EIA Report Steel Profile Manufacturing Plant

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY REPORT ON

STEEL PROFILE MANUFACTURING PLANT

PROJECT LOCATION: ADDIS ABABA, KIRKOS SUBCITY

OWNER: METAL TECH ENGINEERING
SUBMITTED TO: ADIS ABABA CITY ADMINSTRATION
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AUTHORITY
 MAY, 2023
ADDIS ABABA, ETHIOPIA

TABLE OF CONTENTS

TABLE OF CONTENT........................................................................................................i
ACRONIMS.......................................................................................................................iv
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY.................................................................................................1
1. INTRODUCTION.......................................................................................................5
1.2. Approach to the Study...........................................................................................6
1.2.1. Objective of the Study............................................................................6
1.2.2. Methodologies Employed.......................................................................6
1.2.3. Limitations..............................................................................................7
1.3. Report Structure....................................................................................................8
2. ENVIRONMENTAL SCOPING.................................................................................9
2.1. Limits of the Study Area.......................................................................................9
2.2. Valued Environmental Components impacted within the Study Area.................9
3. POLICY AND LEGAL ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORK...............................11
3.1. The Constitution of the FDRE and Proclamations..............................................11
3.1.1. Governmental Framework....................................................................11
3.1.2. Sustainable Development and Environmental Rights..........................11
3.1.3. Ethiopian Investment Proclamation No.769/2012...............................12
3.1.4. Environmental Pollution Control Proclamation...................................15
3.2. Conservation Strategy of Ethiopia (CSE)...........................................................16
3.3. Administration and Institutional Framework......................................................16
3.3.1. Federal..................................................................................................16
3.3.2. Regional................................................................................................19
3.3.3. Environmental Pollution Control Proclamation...................................21
3.3.4. Environmental Impact Assessment Proclamation................................22
3.3.5. Environmental Impact assessment Guideline.......................................23
3.3.6. Guidelines on Strategic Environmental Assessment............................24
 3.3.7. Public Health Proclamation..................................................................24
3.3.8. Labor Proclamation 377/2003..............................................................24
3.3.9. The FDRE Water Resource Management Proclamationo.197/2000....25
3.3.10. FDRE Solid Waste Management Proclamation No 513/2007.............25
3.3.11. Sectoral Environmental Policies..........................................................26
3.4. Ethiopia's Growth and Transformation Plan 2 (GTP II).....................................26
3.4.1. Environment and Climate Change.......................................................26
3.4.2. Implementation Strategy......................................................................27
3.5. International Conventions and Protocols............................................................28
3.5.1. Convention on Biological Diversity.....................................................28
3.5.2. Framework Convention on Climate Change........................................28
3.5.3. The Vienna Convention on the Protection of the Ozone Layer...........29
3.5.4. The United Nations Conventions to Combat Desertification...............29
3.5.5. The Basel convention...........................................................................29
3.5.6. The Stockholm Convention..................................................................29
3.5.7. Convention on international trade in endangered species of Fauna and
Flora 30
4. PROJECT DESCRIPTION.......................................................................................31
4.1. Background of the Project...................................................................................31
4.1.1. Project Goal..........................................................................................31
4.1.2. Location................................................................................................31
4.1.3. Project Objectives.................................................................................31
4.1.4. Product description...............................................................................31
4.2. Technical Study of the Project............................................................................31
4.2.1. Raw Materials and Inputs.....................................................................31
4.2.2. Production Process...............................................................................32
4.2.3. Land and Factory Premises..................................................................32
4.2.4. Equipment and Machinery...................................................................32
4.2.5. Utilities.................................................................................................32
4.3. Man Power..........................................................................................................33
4.4. Total Initial Investment Cost...............................................................................33
5. BASELINE ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITION OF THE PROJECT AREA........33
 5.1. Study Area...........................................................................................................34
5.2. Specific description of the Project Site...............................................................34
5.3. Physical Environment.........................................................................................34
5.3.1. Topography and Landscape..................................................................34
s above sea level...................................................................................................34
Climate..................................................................................................................34
5.3.2. Rainfall.................................................................................................35
5.3.3. Temperature..........................................................................................35
5.3.4. Soil Type..............................................................................................35
5.3.5. Land Use and Land Cover....................................................................35
5.4. Biological Environment......................................................................................36
5.4.1. Vegetation............................................................................................36
5.4.2. Wildlife.................................................................................................36
5.5. Historical, Cultural, Religious and Archeological Resources.............................36
5.6. Public Consultation.............................................................................................36
6. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS ASSESSMENT AND PROPOSED MITIGATING
MEASURES......................................................................................................................37
6.1. Environmental Impacts Identification, Analysis and Proposed Mitigation
Measures.......................................................................................................................37
6.2. Criteria for Impact Assessment.............................................................................37
6.3. Beneficial Impact of the Project............................................................................38
6.3.1. Employment.........................................................................................39
6.3.2. Social Benefits......................................................................................40
6.3.3. Gender Equity and Employment Opportunities...................................40
6.3.4. Source of Government Revenue...........................................................41
6.3.5. Supply of Quality Steel profile Manufacturing Products....................41
6.3.6. Save and Generate the Country Foreign Exchange..............................41
6.3.7. Technology Transfer............................................................................41
6.3.8. Stimulate the Local Economy..............................................................41
6.4. Potential Adverse Impacts and Proposed Mitigation Measures..........................42
6.4.1. Pre-construction Phase Impacts............................................................42
6.4.2. Construction Phase Negative Impacts and Mitigations........................42
 6.4.3. Operational Phase Adverse Impacts Identification..............................46
7. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN.......................................................49
7.1. Construction Phase................................................................................................49
7.2. Operation phase.....................................................................................................51
8. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM.................................................53
8.1. Environment Management Unit/Cell.....................................................................54
8.2. Environmental Liaison Officer (ELO)...................................................................55
8.3. Site Safety and Environmental Manager (SSEM)..............................................55
9. PUBLIC/STAKEHOLDERS CONSULTATION.....................................................58
10. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION.....................................................59
10.1 Conclusion............................................................................................................59
10.2. Recommendation.................................................................................................59
11. REFERENCE.........................................................................................................60
 EIA Report Steel Profile Manufacturing Plant

ACRONYMS

BOFED Bureau of Finance, Economic and Development

CSE Conservation Strategy of Ethiopia
EA Environmental Assessment
EIA Environmental Impact Assessment
EISR Environmental Impact Study Report
EMB Environmental Management Branch
EMP Environmental Management Plan
EPA Environmental Protection Authority
EPC Environmental Protection Council
EPE Environmental Policy of Ethiopia
ETB Ethiopian Birr, the National Currency
FDRE Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia
 EIA Report EIA Steel Profile Manufacturing Plant

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
I. INTRODUCTION

The proposed Steel profile manufacturing project will produce Steel profile. The project
is proposed by Metal-Tech Engineering PLC. The materials that can be used for multiple
Applications and established under Ethiopian law to trade and produce different Steel
profile Manufacturing materials for local and foreign markets. The proposed project is to
be located in Addis Ababa Region KIRKOS SUBCITY with a total land size of 1
hectare. The total capital of the project is estimated to be ETH Birr 25 Million. The
project will create job opportunity for 127 skilled and unskilled people at full capacity
operation. Out of the total employment more than half portion given to be women and
youth, which is equivalent to 75 people. Hence, women and youth are the direct
beneficiaries of this project.

This environmental impact assessment (EIA) study was conducted according to legal
requirements of the EIA proclamation of the government of the Federal Democratic
Republic of Ethiopia, proclamation No.299/2002. The fundamental objective of the
environmental assessment is to ensure that the proposed Steel profile Manufacturing
factory project is environmentally friendly and adverse environmental impacts posed by
the project is reduced through proper environmental management and monitoring plans.
It is also expected to provide a means whereby the overall environmental performance of
this project can be enhanced. The methodology used follows the conventional pattern for
industrial development project EIA study and meets the requirements of EPA’s
Environmental Impact Assessment guideline. Data collected both from primary and
secondary sources; identification and analysis of significant environmental issues on the
basis of those data; choosing mitigation and enhancement measures; and developing
environmental protection, monitoring and management plans are the methodological
approaches followed in conducting the EIA study.
I. Environmental Scoping

An initial environmental examination and environmental scoping exercise has been

carried out with the following main objectives:

 To define the limits of the study area;

 To define list of Valued Ecosystem Components within the study area;

 To define list of activities, type and magnitude of the proposed project;

 To define list of Impacts to be studied;

II. Project Description

The proponent proposed this project having an overall goal of taking advantage of
opportunities existing in the demand for Steel profile Manufacturing Products and come
out as a successful manufacturer of quality Steel profile Manufacturing products. The
project is formulated to produce quality bags and selling different size of Steel profile
Manufacturing materials to the Ethiopian market.

III. Project Location

The project is located in Addis Ababa, NIFAS SILK LAFTO.

IV. Environmental Policy Framework

Laws, Policies and institutions were considered for the dual purposes of identifying
potential project constraints, and establishing background for realistic, sensitive
recommendations. With this respect policy, legislative and institutional issues that are
most relevant to industrial projects in general and this Steel profile Products factory
projects in particular have been reviewed.
V. Baseline Environmental Conditions of the Project Area

There is very little natural vegetation in the project area. There is no wildlife in the
project area. There is no human settlement in the project area as it is in premises of
industrial zone.

VI. Adverse Environmental impacts and suggested mitigation measures

The adverse impact of the proposed project is seen in three phases, i.e pre construction,
during construction and during operation of the Steel profile Products manufacturing
factory. At each phase the impact on the surrounding environment is assessed and
appropriate mitigation measures is implied.

VII. Environmental Management Plan

Environmental management is concerned with implementation of the measures necessary

to minimize or offset adverse impacts and to enhance beneficial impacts. Unless the
mitigation and benefit enhancement measures identified in the EISR are fully
implemented, the prime function of EISR, which is to provide a basis for shaping the
project so that overall environmental performance is enhanced, cannot be achieved.

In order to be effective, environmental management must be fully integrated with the

overall project management effort at all levels, which itself should be aimed at providing
a high level of quality control, leading to a project which has been properly designed and
constructed and functions efficiently throughout its life.

VIII. Environmental Monitoring Program

Various kinds of environmental monitoring and evaluation will be conducted by

responsible staffs of the company. The Environmental and Safety Officer will be
responsible for most of the monitoring activities and will report to the company top
management in a weekly basis. The company top management and affiliated units of the
Addis Ababa Regional State Environmental Protection Authority, such as technical
divisions of the industrial pollution prevention and control department will make
occasional and random monitoring, respectively. The monitoring will involve both
quantitative and qualitative data, as appropriate to the nature of the information which
will involve during the production stage of the project.

IX. Conclusion and recommendations

Conclusion

The project has diverse socio-economic benefits. Even if the project has a negative
environmental impact, it has not severed as compared with other similar projects since it
has well designed mitigation measures. Most impacts appear in operational phase
especially liquid and solid wastes has a great adverse effect on the environment and
corresponding mitigation measures exist for these adverse impacts of the project.
Recommendation

 The proposed mitigation for negative impact minimizing should be appropriately

managed.

 The monitoring and Evaluation system should be efficient in each stage

 Integrated waste management should be properly implemented.

 Environmental management and monitoring plan implementation should be

participatory with the project stakeholders.
1. INTRODUCTION
The dynamic socio-economic environment in highly developing nation like currently visualized
in Ethiopia supports the development and expansion of manufacturing industries. These
industries harness the economic development and bring multi socio-economic benefits.
As a result from market potentials and government investment incentives, the owner of the
envisaged Steel profile Manufacturing factory, which is a sole proprietorship company
established under Ethiopian law to trade and produce different Steel profile products mainly
bags that can be used for multiple application for local and foreign markets. The total area under
the holding of the plant is 1 Hec, which is obtained on lease based from government. The total
capital of the project is estimated to be ETH Birr 25,000,000.00 Million. The project will create
job opportunity for 127 skilled and unskilled people at full capacity operation.

In relation to any project implementation, growing consciousness of environmental problems

during recent years has led to increased demand to analysis the environmental impacts of a
newly established project specially the potential risks and problems to the health of the society as
well as to the environment. Besides, assessing environmental issues also become a critical
success factor for business.

The purpose of this report is, therefore, to carry out Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) on
this proposed project particularly concerning environmental pollution. As the initial
environmental examination indicates (i.e. at the screening stage): there is a sufficient ground for
the requirement of detailed environmental impact assessment for this project. The fact that the
operational stage of the project characterized by resource consumption with a subsequent
generation of unwanted materials, Environmental impact Assessment is necessary to indicate
what measure should be taken at the different stages of the project, particularly in relation to
pollution control strategies. This report concerns Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) of the
Steel profile Profile Products manufacturing project at NIFAS SILK LAFTO Town. This
study document incorporates the introduction part, approach followed in conducting the study,
assumptions/gaps in knowledge, legal and policy implications, baseline information about the
project and the environment, environmental impacts and proposed mitigating measures,
management plan, conclusion and recommendation.

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1.2. Approach to the Study

1.2.1. Objective of the Study

The prime objective of this environmental impact assessment study is to identify and ensure the
impacts of Steel profile products manufacturing project are adequately and properly considered
and, to design mitigation measures based on EIA principles and guidelines.

As a consequence, this process will serve to bring about administrative transparency and
accountability on the side of developer, community participation and assurance of environmental
security and sustainable development.

1.2.2. Methodologies Employed

The environmental impact of the project is prepared based on three phases or approaches.
Phase-I
The first phase started by acquiring existing project documents (feasibility study report, pre-
operational and operational activities, etc), location and topographic maps, soil & resources data,
hydro- metrological data and hydro-geological data of the project area. This was followed by an
intensive desktop review of available documents and reports. The procedural EIA guidelines
(2003), EIA review guidelines (2003) and Environmental Policy and Law of Ethiopia, EIA
guidelines for the sector industries have been reviewed.

Guidelines for socially and environmentally responsible production of Steel profile

Manufacturing products were thoroughly studied from internet and other relevant sources in
order to design the structure of the report. Checklists to collect data and design of successive
phases of studies were designed based on the information obtained from the desktop review and
others sources.
Phase-II
Any available information and data that describe the most relevant features of the project and its
area where the project is to be implemented were collected using the prepared checklist during
the second phase of this study. These include important features of the project that would have

6
direct impact on the environment i.e. information on Steel profile Profile products
manufacturing industry.

In addition, visual and scientific information was gathered on the biophysical and socio-
economic conditions of the project area from proponent and credible government institutions.

Phase-III
The last phase of the study has been allocated to synthesis and analysis of the collected
information based on the available standards, legal requirement, etc. This enabled to predict the
possible environmental impacts that could result during the construction and throughout the
operation life of the project. Possible mitigation measures were also identified to prevent, reduce
or minimize the predicted environmental impacts. Furthermore, environmental impact
assessment findings and the mitigation measures that are recommended to address the impacts
were also included. In addition monitoring and/or auditing mechanisms are designed to those
impacts that need an ongoing monitoring in the life span of the project and to address the
unforeseen environmental impacts in the study.

1.2.3. Limitations

Even though some progress is made regarding EIA, management and monitoring on Steel profile
products manufacturing industry, there are a lot of things to be done to realize objectives of the
proclamation in developing countries like Ethiopia. Some of the challenges in undertaking the
study are:

 Getting sufficient and reliable primary data,

 Lack of systemic networking among concerned organizations so as to accomplish the
study as per the guideline of EIA,
 Lack of complete knowledge and perfect skill on scientific analysis of environmental
impact.

1.3. Report Structure

Including this Introduction part, the main body of the EIA report is structured under different
chapters. Chapter 2 discuss the environmental scoping process and presents the findings of the

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scoping exercise. Chapter 3 Environmental Policy Framework frameworks that are relevant to
the project under consideration. This is followed by the description of the project, which is
presented under Chapter 4. The description of the existing environment is covered under Chapter
5. This chapter deals with the physical, biological, socio-economic and cultural environment of
the project area and provides a baseline data on the environmental settings of the project site.
Chapter 6 is the chapter that deals with the impact assessment and proposing measures for
mitigating/ enhancing impacts. Under this chapter the potential positive and negative impacts as
well as their enhancement or mitigation measures are presented. Chapter-7 discusses the
proposed Environmental Management Plan and proposed monitoring strategies for the
implementation of the mitigation measures. In the last chapter-8 discus about Environmental
Monitoring Program; Chapter 9 presents issues of public consultation. In the chapter 10; the
major conclusion and recommendations are highlighted under the conclusion and
recommendation section. This is followed by references.

2. ENVIRONMENTAL SCOPING

In the aim of deciding upon the limits of the study area for the project and drawing the list of
activities and impacts to be studied during the assessment, certified environmental impact
assesser carried out an initial environmental examination and scoping.

The scoping exercise has been carried out with the following main objectives:
 To define the limits of the study area,
 To define list of valued environmental components (both bio-physical and socio-
economical) within the study area,
 To define list of activities, type and magnitude of the proposed project activities,
 To define list of Impacts to be studied.

In order to carry out the above assessment, the consulting company has employed different tools
and techniques relevant to the proposed project. Use of environmental scoping checklists and
consultation of different stakeholders (including experts, project affected peoples, local
administrators and people, etc).

8
2.1. Limits of the Study Area

The Environmental Impact Assessment study is conducted for those areas that would be
influenced by the impact of the project implementation. The project site, the land adjacent to the
project site and the neighboring environment are the most impacted areas either directly or
indirectly by the project implementation. The socio-economic can, however, be felt beyond those
limits. Therefore, the study area covers a distance of 1km radius to all the four directions of the
project site.

2.2. Valued Environmental Components impacted within the Study Area

The proposed project site is totally located in the industrial area of NIFAS SILK LAFTO town
Sub City. During the assessment the consultant did not encounter any valued natural vegetation
or wild life resources to be impacted by the project implementation. Also, local communities
affected as well as settlement disturbed by the project was not found. There are different
industrial establishments surrounding the project study area which could be affected.

3. POLICY AND LEGAL ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORK

Metal Tech Steel profile Profile Products Manufacturing Project is influenced by several
institutional policies and programs aimed at development and environmental protection.

3.1. The Constitution of the FDRE and Proclamations

3.1.1. Governmental Framework

The Federal constitution, proclamation 7 of 1992, and subsequent proclamations provide the
governmental framework, and respective legislative, executive, and judicial responsibilities of
institutions serving Ethiopia.

3.1.2. Sustainable Development and Environmental Rights

The constitution of the 1995 FDRE constitution contains a number of articles, which are relevant
to the concept of sustainable development and environmental rights. Profile 43 and 44 which
state the following:

Article 43 :- The Right to Development

9
 1. The Peoples of Ethiopia as a whole, and each Nation, Nationality and People in Ethiopia
in particular have the right to improved living standards and to sustainable development.
2. Nationals have the right to participate in national development and, in particular, to be
consulted with respect to policies and projects affecting their community.
3. All international agreements and relations concluded, established or conducted by the
State shall protect and ensure Ethiopia’s right to sustainable development.
4. The basic aim of development activities shall be to enhance the capacity of citizens for
development and to meet their basis needs.
Article 44:- Environment Rights

1) All persons have the right to live in a clean and healthy environment.
2) All persons who have been displaced or whose livelihoods have been adversely affected
as a result of State program have the right to commensurate monetary or alternative
means of compensation, including relocation with adequate State assistance.

3.1.3. Ethiopian Investment Proclamation No.769/2012

There had been a number of investment proclamation and regulations issued by government as
the country started to move away from ‘centralized economy’ to ‘free market economy’ (since
1992). These policy issues influence the project in different aspects.

Above all; the following document that constitute the building blocks of the current Ethiopian
investment strategy, directly affect investment in the country in general.

o Proclamation No.769/2012: Investment proclamation of the federal Democratic

Republic of Ethiopia; and

According to the Investment Proclamation No.769/2012, the investment objectives of the Federal
Democratic Republic of Ethiopia are designed to improve the living standards of the peoples of
Ethiopia through the realization of sustainable economic and social development, the particulars
of which are the following:
1. To accelerate the country’s economic development;
2. To exploit and develop the immense natural resources of the country;

10
 3. To develop the domestic market through the growth of production, productivity and
services;
4. To increase foreign exchange earnings by encouraging expansion in volume, variety and
quality of the country’s export products and services as well as to save foreign exchange
through production of import substituting products locally;
5. To encourage balanced development and integrated economic activity among the regions
and to strengthen the inter-sectoral linkages of the economy;
6. To enhance the role of the private sector in the acceleration of the country’s economic
development;
7. To enable foreign investment play its role in the country’s economic development;
8. To create ample employment opportunities for Ethiopians and to advance the transfer of
technology required for the development of the country.

Article 23 of the proclamation No.769/2012 discuss about Investment Incentives as follows;

1. Areas of investment specified by regulation to be issued by the Council of Ministers
pursuant to the investment objectives stated under Article 5 of this Proclamation shall be
eligible for investment incentives.
2. The regulation to be issued pursuant to sub-article (1) of this Article shall determine the
type and extent of the entitlement to incentives.

Article 24 of the proclamation No.769/2012 discuss about Ownership of Immovable Property

follows;
1. Notwithstanding the provisions from Article 390 to Article 393 of the Civil Code a
foreign investor or a foreign national treated as domestic investor shall have the right to
own a dwelling house and other immovable property requisite for his investment.
2. The provisions of sub-article (I) of this Article shall also include those who have invested
prior to the issuance of this Proclamation.

Profile 24 of the proclamation No.769/2012 discuss about Investment Guarantees and

Protection follows;
1. No investment may be expropriated or nationalized except for public interest and then,
only in conformity with the requirements of the law.
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 2. Adequate compensation, corresponding to the prevailing market value, shall be paid in
advance in case of expropriation or nationalization of an investment for public interest.
3. For the purpose of this Article the word “nationalization” shall be used interchangeably
with the word “expropriation” and results in the payment of appropriate or adequate
compensation.

Article 33 of the proclamation No.769/2012 discuss about establishment of Industrial

Development Zones as follows;
1. In order for the industrial sector to have a leading role in the economy of the country the
federal government shall establish industrial development zones in regions.
2. Without prejudice to the provision of Article 6 of this Proclamation industrial zone
development shall be undertaken by the federal government or, where necessary, by joint
investment of the government and private sector deemed.

Article 34 of the proclamation No.769/2012 discuss about Administration of Industrial

Development Zones as follows;
1. The organ responsible for administering and supervising industrial development zones
shall be determined by regulation to be issued by the Council of Ministers.
2. The organ to be designated by the Council of Ministers in accordance with sub-article (I)
of this Article shall, in conformity with the procedures provided under this Proclamation
and regulation issued hereunder, and the approved plans and agreements of the country,
submit recommendations to the Council of Ministers for reduction or expansion of
industrial development zone.
3. Where the recommendation specified under sub article (2) of this Article is approved a
leasehold land within or adjacent to industrial development zones may be possessed by
negotiation or decision for the purpose of:
a. Incorporating the land with existing industrial development zone;
b. Getting passage to enter in to industrial development zones; or
c. Maintaining natural resources, heritages and places required by law to be
preserved.

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Article 35 of the proclamation No.769/2012 discuss about Regulations Related to Industrial
Development as follows;
1. An organ to engage in the federal government development activities of industrial
development zone shall be established by regulation of the Council of Ministers.
2. Matters concerning designation, allocation standard, boundary delimitation of industrial
development zones, the rights and duties of investors engaged in, the services expected
from the government and supervision thereon, completion of construction activities and
supervision thereon, incentives other than those under this Proclamation and the
implementation of this Part of the Proclamation, shall be determined by the Council of
Ministers regulation.
3. Unless otherwise it is to be governed by this special Part and regulations based on the
provisions of this special Part of this Proclamation, the provision of this Proclamation and
regulations issued hereunder shall be applicable 10 industrial development zones.

3.1.4. Environmental Pollution Control Proclamation

The Federal constitution, proclamation 300 of 2002 contains a number of articles, which are
relevant to the concept of pollution control. Article 2 states:
1) No person shall pollute or cause any other person to pollute the environment by violating
the relevant environmental standard.
2) The Authority or the relevant Regional environmental agency may take an administrative
or legal measure against a person who, in violation of law, release an', pollutant to the
environment.
3) Any person engaged in any field of activity which is likely which is to cause pollution or
any other environmental hazard shall, when the Authority or the relevant regional
environmental agency so decides, install a sound technology that avoids or reduces, to
the required minimum, the generation of waste and, when feasible, apply methods for
the recycling of waste.
4) Any person who causes any pollution shall hi required to clean up or pay the cost of
cleaning up the polluted environment in such a manner and within such a period as shall
be determined by the Authority by the relevant regional environmental agency

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 5) When any activity poses a risk to human health or to the environment, the Authority or
the relevant regional environmental agency shall take any necessary measure up to the
closure or relocation of any enterprise in order to prevent harm.

3.2. Conservation Strategy of Ethiopia (CSE)

The CSE, approved by the Council of Ministers in 1996, provides a comprehensive and rational
approach to environmental management in a very broad sense, covering national and regional
strategies, sectoral and cross sectoral policies, action plans and programs as well as providing the
basis for development of appropriate institutional and legal frameworks for the implementation
(EPA/Ministry of Economic Development and Co-operation 1996, MEDAC). It also deals with
providing a strategic framework for integrating environmental planning into a new and existing
policies and projects. It mainly recognizes the importance of incorporating environmental factors
into development activities from the beginning so that planners may take into account
environmental protection as an essential component of economic, social and cultural
development.

3.3. Administration and Institutional Framework

3.3.1. Federal

The Federal Environmental Protection Authority (It is now named as the Ministry of
Environment and Forestry based on proclamation 803/2010) is the main agency responsible for
environmental management. It was established in 1995 under Proclamation 9/1995, as an
independent agency reporting to the Council of Ministers. The Ministry of Environment and
Forestry (MEF) is required to provide regional authorities with guidance, technical support, and
capacity building; support the development of various guidelines, including procedures
appropriate to sector projects; undertake awareness creation in other federal agencies; and
provide technical support to those agencies.

MEF has the primary responsibility for ensuring that all investment projects comply with
national EIA regulations and associated requirements. Following the screening, review and
comment of environmental impact assessment it approve project EIAs and issue an
environmental clearance/ permit where applicable. The MEF also undertake environmental
14
audits where required to ensure that projects are complying with their Environmental
Management Plans (EMPs) and their commitments to environmental mitigation and monitoring.
However, the Ministry of Environment and Forestry has delegated its authority to the Ministry of
Industry to ensure the enforcement and implementation of the EIA laws in the industry sector
and to undertake EIA review and approval works. This delegation has been communicated to the
Ministry of Industry through an official letter sent by the former Federal EPA and a
memorandum of understanding is signed between the two Institutions.

In order to undertake a sustainable management of the resources of the country, the

Environmental Protection Authority (EPA), which is directly responsible to the Council of
Ministers, was established by Proclamation of the Parliament in September 1995.

The power and duties given to the EPA under the above Proclamation are:
 Prepare environmental protection policy and laws and upon approval, follow up their
implementation;
 Prepare directives and systems necessary for evaluating the impact of social and
economic development projects on the environment; monitor and supervise their
implementation; and
 Prepare standards that help in the protection of soil, water and air as well as the biological
systems they support, and follow up their implementation.

Thus, all project proponents and executing bodies (agencies) in the country are to operate in
close co-operation with the EPA to ensure that proper mitigating measures are designed and
implemented, particularly for projects with an adverse effect on the environment. The
requirement is that an Environmental Impact Statement be prepared by project proponents and be
examined, commented on and approved by the EPA.

The EPA is the Competent Agency at the Federal level in Ethiopia. It is, therefore, the
responsibility of the Authority in the EIA process to:

 Ensure that the proponent complies with the requirements of the EIA process;

15
  Maintain co-operation and consultation between the different sectoral agencies
throughout the EIA process;
 Maintain a close relationship with the proponent and to provide support.
 Evaluate and take decisions on the documents arising out of the EIA process.

At the regional level, the Federal EPA has devolved responsibility to the Regional equivalent to
the EPA. The regional authorities should ideally establish an EPA- type institution to deal with
environmental issues at the regional level. This is, however, a long-term objective. In the interim
period the Regional Environmental Co-ordination Committee (RECC), which comprises
responsible officers from different sectoral Bureaus must take the responsibility at the Regional
level.

The RECCs are not sectoral-based. They can be viewed as being independent of the outcome of
a specific EIA. Due to expertise and capacity limitations, the RECC may choose to designate a
specific sectoral Bureau to take responsibility for an EIA process.

It is the responsibility of the regional EPA bodies to inform the Federal EPA of projects that may
be of national significance. Therefore, the Federal Authority should only be involved in EIA
processes where a proposed activity may:
 Have an environmental effect across the international boundaries of Ethiopia;
 Have an environmental effect across regional boundaries within Ethiopia;
 Have an effect on an environment of national or international significance; including but
not limited to natural forests, wetlands, national parks, cultural heritage sites etc.;
 Have a Federal government department, the relevant regional authority or another
statutory body as the proponent; and,
 Have the Federal Investment Authority as the investment approval body.

Alternatively, Federal EPA may have an EIA referred to if agreed to between the Federal
Authority and the Regional Authority. This would typically happen in complicated EIAs where
the Regional authorities feel that it does not have the capacity or competency to deal with the
application.

16
3.3.2. Regional

The Addis Ababa regional state is one of the nine regions under the Federal system of the
Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia. Addis Ababa has a total area of about 527 Km2,
which covers about 30% of the country’s urban population of Ethiopia.
Addis Ababa Environment Protection, Forest and Climate Change Authority is established
through proclamation No. 147/2009 to regulate environmental protection issues in the region.
Article 5.1 of the proclamation mandates the bureau to ‘formulate policies, strategies, programs,
or guidelines pertinent to environmental protection and follow up its implementation up on
approval, while Article 5.12 mandates the bureau to ‘regulate and follow up that any
development activity is planned and implemented without damaging the environment and
disordering its balance.
When it comes to EIA, the national provisions indicate the Federal Environment office devolves
responsibility to the regional environmental offices, especially for projects that fully under the
jurisdiction of the regional governments.
Addis Ababa National Regional State Impact Assessment Proclamation No 176/2012
Environmental impact assessment used to identify, predict and manage the environmental effects
which a proposed development activity or project as a result of its design and location,
construction or its modification or termination entails and thus helps top bring about intended
development:
Whereas, assessment of possible impact on the environment prior to the approval of a public
instrument provides and effective means of harmonizing and integrating environment with
economic, cultural and social consideration into the decision making process in a manner that
promote sustainable development:
Whereas the implementation of the environmental right, obligation and objective enshrined in
the constitution of the regional state would be fostered by the prediction and management of
likely adverse environmental impact , and maximization of their socio- economic benefit.
Addis Ababa National Regional State Environmental Pollution Control Proclamation No
177/2012
Whereas, it found necessary to control and harmonize any social and economic development
activities so as not to impose and impact on sustainable development by polluting the
environmental resources.

17
Whereas, it is found necessary to develop transparent and accountable pollution control and
monitoring system in order to minimize or eliminate the pollution effect on the environment;
Whereas , it found necessary to clearly put the rights and obligations of those involve in
development activities to give emphasis and play their role in environmental protection:
Whereas it found necessary to make laws enacted regarding environmental pollution as a country
compatible to regional context:
Whereas it found necessary to clearly put corrective measures to be to be taken on those
adversely affect the human health and the environment;
Environmental Pollution
1) No person shall pollute or cause any other person to pollute the environment by violating
the relevant environmental standard.
2) The Bureau may take corrective measures against a person who contrary to the provisions
of this proclamation or any other laws issued, releases any pollutants to the environment.
3) Any person engaged in any field of activity which is likely to cause pollution on any
other environmental hazard shall, install a sound technology that avoids or reduces, to the
required minimum, the generation of waste and , when feasible, apply methods for the recycling
of wastes.
Any person who causes any pollution shall require cleaning up the polluted environment within a
limited period of time. When the government or any other body cleans the environment, the
person who causes pollution shall pay the cost of clearing. The detail shall be determined by the
regulation to be issued

Zone
There are twenty two administrative zones in the Addis Ababa National Regional State, of
which Addis Ababa Special Zone is the one, where the project is located is the one. The zone
administration is the highest organ of zonal administrative structure, where the project is located.
Town
The highest administrative structure of the town is the town Council, which is established
consisting of the administrative arm and a cabinet. The project site is lying in NIFAS SILK
LAFTO administration. The district’s land and environmental protection office is the lowest
administrative hierarchy closely responsible to monitor environmental issues at the districts level

18
3.3.3. Environmental Pollution Control Proclamation

The Federal constitution, proclamation no. 300 / 2002 contains a number of articles, which are
relevant to the concept of pollution control. Article 2 states;
1) No person shall pollute or cause any other person to pollute the environment by
violating the relevant environmental standard;
2) The Authority or the relevant Regional environmental agency may take an
administrative or legal measure against a person who, in violation of law, releases any
pollutant to the environment;
3) Any person engaged in any field of activity which is likely which is to cause pollution
or any other environmental hazard shall, when the Authority or the relevant regional
environmental agency so decides, install a sound technology that avoids or reduces, to
the required minimum, the generation of waste and, when feasible, apply methods for
the recycling of waste;
4) Any person who causes any pollution shall be required to clean up or pay the cost of
cleaning up the polluted environment in such a manner and within such a period as shall
be determined by the Authority by the relevant regional environmental agency;
5) When any activity poses a risk to human health or to the environment, the Authority or
the relevant regional environmental agency shall take any necessary measure up to the
closure or relocation of any enterprise in order to prevent harm;

3.3.4. Environmental Impact Assessment Proclamation

The Federal constitution proclamation 299 of 2002 contains a number of Profile regarding
project development and EIA. Currently the law on Environmental Impact Assessment adopted
in Ethiopia. The primary aim of this Proclamation is to make mandatory for specified categories
of activities either by the public sectors and possibly, the extension of EIA to policies, plans and
programs in addition to projects.

The Proclamation elaborates on consideration with respect to assessment of positive and negative
impacts. Categories of projects that will require full EIA (given in Annex to the proclamation),
not full EIA (some negative impacts expects but not too serious) or no EIA (for reasons of,
special, or, overriding interests). Additional directives are to be developed which will determine
the particulars of projects listed in Annex to Proclamation. The proclamation on Environmental

19
Impact Assessment, which complies with the convention of EIA in Trans boundary context was
drafted in 200 and the proclamation passed by the year 2002.

The provision of the proclamation include

 Project will be subjected to EIA and execution is subject to an environmental clearance

form the EPA or Regional government Environmental Agency as applies;

 EPA or the Regional Agency ,depending on the magnitude of expected impacts ,may
waive the requirement of an EIA;

 All other licensing agencies shall ,prior to assessing, ensure that either EPA or the
regional Environmental Agency has authorized implementation of the project ,and;

 A licensing agency shall either suspend or cancel a license that has already been issued,
in the case that EPA or the Regional environmental agency suspends or cancels the
environmental authorization.

Procedures that must be followed in the EIA process are described in the proclamation,

 A proponent shall undertake a timely environmental impact assessment, identify the

likely adverse impacts of his project, and incorporated the means of their prevention, and
shall submit to the authority or relevant regional environmental agency the environmental
impact study report together with the necessary documents;
 A proponent shall ensure that an environmental impact assessment is conducted and an
environmental impact study report prepared by experts that meet the requirements
specified under a directive issued by the authority;

3.3.5. Environmental Impact assessment Guideline

The document provides a background to environmental impact assessment and environmental

management in Ethiopia. The document aims at being a reference to ensure effective
environmental assessment and management practice in Ethiopia for all parties who engage in the
process.

20
The document details the required procedure for conducting EIA in Ethiopia and the requirement
for environmental management . The document has been developed to support the ongoing
development of environmental legislation. These requirements are presented on the step by step
basis. In addition, the document specifies tools that may be considered when engaging in the EIA
process. Reference is made to the legislation and polices that potential investors and develops
must comply in Ethiopia and key issues for environmental assessment in specific development
sector are detailed for consideration.

3.3.6. Guidelines on Strategic Environmental Assessment

The guideline provides the fundamental to integrate the concept of sustainability into the
formulation of plans and programmes. The whole SEA process is intended to act as a support to
planners and decisions-makers, providing them with relevant environmental information on the
positive and negative implication of plans and programmes. The guideline has been intended
primarily for use by the regional and federal component authorities, who are responsibility for
environmental issues and also those authorities within the regions who are responsible for
drawing up development plans and programmes. It is designed to give these authorities a through
review of the environmental and sustainable dimensions of the plans and programmes.

The approach of assessing the environmental on development is an important benefit of SEA .the
guideline proposes an integrative this is one of the differences between SEA and EIA, as EIAs
focus on the effect of development on the environmental. in some countries an EIA-based
approach to SEA is followed, where SEA is used to assess the impacts of a plan or programme
on the environment. However, an integrative approach is proposed in these guidelines .this
approach considers the opportunities and constraints, which the environment places on the plans
or programme.

3.3.7. Public Health Proclamation

The Public Health Proclamation (200/2000) comprehensively addresses aspects of public health
including among others, water quality control, waste handling and disposal, availability of toilet
facilities, and the health permit and registration of different operations. The Proclamation
prohibits the disposal of untreated solid or liquid hazardous wastes into water bodies or the
environment that can affect human health.

21
3.3.8. Labor Proclamation 377/2003

The Labor Proclamation (which was revised in 2003) provides the basic principles which govern
labor conditions taking into account the political, economic and social policies of the
Government, and in conformity with the international conventions and treaties to which Ethiopia
is a party. The proclamation under its Part Seven, Chapter One, Article 92 of this proclamation
deals with Occupational Safety, Health and Working Environment, Prevention Measures and
Obligations of the Employers. Accordingly the Proclamation obliges the employer to take the
necessary measure for adequate safeguarding of the workers in terms of their health and safety.
Moreover, the Occupation Health and Safety Directive (MOLSA, 2003) provides the limits for
occupational exposure to working conditions that have adverse impacts on health and safety.

3.3.9. The FDRE Water Resource Management Proclamationo.197/2000

This proclamation places duty on the owner of the facility using water for the industry or for any
other purpose that may cause pollution:
Table 1 : Regulation on Discharge of Hazardous Wastage
Discharge of Hazardous waste
Obligations Liabilities Regulating Laws

Any person using water for industry or for

any other purposes which may cause
pollution shall have an obligation :
1.to install and use waste treatment method ;
to discharge only the type and volume of treat- Liabilitites are to be determined in accorance to theProc.No. 300/2002
ed waste permitted ; Criminal Code Proc.No. 197/2000
to allow the Supervising Body to take the treat- Arts. 2(10),(11),(12)
But thought this law does not make any reference
ed waste discharge sample at any time to it 17(1)(d),
2. To renew the treated waste discharge permit the liabilities on Proc. No. 300/2002,(see Reg.115/2005, Arts.
every two years , not later than one month 5, 11, 12 , 13
prior to its expiry.

3.3.10. FDRE Solid Waste Management Proclamation No 513/2007

The objective of this proclamation is to enhance, at all levels, capacities to prevent the possible
adverse impacts while creating economically and socially beneficial assets out of solid waste.
Some of the important provisions include:

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Obligations
Any person shall obtain a permit from the concerned body of
an urban administartion priort to his engagement in the
collection, transportation, used or disposal of solid waste
Head of each house hold shall ensure recyclable solid wastes
are segregated from those tant are destined for final disposal
and are taken to the collection sites designated for such waste
It is prohibited to dispose of litter on streat, waterways, bus
stops, trainstations,sport field, water bodies in urban areas or
in other public places while litter bins are available
Liabilities Regulating Laws
without obtaing authorization , aperson who
implement a solid waste managemnt project that
requires special permit before its implementation 513/2007 part2, sec 4.2
as determined in a directive issued by the relevant
environmental agency commits an offence and
shall be liable to the relevant provision of the
Criminal Code 513/2007 part 2, sec 11.1,11.3
513/2007, part 5, sec 17

3.3.11. Sectoral Environmental Policies

Sectoral policies have been prepared by various agencies. The Federal Water Resource Policy
formulated by the former Ministry of Water Resources (nowadays restructured to be the Ministry
of Water and Energy) advocates comprehensive and integrated water resource management. The
overall goal of the policy is to enhance and promote all national efforts towards the efficient and
optimum utilization of the available water resources for socio-economic development on a
sustainable basis.

3.4. Ethiopia's Growth and Transformation Plan (GTP )

Ethiopia's Growth and Transformation Plan (GTP) is a medium term strategic framework for the
five-year period (2015/16-2019/20). Under cross cutting part of the plan, there exists a separate
component for Environment and Climate change as explained below;

3.4.1. Environment and Climate Change

3.4.1.1. Strategic Direction

Environmental conservation has vital contribution for sustainability of development. In this
context, building a carbon neutral and climate resilient economy and enforcement of existing
environmental laws are priority actions in connection to the environmental conservation.
3.4.1.2. Objectives
The objectives of the plan is to formulate policies, strategies, laws and standards, which foster
social and economic development to enhance the welfare of humans and the safety of the
environment sustainably, and to spearhead in ensuring the effectiveness of the process of their
implementation..

23
3.4.2. Implementation Strategy

1. Adaptation to climate change

Climate is a major environmental resource that affects nearly all human activities. Ethiopia's
contribution to the increased concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere is negligible.
But it is highly sensitive to climate change and variability. Ethiopia has large arid and semi-arid
areas as well as development sectors which have already suffered much from the vagaries of
climatic variations and are likely to suffer seriously due to the occurrence of a shift in climate.
Thus, the adverse impact of climate change in general setback the development already gained.
The impact in climate change is inevitable for at least the next few centuries. Therefore, the
formulation and implementation of a climate change adaptation program is a dictate of Ethiopia's
survival.
2. Mitigation of climate change
Ethiopia has one of the lowest per capita rates of consumption of fossil fuel in the world. Its
contribution to climate change is, therefore, negligible. Although compared with the rest of the
world Ethiopia's contribution to atmospheric pollution that causes climate change has been
negligible its impact is going to increase with the growth of industrialization. Therefore, Ethiopia
should do all it can to avoid emissions of atmospheric pollutants and pursue a clean path of
development.

Ethiopia has resources and environmental conservation practices that do not entail climate
change and that could also mitigate emissions of greenhouse gases. Therefore, Ethiopia's
contribution to the mitigation of the climate that is being induced by industrialized countries has
been increasing. Ethiopia can generate much more electricity than it needs from hydropower,
wind and geothermal power and thus not only mitigate its contribution to climate change but also
export clean electricity to neighboring countries to help them in their shares of climate change
mitigation action. Ethanol and biodiesel production can increase many folds without competing
with food crops for agricultural land. On the other hand, the once deforested lands in the last 20
years or so, especially in Northern Ethiopia have been reforested. In general, Ethiopia has socio-
economic development sectors that have a potential to mitigate climate change.

24
3.5. International Conventions and Protocols

In addition to national environmental legislations, the federal democratic republic of Ethiopia is

also a party to a number of regional and international conventions and protocols on environment.
The government has established an Environmental Protection Authority, and this Authority is
designated as focal point for the implementation of these conventions and protocols. According
to; Article 9(4) of the constitution of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia provides that
once an international agreement is ratified through the accepted or established procedure, it
automatically becomes an integral part of the law of the land. Consequentially, the convention
and the Protocol are the laws of this land. Therefore, the following international conventions and
protocols are relevant to the proposed project.

3.5.1. Convention on Biological Diversity

The convention on biological diversity has three goals. These are:

 Conservation of biodiversity;
 Sustainable use of the components of biodiversity; and
 Fair and equitable sharing of the benefits arising from the use of genetic resources.

The convention was ratified by Ethiopia through proclamation No.98/94 on May 31, 1994.

3.5.2. Framework Convention on Climate Change

Ethiopia ratified this convention through proclamation No. 97/1994 on May 2/1994. This
convention takes into account the fact that climate change has trans-boundary impacts. The basic
objective of this convention is to provide for agreed limits on the release of greenhouse gases
into the atmosphere so as to prevent the occurrence of climate change. It also aims to prepare
countries to minimize the impact of climate change, should it occur.

3.5.3. The Vienna Convention on the Protection of the Ozone Layer

The basic objective of the convention is to combat the negative impact on the environment and
human beings resulting from ozone depleting substances by reducing the amounts released and
eventually banning their commercial use through internationally agreed measures. The Montreal
protocol entered into force in 1989 to facilitate the implementation of this convention. Ethiopia
ratified and become party to the Vienna convention and the Montreal protocol in January 1996.

25
The National Meteorological services agency has been mandated for the coordination and
supervision of implementation of this convention.

3.5.4. The United Nations Conventions to Combat Desertification

The objective of the convention is to combat desertification and mitigate the effects of droughts
in countries experiencing serious drought and or desertification, particularly in Africa. Ethiopia
has ratified the convention through its proclamation no. 80/1997.

3.5.5. The Basel convention

The objective of the Basel convention is to control and regulate the Trans boundary movement of
hazardous wastes. The Bamako convention of 1991 plays a similar role at the level of the
African continent. Ethiopia ratified the Basel convention through its proclamation No. 357/2002.
Its amendment was ratified through proclamation No. 356/2002. The country has also ratified the
Bamako convention through proclamation No. 355/2002.

3.5.6. The Stockholm Convention

In the year 2002, Ethiopia fully accepted and ratified the Stockholm convention on persistent
organic pollutants by proclamation No. 279/2002 designed to ban the use of persistent organic
pollutants. The Environmental protection authority has the full mandate to implement the
convention at the national level.

3.5.7. Convention on international trade in endangered species of Fauna and Flora

The objectives of the convention are to control international trade in endangered species and to
ensure that international trade in non-endangered species is carried out in a manner, which
ensures stable markets and economic benefits for the exporting countries as well as to control
and regulate illegal trade in such non-endangered species, fossils and/ or their derivatives.
Ethiopia ratified the convention through proclamation No.l4/1970. The mandate to implement
the convention at federal level is the responsibility of the Ethiopian wildlife protection and
development organization.

26
4. PROJECT DESCRIPTION

IV.1. Background of the Project

IV.1.1. Project Goal

The proponent proposed this project with the overall goal of taking advantage of opportunities
existing in the Steel profile products manufacturing sector and come out as successful producer
of super quality and environmentally friendly products to earn maximum benefits from local and
external markets.

IV.1.2. Location

The proposed project site is located in Addis Ababa regional, NIFAS SILK LAFTO .The
proposed project will be established on 600 m2 of land area on rental basis.

The factory site is surrounded by industrial establishments in all directions, which will require
the proprietor to take all essential environmental and social measures to reduce any adverse
impacts on surrounding installations.

IV.1.3. Project Objectives

The main objective of the factory is to produce quality and cost effective different size of Steel
profile products using the state of the- art- technology for domestic market and international
market in the future.

IV.1.4. Product description

IV.2. Technical Study of the Project

IV.2.1. Raw Materials and Inputs

A. Auxiliary materials
The raw materials required are hot and cold rolled steel strips. Cold rolled black steel
strips are used to produce furniture products with a thickness from 0.6 to 1.5mm. The
material is imported in thickness of 0.6, 0.8, 1.0, 1.2 and 1.5mm, in coils of 1.0, 1.2 or 1.5

27
 m width. Hot rolled carbon steel strips are used to produce RHS sections used for
structural purposes. The thicknesses of these sheets are 2.0, 2.5, 3.0, 3.5, 4.0, 4.5mm
delivered in coils of 1.0 to 1.5m of width.
Assuming wastage of 3% , the total annual requirement of hot and cold rolled steel strips is
30,900 tons. Considering the current international FOB price of hot and cold rolled steel strips
(USD 650 per ton) the total FOB cost of the required raw materials is estimated at Birr
336,130,200. Adding 20% to account for sea freight, insurance, port handling, bank charge etc
the total cost of raw material is estimated at Birr 440,102,520.

B. UTILITES
The major utilities requirements of the plant are electricity and water. Annual cost is estimated at Birr
2.84 million as indicated in Table 4.2.
Table 4.2
ANNUAL UTILITY REQUIREMENTS
No Utility Unit Quantity Cost (Birr)
1 Electricity kWh. 5,184,
000 2,592,000
2 Water Meter cube 25,500 255,000
Total 2,847,000

IV.2.2. Production Process

The first process line in the manufacture of steel profiles is the slitting of steel coils in to various
strips which have different width as required for the production of round pipes and R.H.S.
section.

The slitting unit consists of a hydraulic mandrel type un-coiler, a hydraulic leveler, a multi-head
slitting device and a multi section hydraulic re-coiler. Coil that is made ready for processing at
the coil storage is mounted on the hydraulic mandrel type un-coiler and then feed into the
hydraulic leveler, which levels and straightens all bends and warps on the sheet as it passes
continuously through it. The straightened sheet is then led into the multi-head slitting device
where it is slit into narrow strips.

The process of tube forming starts with the mounting of slit-coils on the spiral strip accumulator.
The spiral accumulator table with intake pinch roll has the function to feed the mill with out
stopping it. The strip with the required development size is then shaped into a circular section

28
through a series of forming rollers. The two mating edges of the circular section are then fused
together by a high frequency electric resistance welding (400 KHz) right after forming rollers.
The welded circular pipes passes under a cutting tool, which removes the outside flash resulting
from the pressure during welding. To reduce the high temperature developed during welding, the
pipe is cooled to ambient temperature by applying a continuous flow of soluble oil (coolant) on
the pipe.

After cooling, the sizing and straightening of the pipe is carried out by several driven horizontal
and vertical rolls. For a production of square or rectangular sections, the sized circular pipe is
reshaped by the use of additional forming rollers.

The pipe after forming and straightening is cut to any required length by the flying automatic
cut-to-length device, which is capable to cut pipes up to 300mm outside diameter. Finished
products are unloaded on discharge table of the line and are stacked and strapped into suitable
bundles by two automatic stacking and strapping machines. Finished pipes are inspected by the
quality control section on a random basis at the inspection laboratory.

IV.3. Man Power

Production Process

IV.4. Total Initial Investment Cost

The total amount of initial investment capital money that is required to establish the envisaged
factory is estimated to be Br. 25,000,000 from this amount 5, 000,000 financed by the owners’
equity and Birr 20, 000,000 financed from bank loan.

5. BASELINE ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITION OF THE PROJECT AREA

Environment means surroundings, which are comprised by living things and physical conditions.
Pertaining to the proposed Metal Tech Steel profile Manufacturing Products Manufacturing
Plant project baseline environmental conditions comprise bio-physical and socio-cultural aspects.

The study area, when we mean, comprises the project site and all surrounding areas that will be
under significant influence, i.e. where the environmental impacts of the proposed project can be
felt (particularly the direct one).

29
5.1. Study Area

The study area; when we mean, comprises the project site and all surrounding areas that will be
under significant influence, i.e. where the environmental impacts of the proposed project can be
felt (particularly the direct one). As the consultant’s environmental scoping exercise indicated
the environmental impact that can arise from the project can cover a total area of 2 hectare. This
estimation is based on the fact that the environment within 1km radius is directly impacted
(particularly negatively) by the project.

5.2. Specific description of the Project Site

As discussed in section 4.1.4 previous chapter, the proposed Metal Tech Steel profile
Manufacturing Products Manufacturing Plant is located in Addis Ababa Regional state NIFAS
SILK LAFTO town sub city and bordered with road and other industry. The adjacent project
is is compatible with this project since there is no pollution related to the ascent project ( mainly
no liquid pollution).

5.3. Physical Environment

5.3.1. Topography and Landscape

NIFAS SILK LAFTO is a town in central Addis Ababa Region, Ethiopia. Located in the
Addis Ababa, NIFAS SILK LAFTO town Sub City, Wereda 08, this town has a latitude and
longitude of 9°1′48”N / 38° 44’ 24”E and an elevation of 2355 meters above sea level.

Climate

The climate of NIFAS SILK LAFTO town sub city and its environs is characterized by four
seasons. These are Bega (dry season from October-January), Kiremt (long rainy season from
June to September), Belg (small rainy season from February - May) and Meher (from November
to December). NIFAS SILK LAFTO town sub city is mainly characterized by Woina Dega
(Temperate) climatic features.

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5.3.2. Rainfall

The main rainy season in NIFAS SILK LAFTO is from June to September. The mean
annual rainfall is 1,000 mm (records from meteorological station). The maximum, minimum and
average annual rainfall is 1,250mm, 700mm and 1,000mm respectively. July and August have
highest monthly total rainfall amounting 250 mm and 275 mm respectively. The least monthly
total rainfall was recorded in November (about 10 mm). In summer, mainly June to September,
the rain is very heavy with sporadic thunderstorm causing high runoff. The same rain pattern
occurs in early spring and early autumn (March, April and may) with less intensity. During
winter, late October to February, it is sunny, dry with a very little or no rain fall.

5.3.3. Temperature

The temperature of the area is related with altitude. The mean monthly maximum temperature at
NIFAS SILK LAFTO town sub city varies from 10 0C (March-May) to 23 0C (July and
August), and the minimum varies from 7.15 0C (October- December) to 11.6 0C (April and
May).

5.3.4. Soil Type

The climatic condition and topography of the study area favors the development of thick soil
profile by the decomposition of rocks on which it lies. Thus, residual soils are commonly seen in
most parts of the town with varying thickness. On the other hand, due to intensive erosion
activities there is poor soil development (shallow soil profile) or patchy occurrences on most
parts of the slope. The dominant type of soil in the southern parts of the town is black cotton soil,
which the proposed project located.

5.3.5. Land Use and Land Cover

The foundation and expansion of the town was associated with the rapid conversion of land from
rural to urban uses as of other else in the country. Over the past many decades it has been noticed
that there is an intensive conversion of rural land to urban development for uses like residential
and commercial buildings, transportation networks and facilities ,industrial establishments,
recreation areas and other manmade structures. The less controlled urbanization that includes
construction of residential houses, commercial centres, and transport infrastructure, various types

31
of industry, parks, and recreational areas has covered large proportion in the urban parts of
NIFAS SILK LAFTO town sub city .

5.4. Biological Environment

5.4.1. Vegetation

The project area has very few vegetation cover.

5.4.2. Wildlife

No wildlife population found at on the project site.

5.5. Historical, Cultural, Religious and Archeological Resources

There is no reported historical or archeological resource in the project area. During the field visit
the Consultant did not encounter site of historical, cultural, religious and archeological
importance located near to the project area.

5.6. Public Consultation

Public Consultation was undertaken in two phases, one for identifying issues (scoping) and the
other one during impact study. During the impact study individuals were formally interviewed.
The consultation involved residents living in the area close to the project site.

Due to the large number of unemployed residents, during the public consultation it was noticed
that the local peoples have a positive attitude to the implementation of the proposed construction
materials manufacturing project.

32
6. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS ASSESSMENT AND PROPOSED MITIGATING
MEASURES

6.1. Environmental Impacts Identification, Analysis and Proposed Mitigation Measures

This part of the report addresses potential impacts associated with the proposed project on the
environment and measures for both mitigating (i.e. avoidance, reduction, or restoration of)
negative impacts, and enhancing (i.e. improvements of) positive effects of the project.

In general, the components of environment considered as a broad parameter while EIA is

undertaken, this is briefly explained in this part for the area of this specific project.

6.2. Criteria for Impact Assessment

Criteria used for determining the significance of an impact includes severity, extent, duration,
frequency, possibility of occurrence, and possibility of reversibility of the impact. The extent of
each of the criteria was based on judgment and no numerical ranking or consideration was given
as shown in the table below.
Table 6. 1. Level of Significance of Potential Impact

Level of Significance Description

Very High Significance Potential impact of the enterprise could cause damage to an IEC
over a large area affected (e.g. loss of important habitat, loss of
biodiversity, loss of large areas of productive land). Mitigation is
not possible and the impact is irreversible.
High Significance Potential impact of the enterprise could cause irreparable damage
to a small area (e.g. on site) of an IEC; or, potential impact could
cause damage to an IEC over a large area, but the ecosystem can
still function (e.g. surface water contamination causing limited
aquatic ecosystem damage). The impact is reversible over a long
period of time.
Moderate Significance Potential impact damages an ecosystem over a small area but it is
still functional and the damage is reversible over a long period of
time. Damage to an ecosystem over a large area, still functional,
and the damage is reversible over a relatively short period of
time.
Low Significance Potential impact of the enterprise could cause damage to an IEC

33
 over a small area but system still very functional and damage is
reversible over a short period.
No Impact Non measurable impact.
Source; ANEIA Guideline, 2005

In general, studies showed that manufacturing company engaged in Steel profile Products gives
the positive impacts like provision of jobs, revenue generation, supply of quality materials,
saving of foreign exchange (hard currency), regional development, technology transfer and other.
In other polar side, this industry has general potential impact on .air pollution, safety and health
and biophysical. And its level of significance is moderate because the plant is mainly involved in
processing Steel profile Profile Products and its effect is not as such heavy industries.

The following sub section of the report outlines these positive and negative impacts with
mitigation measure specifically studied for Metal Tech investment in manufacturing of Steel
profile Manufacturing products.

6.3. Beneficial Impact of the Project

The establishment of the envisioned Steel profile products manufacturing project will have a
number of positive impacts on both at the national and local level. Some of the major positive
impacts include Save/earning foreign exchange, creation of employment, revenue generation,
supply of quality Steel profile products, technology transfer, gender equality and local
economy development . These potential positive impacts of the project, their origin and
characteristics and proposed measures to enhance those benefits presented below.

6.3.1. Employment

The direct and indirect employment opportunity to be created for citizens is the other economic
benefits of the project beyond to those economic out puts discussed above.

The feasibility study of the project indicates that Metal Tech Steel profile products
manufacturing project will create a direct job opportunities for a total of 127 individuals at full
capacity. Therefore, Hence, the factory deemed to contribute somewhat to solve the problem of
unemployment in the surrounding area.

34
Out of the total employment more than half portion given to women and youth, which is
equivalent to 75 people. Hence, women and youth are the direct beneficiaries of this project.

Special consideration is given to enhancement of the positive effects of the project by

maximizing the distribution of this employment related project benefit. The team considered the
issue at national and local level. Hiring local professionals and service providers where possible,
enhances the benefit at town level. Requirement of local available labor for positions that do not
require skill enhances the benefits at local level. Although labor requirement at the construction
stage of the project is a matter for the contractors, who have the right to determine whom whey
shall and shall not employ, they should be encouraged to hire locally wherever possible. The
measure not only maximizes the distribution of the benefit, but also promotes the projects social
acceptability.

In addition to the above proposed measures that can enhance the direct employment benefits,
procuring supplier and services from local sources to the maximum extent possible at each stage
of the project enhances the indirect employment opportunity of the project.

6.3.2. Social Benefits

Local Income Generation and Livelihood Improvement

The employment opportunity to be created by the project will have social benefit beside the
expected economic benefit. The employment income from the project will have a substantial role
for social livelihood improvement in the project area. This local income generation related social
benefit will have long term as well as cumulative benefits:

Poverty reduction: As a result of creation of jobs the project will have a meaningful impact on
poverty reduction as the project area is inhabited by largely unemployed and city immigrant, the
employment priorities would focus on households subsisting below the poverty line.

Education opportunity particularly girls: The increased income from the employment in the
project will improve substantially the living standard of the immediate area. Due to their

35
improved income families can afford to send their children to schools and supply their school
needs adequately.

Utilization of the available labor force in the area enhances the benefits at local level. Out
sourcing commercial activities around the location for local competitive service providers
maximizes the social benefit of the project as well.

6.3.3. Gender Equity and Employment Opportunities

Women efficiency in carrying out assignment are given to them preferable for the factory
production processes. This gender specific opportunity will address the historical
disproportionate burden of unemployment on woman.

Consideration to be given for keeping the above beneficial opportunity the project provider to
women and actions to avoid work area problems women can face. The actions to be taken
include:
 Strict rule on work area sexual harassments.
 Job security
 Appropriate payment (equal payment standard with men engaged on equivalent work
load).

6.3.4. Source of Government Revenue

To redistribute income, the government collects different forms of taxes from different business
undertakings and individuals as income tax. Among the different forms of taxes, business
income taxes are collected from undertaking business activities. Therefore, the project will serve
as sources of revenue for the government.

6.3.5. Supply of Quality Steel profile Manufacturing Products

In the production of Steel profile Manufacturing products mainly bags the project will add value
in Steel profile Profile industry.

36
6.3.6. Save and Generate the Country Foreign Exchange

By minimizing the market gab of Steel profile Manufacturing products demand and supply, the
envisioned factory will help to reduce the nation’s foreign exchange cost to import these
materials. This will save the foreign exchange resource of the nation. Moreover, the country will
gain foreign currency, when the factory starts to export its products/Steel profile Profile
Products to international market.

6.3.7. Technology Transfer

By producing Steel profile Manufacturing products domestically, the project will train and
develops the capacity of the technical staffs. By doing this, the company will add value in
technology transfer in this area.

6.3.8. Stimulate the Local Economy

This factory has positive externality in the zone and city that will encourage the economic
movement of local economy. There will be economic relationship and transactions among
different actors in the economy.

6.4. Potential Adverse Impacts and Proposed Mitigation Measures

Although the proposed project is characterized as insignificant negative impacts in pre-

construction phase and significant impact on construction phase and operation phase, it is better
when it compares with similar projects in other areas because the project is located in the
industrial zone.

6.4.1. Pre-construction Phase Impacts

The project has not such impact in pre-construction phase since it is located industrial zone.

6.4.2. Construction Phase Negative Impacts and Mitigations

The construction phase of the project involves clearing, land leveling, transportation of
construction materials, and installation of machineries, which these activities will have adverse
impacts on:

37
  On top soils,
 Alteration of land use pattern and landscape integrity,
 Impact on settlement and people nearby the area,
 Impact on Air Quality,
 Work area accidents and hazards.

Impact on Alteration of pasture, landscape integrity and land use pattern

Land clearing and leveling as well as dumping of excavated material can be a cause for the
alteration of landscape integrity in the project area. The land clearing work involves moving of
soils and removal of grasses. Such activities can be a possible impact origin for alteration of
landscape integrity; from the existing environmental features of the project area point of view,
the impact from land clearing and leveling will be significant.

The project has also significant impacts on local indigenous and exotic vegetation cover. Many
trees will be cleared and destroyed during the construction of the processing plant.

Mitigation Measures

Though the above described impacts are significant they can be avoided by undertaking the
following mitigation measures:
 Restoration and maintenance of shrubs and vegetation covers by planting suitable tree
species as a shelter belt and wind break around the project site,
 Grade limitation to avoid spoiling scenery and view lines with earthworks
 Dumping excavated material at selected suitable site and re-shaping it with the dumping
site
 Creating awareness on the value of conserving biodiversity in general and indigenous
species in particular among the workers engaged on the construction activity
 Minimizing the movement of vehicles and construction machineries particularly outside
the premise of the project site to avoid further destruction.

38
Impact on Air Quality

During construction phase, suspended particulate matter will be the main pollutant, which will be
generated due to the site development activities and vehicular movement, because of vehicular
traffic there may be a marginal increase in the concentrations of NOx and SO 2. The impact of
such activities would be temporary and restricted to the construction phase only.

Mitigation Measure
During the construction phase, dust and particulate matter likely to be generated would be
controlled by regular sprinkling of water within the vicinity to suppress their re-suspension.

Impact on Water Quality

Oil, grease, fuel and residues of derbies and construction materials can originate during
construction of buildings and installing plants. Improper disposal practices; spills and leaks from
containers and tankers, construction machineries; and improper storage practices can generate
them. Rain water and water used for cleaning machineries, vehicles and working area can runoff
contaminants to the nearby river and also can percolate to aquifers.

Although it will be much lower than that of required for the operation phase of the project, the
construction phase of the project requires relatively high volumes of water which will have a
substantial impact on existing groundwater sources. In addition to this, during the construction
phase of the project, foreign materials like oil, grease, fuel, byproducts from the construction
process and thrown of solid wastes can be originated. The materials are potential threats for
groundwater quality degradation.

During the construction period of the project a particular concern is protection of ground and
surface waters from nonpoint source contaminants that may occur from careless disposal of
residues.

Mitigation Measure

The following measures mitigate the impacts:

39
 Limit water withdrawal to the amount that will not adversely affect the groundwater
balance and the demand of the local community, such as by developing and
conserving own source of water.
 Make use of construction materials coming from authorized quarry site,
 Contribute to the rehabilitation of quarry site,
 Carefully excavating, storage and reuse of removed top soils.
 Establishing proper Collection and incineration area

40
Impact on Solid waste

Littering of unused construction materials and workers personal garbage are mostly common in
construction phase. Hence, these unsightly and remnant construction materials could pose a
safety hazard.

Mitigation Measure
Effective disposal of materials and garbage in designated waste disposal sites.

Impact on Noise and dust

Vehicles and construction machinery; dirt access roads would result Nuisance factor to
neighboring communities.

Mitigation Measure
Operations during normal working hours only; access roads to be watered during dry periods.

Impact on Accident

Short duration increase in the traffic in the process of delivering supplies to the construction site
coupled with the concentration of casual labour can potentially increase accident. Moreover,
visibility problem that may be caused by dust storm during clearing and land leveling may create
accident problem in the site operation.

Mitigation Measures
Train and equip some of the workers to voluntarily serve as a traffic service person during the
beginning and end of daily work

 Aware workforce on the safety issues during site operation and on road safety

 Put in place necessary sign post on site and near the gate.

41
Impact on Women’s Perspective

The proposed project is beneficial for women. But some adverse impacts may arise due to
additional work load and responsibilities as a result of immigrants in the area. Women in the area
might are expected to risk of sexually transmitted diseases.

Mitigation Measures
Awareness creation among the women community and also for the workers deployed in the area
would minimize the impacts. Availing condoms at the project premises & promotion of its use
shall be undertaken in collaboration with the local health institutions.

6.4.3. Operational Phase Adverse Impacts Identification

As the operation phase is the main source of environmental issue of the project; in assessing
these impacts the consultant to follow an approach that provide realistic background information
on the environmental assessment process. The approach consider the environment aspect, the
environment impacts and the viable (both environmentally, technically and economically)
mitigation measures. The consultant methodological for is as followsː

 Identification of the environmental aspect of the Steel profile Products and other
manufacturing process,
 Cause and effect analysis between the environment aspect and potential impacts and
 Impact assessment and identifying sustainable impact mitigation measures.

Table below describes these main environmental aspects and their significance from impact
causing point of view.

Table 6.2ː Operational phase Environmental Aspect and Significance

No Environmental Aspect Significance
1 Use of raw materials(PP) Insignificant impact
2 Other production activities
2.1 Natural Resources consumption Insignificant

42
 2.2 Water consumption and effluent Discharge Insignificant impact

2.3 Generation of gas hazardous waste from PP Moderately significance

processing
2.4 Solid waste production Moderately significance
2.5 Dust emission Moderately significance
2.6 Noise Moderately significance
3 Induced Development Insignificant

Safety of Cotton Compared to other Raw Material

Steel profile material is harmless to the health and particularity appropriate for asthmatic or
allergic individuals. Steel profile Products are totally harmless, highly stable and inert. They
release no toxic ingredient through their constant with the environment or in the course of their
maintenance. Furthermore, Steel profile Manufacturing Products are fire resistant. They do not
propagate fire, they are self-extinguishing. They do not release chlorine or phosgene.

Impact on Air Quality

Steel profile Manufacturing material Melting of the resin could also have some impact. Potential
emission to air outside the plant would be expected to be limited and much localized given the
emission levels of chemical compounds appearing on safety standards for plant workers, any risk
to worker health is virtually non-existent.

Mitigation measure
The necessary exhaust extraction and ventilation equipment will be installed in the plant to
ensure a clean and comfortable work environment and to ensure that harmful discharge (resulted
from the plant) to air prevented. These will includeː
 Extraction fans for machines with all discharges to air screened though filters.

Impact on noise
During operation it is not expected that any activities of the project will produce noise to the
surrounding areas. However, the use of high-speed mechanical equipment to manufacture
STEEL PROFILE MANUFACTURING products and the intensive use of machine in small
space can give rise to potentially hazardous noise level within the plant.

43
Mitigation Measure
 The workshop plant will be fully cladded and enclosed which will ensure that noise levels
outside that plant are low.
 Hearing protection will be provided to operators.

Impact as Waste
The Polystyrene manufacturing generation wastes in production process (Wastage). Polystyrene
is not biodegradable, it must neither be buried nor incinerated, and both of these options involve
more pollution.

Mitigation Measure
 Wastes from manufacturing of STEEL PROFILE PROFILE must be 100%
recycled/reuse.

Impact on Employees̕ Health Hazard and injury

Even if the plant is ready to employ efficient and systems which will contribute to reducing risks
to occupational health and safety during operation, these exist potential source of hazardous and
machine injury.

Mitigation Measure
Employees̕ health hazard is minimal if safety instruments; Safety clothing where appropriate i.e.,
Personal Protection clothing (PPE) shall be issued and used as required by the various categories
of the workforce. Protection guards on all machinery, inhalation of contaminated air, absorption
of toxic ingredients through skins, and ingestion of pollution during eating, smoking and
drinking are minimal. In addition those recommendations that prevents the root cause of the
impact (i.e., preventing and controlling work area health hazardous); Facilitating insurance
policy and procedures for work area caused body damage particularly for permanent workers is
the proposed mitigation. Moreover, first service will be active on the plant.

44
7. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN

Environmental management is concerned with implementation of the measures necessary to

minimize or offset adverse impacts and to enhance beneficial impacts. Unless the mitigation and
benefit enhancement measures identified in the EIA are fully implemented, the prime function of
EIA, which is to provide a basis for shaping the project so that overall environmental
performance is enhanced, cannot be achieved.

In order to be effective, environmental management must be fully integrated with the overall
project management effort at all levels, which itself should be aimed at providing a high level of
quality control, leading to a project which has been properly designed and constructed and
functions efficiently throughout its life. Hence, the overall goal of the Environmental
Management Plan (EMP) of Metal Tech Steel profile products manufacturing factory project
is to minimize adverse impacts of the project by managing and implementing the proposed
impact alleviation measures and good working practices.

Under this section specific management activities (construction and operation phases) to
overcome possible impacts of the project are outlined.

7.1. Construction Phase

During constructions and installation of the machineries, the contractor will be responsible for
implementing the environmental mitigation measures proposed in this EIA study report. The
construction supervisor shall monitor impacts and their proper implementation of mitigation
measures. He/She will be fully responsible for ensuring that all the works to be carried out in
accordance with the specifications and drawings, that the environmental impacts will be taken
into consideration and that good working environment established.

It is also proposed that an environmental inspector to be arranged by the proponent. The major
environmental management issues to be undertaken during the construction phase are presented
in the following subsections.

Site Preparation Management

45
The site preparation for erection of machinery will be done by taking care of soil, land and
human health safety.
Solid Waste Management

All solid and liquid wastes generated from the construction activities should be managed
properly. Solid wastes must be collected and burnt in a burn pit specially created for this
purpose. These burning pits must be placed away from the groundwater well head and the
seasonal wetland and covered up after completion of the construction work.

All the used materials from the plant and equipment must be collected and burned or buried in
specially secured landfill effectively sealed from the surroundings. Environmental inspector has
to ensure the proper implementation of these activities and submit report on the status of
environmental management to the company and concerning local authorities.

Air pollution and dust management

The construction action is the major source of dust emission and air pollution. However, it can be
managed by:
Discarding construction wastes will be in an appropriate or authorized waste management
facilities/land fill sites. Preventing the generation of air pollution during the construction period
will also be managed by water sprinkling.
Besides, appropriate technology that helps to collect dust and emit gas (different size fans) will
be installed to prevent excessive emission of gases and dust collection.

On site cultivation and infrastructure

As much as possible, attention should be given to save the indigenous resources found on the
industrial site and the natural tree planted at the boundary of the project site.

Health and risk management

Health and risk management should be done to avoid unnecessary impact on human health.
Providing health facility (protective gears, mobile clinic or first aid service depending on the size
of workforce) is the main element of health and risk management.

46
7.2. Operation phase

Most of project environmental management activities will be carried out during the operation
phase, although environmental impacts at this stage are also significant (including environmental
pollution and human health impacts).

The objectives of the environmental management program at this phase of the project are:
protection of the environment from solid wastes and other pollutants, protection of workers from
work area health hazard, efficient use of ground water sources, waste management (including of
recycling of packaging) and improve the environmental performance of the company. The
consultant proposes an Environmental and Safety Management Unit (ESMU) in the company’s
structure to operate the environmental management program at this stage of the project. Co-
ordinate and administrate all aspects of the environmental management programs; develop
further an environmental oversight capability within the company and facilities for the
implementation of companywide Environmental Management System (EMS).
Table 7.1 - Environmental Management Plan
Impact Mitigation Indicators Time Responsible Estimated
Measures cost in birr
Air Quality -Exhaust Every 3 Project Br. 35,000.00
extraction and Months Proponent
ventilation and town
equipment Municipality
_ Extraction
fans for
machines
Noise -Fully cladded Tools Every 3 The company Br.30,000.00
and enclosed Applicatio month
-Hearing n
protection
Solid Waste - STEEL Used PP Every 3 The Company Br.45,000.00
PROFILE package Weeks
PROFILE and
must be 100% recycling
recycled/reuse process
- Safety
instruments
-Equip workers
with Assess The Company
appropriate employees Every six

47
 Employees̕ protective health month
Health customs safety and
Hazard and - Facilitating utilization
injury insurance of safety Br.30,000.00
policy and devices
procedures

Estimated Total Budget Br. 140,000.00

8. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM

Monitoring a project or a program and its surrounding is a tool for decision making not an end
product. Pertaining to this Steel profile Products manufacturing project, the monitoring will
involve both quantitative and qualitative data, as appropriate to the nature of the information.

Both due to its significance and comprising different components; the production stage
environmental management monitoring and implementation program presented in detail.

Environmental monitoring is very essential part of the project implementation. It helps to follow
up the implementation of the proposed mitigation measures, as they are required and to
anticipate possible environmental hazards and/or to detect unpredicted impacts over time.

Such monitoring has to be carried out by the Company’s Environmental and Safety Management
Unit (ESMU) in a regularly bases. The company top management together with affiliated units
of the Addis Ababa Regional State Environment Authority and NIFAS SILK LAFTO town
sub city cabinet should have to carry out an occasional monitoring on the performance of the
environmental management plan. Random monitoring on selected environmental indicators by
the Authority is important as it is essential for auditing the environmental protection program of
the company.

The ESMU as the central point in monitoring the environmental management plan of the
operation phase of the project; the responsibility of the unit will be ensuring the implementation

48
of all the proposed mitigation measures. The unit should focus at least on the following main
environmental management plan themes:

Even though the company’s establishment is to generate returns to the shareholders and the
stakeholders, the company will also be committed to minimize potential negative impacts on the
environment & the community. Therefore, project is committed to sustainable Steel profile
Profile Products manufacturing in the town. To that end, the company will:
 Use the Best Available Technology
 Apply industry best practices in its operations
 Comply with City, national and international environmental laws & regulations
 Rehabilitate the environment affected by its activities
 Engage effectively work with local environmental conservations and management.

8.1. Environment Management Unit/Cell

Apart from having an EMP, it is also necessary to have a percent organizational set up charged
with the task of ensuring its effective implementation. A separate department consisting of
officers from various disciplines shall be created to coordinate activities concerned with the
management and implementation of the environmental control measures of the proposed plant
operation.

Basically, this department shall undertake monitoring of the environmental pollution levels by
measuring stack emissions, ambient air quality, noise level etc, departmentally or by appointing
external agencies wherever necessary. In case, the monitored results of environmental pollution
are found to exceed the allowable values, the Environmental Management Cell shall suggest
remedial action and get these suggestions implemented through the concerned plant authorities.
The Environmental Management Cell also co-ordinate all related activities such as collection of
statistics with respect to health of workers and population of the region, forestation and green
belt development.

To achieve the objective of pollution control, it is essential not only to provide best pollution
control systems but also to provide trained manpower resources to operate the same. Training

49
facilities would be strengthened for environmental control which would cover the items listed
below.

 Awareness of pollution control and environmental protection

 Operation and maintenance of pollution control equipment
 Knowledge of norms, regulations and procedures
 Occupational health and safety

8.2. Environmental Liaison Officer (ELO)

The ELO shall be the focal point for all environmental matters in relation to implementation of
the engineering component of the proposed project. It shall be the responsibility of ELO to
ensure that the design provided for implementation and reviewed is in the EIA/EMP report
conforms to those in the conceptual plan. At the end of the review, using relevant checklists
(prepared by the QAE), and the design presented for implementation may be approved, referred
or rejected if considered environmentally unjustifiable.

8.3. Site Safety and Environmental Manager (SSEM)

The contractor responsible for project execution (Construction and commissioning) shall provide
a Site Safety & Environmental Manager (SSEM), working in functional interface with the
engineering Contractor’s Team and interface with the Company’s ELO.

Site Safety and Environmental Manager will be responsible for the development and
implementation of the environmental activities relevant to construction described in the EMP. He
will report to the Contractor Site Representative. The SSEM’S environmental responsibilities
shall include the following:

 To ensure that all construction personnel involved with construction related activities are
aware of the objectives and appropriate environmental requirements

 To acknowledge the project organization with the environmental policy of the project

 To execute internal environmental auditing

 To carry out site inspections

50
 To compile and issue documents and reports required to design and run environmental
training

 To liaise with construction department and management

 To liaise with sub-contractors

 To plan and carry out, when necessary, studies and/or environmental expertise. The
Contractor’s office will provide qualified resource support as and when required.

51
Table 7.2. – Summary of Monitoring Plan

Impact Mitigation Indicator Location MOV Frequency Responsibility Estimated cost in

measure birr

Construction Collection of Project inspection Every The Company Br. 125,000

Phase Disposed of -Proper site month
Oil, Grease, disposal of
Fuel and used oils and
Residues of grease.
derbies; And
construction;
Operation Solid waste -Dispose off Factory Certification Every week The Company Br. 170,000
Phase -Dumping of any un laboratory
unwanted reusable
materials on waste into the
the approved
recommende dumpsites
d places.
-Re-using -first aid kit
any on site incase
recyclable of small
materials cuts/bruises

52
 -Keep well
services and
working fire
hydrants

TOTAL Br. 295,000

53
9. PUBLIC/STAKEHOLDERS CONSULTATION

Public consultation was undertaken in to two phases, one for identifying issues (scoping)
and the other one during impact study. During impact study stakeholders and neighbors
in the industry zone were interviewed. The consultation involved also unemployed
persons living in the area close to the project site. Due to the large number of
unemployed residents and the long distance they are travelling to get a job, during the
public consultation it was noticed that the local people have positive attitude to the
implementation of the proposed manufacturing project. (See annex of stakeholder
consultation).
10. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

10.1 Conclusion

The project has diverse socio-economic benefits. Even if the project has a negative
environmental impact, it has not severed as compared with other similar projects since it
has well designed mitigation measures.

Most impacts appear in operational phase especially liquid and solid wastes has a great
diverse effect on the environment and corresponding mitigation measures exist for these
adverse impacts of the project.

10.2. Recommendation

 The proposed mitigation for negative impact should be appropriately managed.

 The monitoring and Evaluation system should be efficient in each stage

 Integrated waste management should be properly implemented.

 Environmental management Implementation should be participatory with the

project stakeholders.
11. REFERENCE

 Biodiversity Institute, 1998. The National Biodiversity Policy (NBP). Addis

Ababa, Ethiopia.

 Central Statistical Authority, 2008.Census Reports, Addis Abeba, Ethiopia.

 EPA, 2002. Ethiopian Environmental Impact Assessment Guidelines, Addis

Ababa, Ethiopia.

 Ethiopian Forestry Action Program, 2000. Survey of the Ethiopian Forest, Addis
Abeba, Ethiopia.

 FDRE, 1997. Conservation Strategy of Ethiopia. Addis Abeba, Ethiopia.

 FDRE, MOFED, 1997, Ethiopian Growth and transformation Plan(2010/11-

2014/15)

 GOA, 2005, Environmental Impact Assessment of the proposed Rural Enterprise

and Small-Scale Commercial Agriculture Development (RESCAD) Project

 Proclamation No. 299/2002. Environmental Impact Assessment. Addis Abeba,

Ethiopia.

 Proclamation No. 300/2002. Environmental Pollution Control. Addis Abeba,

Ethiopia.

 Proclamation No.37/1996. Promotion of Investment, Addis Abeba, Ethiopia.

 World Bank. 1999. Armenia National Environmental Action Program (NEAP).

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