEEDBACK RECEIVED. STUDENTS TEND TO
VIEW THEMSELVES AND THEIR PEERS AS TOO INEXPERIENCED TO BE
MAKING ACCURATE AND FAIR ASSESSMENTS OF THEIR WORK. THIS IS
ESPECIALLY TRUE WHEN STUDENTS ARE RECEIVING GRADES BASED ON
PEER FEEDBACK

Types of Assessment , USER 10

9.1.1.1 Assessment for learning. At their 5/6 years old there has to be some
intervention of the teacher as children are not ready to assess. Normally
what I do after an activity, I swap quizzes and write the answers on the
board so students can check their peers work.

9.2 Source:
http://www.teachthought.com/pedagogy/assessment/6-
types-assessment-learning/

10. Bibliography
Authentic assessment. http://education.cu-portland.edu/blog/curriculum-instruction/tips-on-how-to-use-
authentic-assessment-as-a-teaching-strategy.
Authentic assessment. https://prezi.com/krvztfzwdc5t/pros-and-cons-of-authentic-assessment-and-
standardized-testi/.
Diagnose Assessment. https://www.teachingchannel.org/questions/what-are-the-advantages-and-
disadvantages-of-diagn/?utm_source=newsletter20151114/ .
Formative, Summative Assessment. http://www.teachthought.com/pedagogy/assessment/6-types-assessment-
learning/.
High Stakes . http://edglossary.org/high-stakes-testing/.
High stakes assessment. https://www.education.com/magazine/article/high-stakes-testing-pros-cons.
Peer Assessment.
https://classroom-assessment-theory-into-practice.wikispaces.com/Benefits+and+Limitations+of+Peer+Assess
ment.
Performance based assessment. https://www.scribd.com/doc/49749305/Advantages-and-disadvantages-of-
Performance-based-assessment.
Portfolio Assessment. http://education.seattlepi.com/describe-advantages-portfolio-assessment-students-
1470.html.
Portfolio Assessment. https://www.geneseo.edu/sites/default/files/sites/education/p12resources-portfolio-
assessment.pdf.
Portfolio Assessment. https://www.reference.com/business-finance/disadvantages-portfolio-assessment-
e37a4fb60a54fa94# .
Self assessment. https://www.reading.ac.uk/engageinassessment/peer-and-self-assessment/self-assessment/
eia-self-assessment.aspx.

Types of Assessment , USER 11