Social-Stratification Only

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AP12 Q2 UCSP Mod9 Social Stratification
Survey of Philippine Literature in English (Pampanga State Agricultural University)
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Understanding Culture,
Society and Politics
Quarter 2 – Module 9:
Social Stratification

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Understanding Culture, Society and Politics – Grade 12

Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 2 – Module 9: Social Stratification
First Edition, 2020
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Published by the Department of Education

Nicolas T. Capulong, PhD, CESO V
Ronilo AJ K. Firmo, PhD, CESO V
Librada M. Rubio, PhD
Development Team of the Module

Writer: Diana C. Rodriguez
Editors: Honey Rocehl V. Sapitan
Ann Christian A. Francisco
Reviewers: Nelie D. Sacman, PhD
Christian C. Linsangan
Illustrator: Cristoni A. Macaraeg
Layout Artists: Agnes P. Baluyot
Jonathan Paranada
Ryan Pastor
Management Team:
Nicolas T. Capulong, PhD, CESO V
Librada M. Rubio, PhD
Angelica M. Burayag, PhD
Ma. Editha R. Caparas, PhD
Nestor P. Nuesca, EdD
Ramil G. Ilustre, PhD
Larry B. Espiritu, PhD
Rodolfo A. Dizon, PhD
Nelie D. Sacman, PhD
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Understanding Culture,
Society and Politics
Quarter 2 – Module 9:

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Introductory Message
For the facilitator:
Welcome to the Understanding Culture, Society and Politics for Grade 12

Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) Modules on Social Stratification.
This module was collaboratively designed, developed and reviewed by

educators both from public and private institutions to assist you, the teacher or
facilitator in helping the learners meet the standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum
while overcoming their personal, social, and economic constraints in schooling.
This learning resource hopes to engage the learners into guided and independent
learning activities at their own pace and time. Furthermore, this also aims to help
learners acquire the needed 21st century skills while taking into consideration
their needs and circumstances.
For the learners:
Welcome to the Understanding Culture, Society and Politics for Grade 12

Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) Modules on Social Stratification.
This module will let you know about the concept, characteristics and forms
of stratification systems using sociological perspectives. And it is designed to
provide you fun and meaningful opportunities for guided and independent learning
at your own pace and time. You will be enabled to process the contents of the
learning resource while being an active learner. Your academic success lies in your
own hands!
In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the
body of the module:
Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies
that will help you in guiding the learners.
As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this
module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them
to manage their own learning. Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and
assist the learners as they do the tasks included in the module.
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This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:
This will give you an idea of the skills or

What I Need to Know competencies you are expected to learn in the
module.
This part includes an activity that aims to
What I Know check what you already know about the
lesson to take. If you get all the answers
correct (100%), you may decide to skip this
module.
This is a brief drill or review to help you link
What’s In the current lesson with the previous one.
In this portion, the new lesson will be

What’s New introduced to you in various ways such as a
story, a song, a poem, a problem opener, an
activity or a situation.
This section provides a brief discussion of the
What is It lesson. This aims to help you discover and
understand new concepts and skills.
This comprises activities for independent
What’s More practice to solidify your understanding and
skills of the topic. You may check the
answers to the exercises using the Answer
Key at the end of the module.
This includes questions or blank
What I Have Learned sentence/paragraph to be filled in to process
what you learned from the lesson.
This section provides an activity which will
What I Can Do help you transfer your new knowledge or skill
into real life situations or concerns.
This is a task which aims to evaluate your
Assessment level of mastery in achieving the learning
competency.
In this portion, another activity will be given
Additional Activities to you to enrich your knowledge or skill of
the lesson learned. This also tends retention
of learned concepts.
This contains answers to all activities in the
Answer Key module.
At the end of this module you will also find:
This is a list of all the sources used in

References
developing this module.
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The following are some reminders in using this module:
1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of
the module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.
2. Don‘t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other activities
included in the module.
3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your
answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it.
If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not
hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are not
alone.
We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning and
gain deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!
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What I Need to Know
This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help
you master the concept, characteristics and forms of stratification systems using
sociological perspectives. The scope of this module permits it to be used in many
different learning situations. The language used recognizes the diverse vocabulary
level of students. The lessons are arranged to follow the standard sequence of the
course. But the order in which you read them can be changed to correspond with
the textbook you are now using.
This module is about Social Stratification.
After going through this module, you are expected to:
1. explain the concept of social stratification systems;

2. distinguish the three social classes of social stratification;
3. examine stratification using sociological perspectives; and
4. identify the forms and characteristics of the system of stratification.
What I Know
TRUE or FALSE: Write TRUE if the statement is correct and word FALSE if the
statement is incorrect. Use the separate answer sheet in answering.
________1. Social stratification is strutted and hierarchical ranking of individuals

based on their family, occupation, income, wealth and power.
________2. Social class refers to the position of an individual or group within a
social structure
________3. Authority is the ability to secure one‘s ends in life, even against
opposition.
________4. Conflict perspective views society as composed of different groups and
interest competing for power and resources.
________5. Slavery is a hereditary endogamous social group in which a person‘s
rank and its accompanying rights and obligations are ascribed on the
basis of his birth into a particular group.
________6. Manifest functions are consequences that are unintended and often
hidden.

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________7. Micro sociology level of sociological analysis that is concerned with the
social psychological dynamics of individuals interacting in small
groups.
________8. In this system a person has little or no possibility of moving up social
ladder called closed system.
________9. Upper class refers to the elite families, who are the most productive and
successful.
_______10. Social status it refers to the behavior expected of a person who occupies
a particular status.
_______11. W.I. Thomas emphasized the importance of definitions and meanings in
social behavior and its consequences.
_______12. It looks at the big picture of society and suggests how social problems
are affected at the institutional level called macro sociology.
_______13. Life chances include the mode of housing, residential area, education,
means of recreation, relation between parent and children, modes of
conveyance.
_______14. Social Mobility is the movement of persons from one position to another
in the stratification system.
_______15. Karl Marx suggested that all societies go through stages of economic
development.

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Lesson
9
What’s In
After assessing what you know about our module, let us review what you
have learned from the previous module.
COMPLETE THE TABLE. Fill out the first column by writing the word(s) below that
it is being described in second column. Use the separate answer sheet in
answering.
Formal Education Individual Informal Education
Education Social
It is an institutional activity because the process

1. is done in school, college, and universities.
The process of facilitating learning, or the

2. acquisition of knowledge, skills, values, beliefs,
and habits.
A lifelong process where learning comes naturally
3. from the daily experience as a result of exposure
in dealing with people.
Development of intelligence through education
4. will enable the child to lead an independent life
with confidence.
5. Promote positive physical development.

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What’s New
SOCIAL PYRAMID. Analyze the image and answer the following questions. Use
separate sheet in answering.
1. What is the message of the picture?

__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
2. If you were to recreate the social pyramid presented in the picture based on the
society you are in; how will you recreate it?
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
3. In what class do you belong to?

__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________

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What’s is It
Is defined as the arrangement of any social group or society into hierarchy

positions that are unequal with regard to power property social evaluation, and/or
psychic gratification. Social stratification is particular form of social inequality. All
societies arrange their members in terms of superiority, inferiority and equality.
Stratification is a process of interaction or differentiation whereby some people
come to rank higher than others.
Social stratification is structed and hierarchical ranking of individuals based
on their family, occupation, income, wealth and (social political) power. For
sociologist, it is the pattered inequality in society that is due to the unequal access
to wealth, privileges, and power.
The members are divided into social classes or sets of people sharing similar
socioeconomic status. Generally, there are three classes in every society:
← refers to the elite families,

who are the most productive
and successful
Upper Class
← their incomes
provide a comfortable
Middle Class life style
← having the
Lower Class lowest status
in the society
And each class can be subdivided into strata, example the upper stratum,
the middle stratum, and the lower stratum. Moreover, a social stratum can be
formed upon the bases of kinship or caste, or both. Determining the structures of
social stratification arises from inequalities of status among persons; therefore, the
degree of social inequality determines a person social stratum. Generally, the
greater the social complexity of a society, the more social strata exists, by way of
social differentiation.

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Components of Social Stratification
1. Social Class refers to the level or category where persons have more or less the
same socio-economic privileges in society.
2. Social Status refers to the position of an individual or group within a social
structure
3. Social Role refers to the behavior expected of a person who occupies a particular
status.
Bases of Social Stratification
1. Power or Authority is the ability to secure one‘s ends in life, even against
opposition. The degree to which one directs, manages, or dominates others.
2. Property or Wealth refers to the rights over goods and services. How much of the
resources of society are owned by certain individuals and how much do they
gain or earn every time.
3. Prestige or Social Evaluation implies social judgment that a status or position is

more prestigious and honorable than others. The degree of honor one‘s position
evokes. It also includes the fame one attains upon reaching a certain degree of
prestige.
The Three Main Sociological Perspectives
Theories in sociology provide us with different perspectives with which to

view our social world. A perspective is simply a way of looking at the world. A
theory is a set of interrelated propositions or principles designed to answer a
question or explain a particular phenomenon; it provides us with a perspective.
Sociological theories help us to explain and predict the social world in which we
live.
Sociology includes three major theoretical perspectives: the functionalist

perspective, the conflict perspective, and the symbolic interactionist perspective
(sometimes called the interactionist perspective or simply the micro view). Each
perspective offers a variety of explanations about the social world and human
behavior.
1. The Functionalist Perspective
Is based largely on the works of Herbert Spencer, Emile Durkheim, Talcott

Parsons, and Robert Merton. According to functionalism, society is a system of
interconnected parts that work together in harmony to maintain a state of balance
and social equilibrium for the whole.
For example, each of the social institutions contributes important functions

for society: Family provides a context for reproducing, nurturing, and socializing

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children; education offers a way to transmit a society‘s skills, knowledge, and

culture to its youth; politics provides a means of governing members of society;
economics provides for the production, distribution, and consumption of goods and
services; and religion provides moral guidance and an outlet for worship of a higher
power. The functionalist perspective emphasizes the interconnectedness of society
by focusing on how each part influences and is influenced by other parts.
For example, the increase in single parent and dual-earner families has
contributed to the number of children who are failing in school because parents
have become less available to supervise their children‘s homework. As a result of
changes in technology, colleges are offering more technical programs, and many
adults are returning to school to learn new skills that are required in the
workplace. The increasing number of women in the workforce has contributed to
the formulation of policies against sexual harassment and job discrimination.
Functionalists use the terms functional and dysfunctional to describe the

effects of social elements on society. Elements of society are functional if they
contribute to social stability and dysfunctional if they disrupt social stability. Some
aspects of society can be both functional and dysfunctional. For example, crime is
dysfunctional in that it is associated with physical violence, loss of property, and
fear. But according to Durkheim and other functionalists, crime is also functional
for society because it leads to heightened awareness of shared moral bonds and
increased social cohesion. Sociologists have identified two types of functions:
1. Manifest Functions are consequences that are intended and commonly

recognized.
2. Latent Functions are consequences that are unintended and often hidden.
For example, the manifest function of education is to transmit knowledge and

skills to society‘s youth. But public elementary schools also serve as babysitters
for employed parents, and colleges offer a place for young adults to meet potential
mates. The baby-sitting and mate-selection functions are not the intended or
commonly recognized functions of education; hence they are latent functions.
2. Conflict Perspective
The functionalist perspective views society as composed of different parts

working together. In contrast, the conflict perspective views society as composed of
different groups and interest competing for power and resources. The conflict
perspective explains various aspects of our social world by looking at which groups
have power and benefit from a particular social arrangement. For example,
feminist theory argues that we live in a patriarchal society—a hierarchical system
of organization controlled by men. Although there are many varieties of feminist
theory, most would hold that feminism ―demands that existing economic, political,
and social structures be changed‖ (Weir and Faulkner 2004, p.xii).

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The origins of the conflict perspective can be traced to the classic works of
Karl Marx. Marx suggested that all societies go through stages of economic
development. As societies evolve from agricultural to industrial, concern over
meeting survival needs is replaced by concern over making a profit, the hallmark of
a capitalist system. Industrialization leads to the development of two classes of
people: the bourgeoisie, or the owners of the means of production (e.g., factories,
farms, businesses); and the proletariat, or the workers who earn wages.
The division of society into two broad classes of people—the ―haves‖ and the
―havenots‖—is beneficial to the owners of the means of production. The workers,
who may earn only subsistence wages, are denied access to the many resources
available to the wealthy owners. According to Marx, the bourgeoisie use their
power to control the institutions of society to their advantage.
For example, Marx suggested that religion serves as an ―opiate of the

masses‖ in that it soothes the distress and suffering associated with the working-
class lifestyle and focuses the workers‘ attention on spirituality, God, and the
afterlife rather than on such worldly concerns as living conditions. In essence,
religion diverts the workers so that they concentrate on being rewarded in heaven
for living a moral life rather than on questioning their exploitation.
3. Symbolic Interactionist Perspective
Both the functionalist and the conflict perspectives are concerned with how
broad aspects of society, such as institutions and large social groups, influence the
social world. This level of sociological analysis is called macro sociology: It looks
at the big picture of society and suggests how social problems are affected at the
institutional level.
Micro sociology, another level of sociological analysis, is concerned with the

social psychological dynamics of individuals interacting in small groups. Symbolic
interactionism reflects the micro-sociological perspective, and was largely
influenced by the work of early sociologists and philosophers, such as George
Simmel, Charles Cooley, George Herbert Mead, and Erving Goffman. Symbolic
interactionism emphasizes that human behavior is influenced by definitions and
meanings that are created and maintained through symbolic interaction with
others.
Sociologist W.I. Thomas (1966) emphasized the importance of definitions and

meanings in social behavior and its consequences. He suggested that humans
respond to their definition of a situation rather than to the objective situation itself.
Hence Thomas noted that situations that we define as real become real in their
consequences. Symbolic interactionism also suggests that our identity or sense of
self is shaped by social interaction. We develop our self-concept by observing how
others interact with us a label us. By observing how others view us, we see a
reflection ourselves that Cooley calls the ―looking glass self.‖

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Characteristics of Social
Stratification Description
by Melvin M. Tumin
Stratification is social in the sense that it does not
1. It is social represent inequalities which are biologically
based. It is true that factors such as strength,
intelligence, age, sex can often serve as the basis
on which status are distinguished. But such
differences by themselves are not sufficient to
explain why some statuses receive more power,
property and prestige than others.
The stratification system is very old. Stratification
2. It is ancient was present even in the small wandering bands.
Age and sex wear the main criteria of
stratification. Difference between the rich and
poor, powerful and humble, freemen and slaves
was there in almost all the ancient civilization.
Social stratification is universal. Difference
3. It is universal between rich and poor, the ‗haves‘ or ‗have notes‘
is evident everywhere. Even in the non-literate
societies‘ stratification is very much present.
Social stratification has never been uniformed in
4. It is in diverse forms all societies. The ancient Roman society was
stratified into two strata: The Patricians and the
Plebians. The Aryan society was divided into four
Varnas: the Brahmins, Kshatriyas, Vaishyas and
the Sudras, the ancient Greek society in to
freemen and slaves, the ancient Chinese society
into mandarins, merchants, Farmer and soldiers.
Class and estate seem to be the general forms of
stratification found in the modern world.
The stratification system has its own
5. It is consequential consequences. The most important, most desired
and often the scarcest things in human life are
distributed unequally because of stratification.
The system leads to two kind of consequences: (i)
Life chances and (ii) Life style. Life chances refer
to such things as infant mortality, longevity,
physical and mental illness, marital conflict,
separation and divorce. Life styles include the
mode of housing, residential area, education,
means of recreation, relation between parent and
children, modes of conveyance and so on.

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SOCIAL MOBILITY IN SOCIAL STRATIFICATION
Social Mobility is the movement of persons from one position to another in

the stratification system. This pertains to the idea that people have an equal
opportunity to end up at the top of stratification system; that anyone can reach the
apex or peak of the hierarchy.
Take the case of many of Many Pacquiao and the Congress as an example.
Pacquiao came from a meager family in General Santos City. But, because of his
prestige as a boxing superstar and a religious humanitarian, he was elected as
member of the Congress, which is usually composed of politician from well-to-do
and politically popular families.
Another example is that of Iah Seraspi, second topnotcher of the September

2015 Licensure Exam for Teacher (LET), who came from a poor family in Romblon
but still managed to top exam - a poor that money does not equate quality.
In these cases, it is evident that the Philippines society is open for movement
and it allows the social mobility of people, depending on their skills and abilities.
Social mobility is a good mechanism in a highly stratified society. It gives a

chance to the people from the lower classes to climb the ladder. However, moving
through classes might still be difficult despite strong motivation and effort, for
different aspects the kind of social mobility.
SYSTEM OF SOCIAL MOBILITY

Open (Class) System
 Allows a person‘s freer mobility. He or she can move through classes based
upon his/her skills, abilities, and/or achievements. The Philippine society
is committed to promote equal access to quality education so that
everyone will be able to acquire the needed skills and knowledge to
improve his or her lot. Most societies in the world, on the other hand,
implement policies that reduce barriers for social mobility.
Closed (Caste) System
 In this system a person has little or no possibility of moving up social

ladder. One of the examples of this system is India‘s caste system, wherein
the people from the lowest stratum are dreadfully treated and are
considered untouchables. Their image on the rest of the social strata has
become so severely negative that these untouchables have ladder. People
in this system are socially determined based on ascribed status such as
family background, ethnicity or race.
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Forms of Social Stratification:

Caste is a hereditary endogamous social group in which a person‘s rank and
its accompanying rights and obligations are ascribed on the basis of his birth into a
particular group.
Class stratification on the basis of class is dominant in modern society. In

this, a person‘s position depends to a very great extent upon achievement and his
ability to use to advantage the inborn characteristics and wealth that he may
possess.
Estate system of medieval Europe provides another system of stratification
which gave much emphasis to birth as well as to wealth and possessions. Each
estate had a state.
Slavery had economic basis. In slavery, every slave had his master to whom
he was subjected. The master‘s power over the slave was unlimited.
Types of Social Mobility
1. Horizontal Social Mobility
This is the change of position of a person to another position of the same

rank. For example, when a chemistry teacher decides to shift to another job that
requires his/her skills in chemistry, he/she is practicing horizontal social mobility
because he/she will experience a similar level of difficulty and status in the new
position.
2. Vertical Social Mobility
The more interesting mechanism for sociologist is vertical social mobility,

which happens when a person moves from one social class to another. A successful
engineer who once was a poor working student in a state university is an example
of a person who experiences vertical social mobility.
This type of mobility may be upward or downward. It may also be further

analyzed in relation to time.
a. Intergenerational mobility is the movement of social position that started
with the parents and was felt by even children.
b. Intergenerational mobility is the movement in the social position that
happens within a person‘s adult life.
Social Mobility may be hindered by the following factors:
 educational attainment
 childhood poverty with associated psychological and behavioral
development
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 the family and all the financial, social, and cultural aspects that are
formed within it
 attitudes, expectations and aspirations
 economic barriers
What’s More
Independent Activity 1
Information Slip. Define social stratification using the slip below. Use the
separate sheet in answering.
1. __________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
Social 2. __________________________________________________________
Stratification _____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
3. __________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
Independent Assessment 1
CATEGORIZATION. Identify the type of social mobility that is being described in
each statement. Write HSM if it is Horizontal Social Mobility and VSM if it is
Vertical Social Mobility. Use the separate sheet in answering.
VSM 1. an industrial worker becomes a businessman

________2. a rural laborer cones to the city and becomes a factory worker
________3. a farmer‘s son becoming an officer
________4. a member of an upper class may be dispossessed of his wealth and his
wealth and he is forced to enter a manual occupation
________5. individuals get into seats of political position
________6. a teacher in college teaching in senior high school
________7. a school principal becoming a college dean
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________8. the child of a factor worker might become a factory supervisor

________9. teacher finishing her master‘s degree
_______10. a manager who accepts a similar position at another company.
MATCHING TYPE. Match Column A to Column B. Write the letter of the correct
answer in the blank. Use the separate sheet in answering.
COLUMN A COLUMN B
_____1. Conflict Perspective A. It emphasizes the interconnectedness of

society by focusing on how each part
influences and is influenced by other parts.
_____2. Factionalist Perspective B. The consequences that are intended

and commonly recognized called
_____3. Macro sociology C. It emphasizes that human behavior is
influenced by definitions and meanings
that are created and maintained.
_____4. Manifest Function D. It looks at the big picture of society and
suggests how social problems are affected
at the institutional level of sociological
analysis
_____5. Symbolic Interaction E. It gives a chance to the people from the

Perspective lower classes to climb the ladder.
F. It explains the various aspects of our

social world by looking at which groups
have power and benefit from a particular
social arrangement.
G. It is the movement of social position that

started with the parents and was felt by
even children.
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CROSSWORD. Complete the puzzle by reading the clues and by choosing the
answer from the pool of words. Use the separate sheet in answering.
World Pool
Class Wealth Upper Status Prestige

Open Intragenerational Horizontal Middle Power
4 5
10
Across
2. is the ability to secure one‘s ends in life, even against opposition.
4. refers to the position of an individual or group within a social structure
7. mobility that the movement in the social position happens within a
person‘s adult life.
9. refers to the rights over goods and services
10.is dominant in modern society.
Down
1. implies social judgement that a status or position is more prestigious and
honorable than others.
3. this is the change of position of a person to another position of the same
rank
5. class of society that refers to the elite families, who are the most
productive and successful
6. class of society that their incomes provide a comfortable life style
8. a system allows a person‘s freer mobility
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JIGSAW PUZZLE: Compare the concept of three classes in society and give
example. Use the separate sheet in answering.
UPPER
CLASS
MIDDLE
CLASS
LOWER
CLASS
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ALTERNATING HEXAGON. Enumerate four different characteristics of social
stratification and explain briefly. Use the separate sheet in answering.
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What I Have Learned
Today, I learned that….
Answering this
module is enjoyable
because…
_______________________
_______________________ After reading and
_______________________ completing this
_______________________ module I have
_______________________
learned that…
_______________________
_______________________
_______________________
_______________________
_______________________
_______________________
____________________
_______________________
_______________________
_______________________
_______________________
_______________________
____________________
My learning‘ s form
this module inspires
me to…
_______________________
_______________________
_______________________
_______________________
_______________________
_______________________
_______________________
_______________________
_______________________
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What I Can Do
ILLUSTRATIONS. Draw or cut pictures that depict Social stratification in the

Philippines. Write a short explanation. Use the separate sheet in answering.
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_____
Your illustrations will be checked using the criteria below:
Creativity - 20 points
Uniqueness - 20 points
Relatedness to the topic - 10 points
Total - 50 points
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Assessment
IDENTIFICATION. Choose the word of the best answer. Use the separate sheet in
answering.
Stratification Authority Closed System Social Role

Upper Class Latent functions Social Status Caste
W.I. Thomas Symbolic Interactionist Macro Sociology
Karl Marx Life Style Social Mobility Micro Sociology
___________1. The behavior expected of a person who occupies a particular

status.
___________2. The position of an individual or group within a social structure.
___________3. The ability to secure one‘s ends in life, even against opposition.
___________4. It emphasizes that human behavior is influenced by definitions
and meanings that are created and maintained.
___________5. It is a hereditary endogamous social group in which a person‘s
rank and its accompanying rights and obligations are ascribed
on the basis of his birth into a particular group.
___________6. The consequences that is unintended and often hidden.
___________7. Level of sociological analysis that is concerned with the social
psychological dynamics of individuals interacting in small
groups.
___________8. In this system a person has little or no possibility of moving up
social ladder called
___________9. It refers to the elite families, who are the most productive and
successful.
__________10. It is a process of interaction or differentiation whereby some
people come to rank higher than others.
__________11. He suggested that all societies go through stages of economic
development.
__________12. It includes the mode of housing, residential area, education,
means of recreation, relation between parent and children,
modes of conveyance.
__________13. It looks at the big picture of society and suggests how social
problems are affected at the institutional level called
__________14. He emphasized the importance of definitions and meanings in
social behavior and its consequences.
__________15. The movement of persons from one position to another in the
stratification system.
19

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Additional Activities
BASIC BLOCK LIST. List popular situations where people exhibit social mobility.
Give two for horizontal social mobility and another two for vertical social mobility.
Use the separate sheet in answering.
VERTICAL SOCIAL
MOBILITY
1.
2.
VERTICAL SOCIAL MOBILITY
1.
2.
20

21
What I know What‘s In What‘s New
1. 1. Formal Education 1. TRUE Answers may vary
2. 2. Education 2. FALSE
3. 3. Informal Education 3. TRUE
4. 4. Social 4. TRUE
5. 5.Individual 5. FALSE
6. FALSE
7. TRUE
8. TRUE
9. TRUE
10. FALSE
11. TRUE
12. TRUE
13. FALSE
14. TRUE
15. TRUE
Independent Activity 1 Independent Assessment 1
Answers may vary 1. VSM
2. VSM
3. VSM
4. VSM
5. VSM
6. HSM
7. HSM
8. VSM
9. HSM
10. HSM
1. F 1. Prestige 6. Middle
2. A 2. Power 7. Intragenerational
3. D 3. Horizontal 8. Open
4. B 4. Status 9. Wealth
5. C 5. Upper 10 Class
Answers may vary Answers may vary
What I Can do Additional Activity
Answers may vary Answers may vary
Assessment
1. Social Role 6. Latent functions 11. Karl Marx
2. Social Status 7. Macro sociology 12. Life style
3. Authority 8. Closed system 13. Macro Sociology
4. Symbolic Interactionist 9. Upper class 14. W.I Thomas
5. Caste 10. Stratification 15. Social mobility
Answer Key
lOMoARcPSD|29420156
lOMoARcPSD|29420156
References
Abulencia, A. S. et. al. Social Dynamics A Worktext on Understanding Culture,

Society, and Politics. Novaliches, Quezon City. Brilliant Creations Publishing,
Inc. 2016.
Baleña, E. D., Lucero, D. M., Peralta, A. M. Understanding Culture, Society

and Politics. Cubao, Quezon City. Educational Resources Corporation.2016.
Our Lady of Fatima University. Understanding Culture, Society and Politics

Workbook for Senior High School. 2016.
Modal, P. Social Stratification: Meaning, Types, and Characteristics | Sociology

Retrieved from https://www.yourarticlelibrary.com/sociology/social-
stratification-meaning-types-and-characteristics-sociology-2446-words/6199
July 2020
Mooney, Knox, and Schacht, Understanding Social Problems, 5th edition. 2007.
Samiksha, S. Social Stratification: Meaning, Nature, Characteristics and Theories of

Social Stratification.
Retrieved from https://www.yourarticlelibrary.com/sociology/social-
stratification-meaning-nature-characteristics-and-theories-of-social
stratification/8531#:~:text=It%20refers%20to%20the%20division,higher%20
and%20lower%20social%20units. July 2020
22

lOMoARcPSD|29420156
For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:
Department of Education Region III – Learning Resources

Management Section (DepEd Region III LRMS)
Office Address: Diosdado Macapagal Government Center,
Maimpis City of San Fernando (P)
Telephone Number: (045) 598-8580 to 89
E-mail Address: region3@deped.gov.ph

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AP12 Q2 UCSP Mod9 Social Stratification

Survey of Philippine Literature in English (Pampanga State Agricultural University)

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Understanding Culture, Society and Politics – Grade 12

Published by the Department of Education

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Welcome to the Understanding Culture, Society and Politics for Grade 12

This module was collaboratively designed, developed and reviewed by

For the learners:

Welcome to the Understanding Culture, Society and Politics for Grade 12

Notes to the Teacher

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This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

This will give you an idea of the skills or

In this portion, the new lesson will be

At the end of this module you will also find:

This is a list of all the sources used in

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The following are some reminders in using this module:

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What I Need to Know

This module is about Social Stratification.

After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. explain the concept of social stratification systems;

________1. Social stratification is strutted and hierarchical ranking of individuals

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Formal Education Individual Informal Education

It is an institutional activity because the process

The process of facilitating learning, or the

5. Promote positive physical development.

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1. What is the message of the picture?

3. In what class do you belong to?

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Is defined as the arrangement of any social group or society into hierarchy

← refers to the elite families,

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Components of Social Stratification

Bases of Social Stratification

3. Prestige or Social Evaluation implies social judgment that a status or position is

The Three Main Sociological Perspectives

Theories in sociology provide us with different perspectives with which to

Sociology includes three major theoretical perspectives: the functionalist

1. The Functionalist Perspective

Is based largely on the works of Herbert Spencer, Emile Durkheim, Talcott

For example, each of the social institutions contributes important functions

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children; education offers a way to transmit a society‘s skills, knowledge, and

Functionalists use the terms functional and dysfunctional to describe the

1. Manifest Functions are consequences that are intended and commonly

For example, the manifest function of education is to transmit knowledge and

The functionalist perspective views society as composed of different parts

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For example, Marx suggested that religion serves as an ―opiate of the

3. Symbolic Interactionist Perspective

Micro sociology, another level of sociological analysis, is concerned with the

Sociologist W.I. Thomas (1966) emphasized the importance of definitions and

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