Propellant Technology

KODIAK Saltwater Disposal

Application

Owen does not warrant the

products described will work
properly in all environments
and applications, and makes
no representation or warranty,
express or implied, with respect
to their quality, performance,
merchantability, or fitness for a
particular purpose.

© 2020 Owen Oil Tools. All trademarks are property of their respective owners. All Rights Reserved.

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 ADVANTAGES

• The Kodiak propellant increased the injection rate

• Guns can be deployed via wireline, Coil Tubing, TCP or TCP

using the recently released Pulse Wave Transfer System

• The most cost-effective treatment on the market, and

Saltwater available to all

Disposal • Multiple charge selections including PerFrac equal hole size

• Modelling software simulations, PulsFrac™ and WEM™

Applications available

• Easy loading, no specialists required

Produced water in the oilfields of the USA presents some unique problems. It is estimated the shale basins are producing 8-9
MM barrels of oil per day while it is estimated between 20 -25 MM barrels of water is produced from these wells every day.
The produced water typically contains a high salt content, along with other chemicals, heavy metals, and NORM. One of the
drawbacks with injection wells is the physical distance between the producing wells and the injection well. This adds cost and
logistic problems. Therefore, operators want to inject the maximum amount of water per well possible at the lowest injection
pressure rate possible.
The selected formation to inject into must be
isolated of any freshwater aquifer and must be
porous enough to accept high quantities of fluid. Not
many zones have the connectivity, and this is where
propellants can provide a very cost-effective solution.
Fig 1. Kodiak Gun System Owen Oil Tools has now combined its industry
leading KODIAK Enhanced Perforating System with
either Premium charges, Standard EHD charges, or PerFrac equal entry hole diameter charges in either a Scalloped or Slick
Gun assembly.

Owen has the industry’s leading catalog of propellant technologies designed and developed as a full system completion
package. Not only does this comprise of the actual products, but also the design and simulation analysis that goes along with
them. Firstly, PulsFrac modelling tells exactly how effective the stimulation will be and will also help tailor the exact number
and type of charges as well as the quantity of propellant pucks recommended to obtain the best possible stimulation job.
Secondly, WEM modelling will tell how much fluid can be expected to inject and what the surface injection pressure would be.

Combining these two powerful software tools with the best internal gun propellant product on the market gives all the tools in
a single toolbox for unrivalled performance.

Gun size 2.75” 3.125” 3.375” 4” 4.5”

4 SPF Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
5 SPF Yes Yes Yes No No
60 Deg STD STD STD STD STD
90 Deg OPT OPT OPT OPT OPT
Scalloped STD STD STD No STD
Slick No OPT OPT STD No
Length 21 Feet 21 Feet 21 Feet 21 Feet 21 Feet
For reduced shot densities or select fire switches, contact Owen
Fig 2. Systems currently available with more under development

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 Charge Gram EHD PEN1 Exit hole SPF AOF Area/1FT Area/100 FT 7” casing, 29#. Area
SDP-3121-310 21 0.32 15.69 0.33 4 0.08 0.32 32 30.09
SGH-3119-330 19 0.47 12.40 0.37 4 0.173 0.692 69.2 30.09
SDP-3125-311NT4 21 0.34 13.50 0.35 4 0.086 0.344 34.4 30.09
1
Penetration into stressed Berea target (19.7% Por, 200md Perm @6500 psi)

Fig 3. Owen Oil Tools offers multiple industry leading charge selections

6000

5000

4000
Pressure - PSI

3000

2000

1000

0
0 0.025 0.05 0.075 0.1 0.125 0.15 0.175 0.2 0.225 0.25

Fig 4. Comparing Kodiak peak pressure to standard gun charge peak pressure

Laboratory testing has shown that the Kodiak Enhanced Perforating System increases both porosity and permeability in the
near tunnel area compared to the native rock section, while PulsFrac modelling (Fig 5) shows fracture extension of greater
than 8 feet can be generated into the formation (see well details in Fig 6).

Skin 10.0
Perf Dmo Th
Frac Length
Frac Width
Casing Exp
Formation Skin= +10.6
7.0
Current Skin= -2.5
Frac Cond= 36 md-ft
Skin or Length, ft

4.0

1.0

-2.0

-5.0
0.0000 0.1000 0.2000 0.3000 0.4000 0.5000

Fig 5. PulsFrac generated plot showing fracture length of 8.66ft and a change in skin from +10.6 to -2.5. This translates into an enhanced flow path.

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 Increased injection rate for well using KODIAK
41% increase in injection rate

4000 Well Details

IPR 1. TD =5000ft
3500
Perforations: 5000-5100 feet
FLOWING BTM PRES (psig)

SGH-3119-330 @ 4 SPF 60 Deg

3000 IPR 2.
Injection pressure: 1000 psi
2500 Injection Rate: 1402 BFPD
BHP: 3276 psi
2500
2000 Porosity: 15%
Permability: 4 md
1500
Formation: Delaware Sandstone
1000
Hole Diameter: 8.5”
Skin: 6”
500 Casing: 7” 29#
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500
FLOW RATE (bbl/d)

Fig 6.
IPR 1. Well Perforated without Propellant - Well details for WEM™ perforating model. Injection RATE OF 1402.
IPR 2. Well Perforated with Propellant - Well details for WEM™ Frac model. Injection RATE OF 1976.

© 2020 Owen Oil Tools All Rights Reserved

Owen Oil Tools LP. is a subsidiary of Core Laboratories,
12001 County Road 1000, Godley, TX 76044
TEL: 1.800.333.6936 I www.corelab.com/owen
StimGun™, StimTube™, KODIAK and WST are registered trade marks of Owen Oil Tools.

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