Clinical Immunology and Serology A

Laboratory Perspective 3rd Edition

Stevens Test Bank
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1. The strength of binding of one Fab on an immunoglobulin to one epitope on an antigen
is referred to as:
A) affinity
B) inflammation
C) diapedesis

2. A situation in which antibody is in excess as compared to antigen is called:

A) postzone
B) prozone
C) equivalence zone

3. A serological reaction is set up in which the antigen and antibody are both soluble and
form an insoluble complex that is detected macroscopically. What type of assay was
described?
A) precipitation
B) agglutination
C) flocculation
D) neutralization

4. An Ouchterlony immunodiffusion assay is set up and a line of precipitation is seen

forming between the antigen and antibody wells. The lines of precipitation formed by
two adjacent antigen wells cross each other, forming an X. The reaction described is
called:
A) identity
B) non-identity
C) partial identity

5. Your supervisor wants you to design a quantitative precipitation assay for a new
diagnostic test. Which of the following methods would you adopt?
A) Ouchterlony immunodiffusion
B) serum protein electrophoresis
C) radial immunodiffusion
D) enzyme immunoassay

6. The zone at which antibody and antigen are at optimal concentrations so that they form
a large insoluble lattice together is called the:
A) equivalence zone
B) postzone
C) prozone

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 7. In radial immunodiffusion, the diameter of the precipitin ring correlates with the:
A) concentration of antibody
B) size of antigen
C) length of time the antigen and antibody are bound
D) concentration of antigen

8. Affinity between individual antigen and antibody molecules depends on several types of
bonds, such as ionic bonds, hydrophobic bonds, hydrogen bonds, and van der Waals
forces. How is the strength of these attractions characterized?
A) specificity
B) avidity
C) reactivity
D) multivalency

9. The radial immunodiffusion test is a method involving:

A) agglutination
B) flocculation
C) precipitation
D) neutralization

10. An example of a qualitative precipitation procedure is:

A) Ouchterlony
B) radial immunodiffusion
C) rapid plasma reagin
D) complement fixation

11. A situation in which antigen is in excess as compared to antibody is called:

A) prozone
B) postzone
C) equivalence zone

12. In an Ouchterlony immunodiffusion procedure, a continuous arc of precipitate is

observed between two adjacent wells. This is a reaction of:
A) identity
B) non-identity
C) partial identity

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13. In the Mancini endpoint method of RID:
A) The diameter is proportional to the log of the concentration of antigen.
B) The squared diameter is proportional to the concentration of antigen.
C) The squared diameter is proportional to the log of the concentration of antigen.
D) The diameter is directly proportional to the concentration.

14. Radial immunodiffusion combined with electrophoresis best describes which of the
following?
A) immunofixation electrophoresis
B) immunoelectrophoresis
C) Ouchterlony diffusion
D) rocket immunoelectrophoresis

15. Where does lattice formation occur to the greatest extent?

A) prozone
B) postzone
C) zone of equivalence
D) prezone

16. When antibody combines with a particulate antigen, this is classified as which type of
reaction?
A) precipitation
B) agglutination
C) flocculation
D) turbidity

17. In which of the following zones is a false-negative reaction likely?

A) prozone
B) zone of equivalence
C) postzone
D) all of the above

18. The initial force of attraction between an antigen and an antibody is called:
A) affinity
B) avidity
C) equivalence
D) Van der Waals force

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19. Which of the following might adversely affect an electrophoresis reaction?
A) decreasing the strength of the current
B) changing the pH of the buffer
C) increasing the strength of the current
D) all of the above
E) all except one of the above

20. Which technique is best to determine if two fungal antigens are identical?
A) Ouchterlony immunodiffusion
B) serum electrophoresis
C) rocket electrophoresis
D) radial immunodiffusion

21. The Western blot test used to confirm HIV is an example of which of the following?
A) immunofixation
B) immunoelectrophoresis
C) double diffusion
D) passive agglutination

22. Electrophoresis followed by diffusion of antibody from wells cut in the gel best
describes which of the following?
A) immunofixation electrophoresis
B) immunoelectrophoresis
C) Ouchterlony diffusion
D) rocket immunodiffusion

23. Measurement of light scattered at an angle used to quantitate antigen–antibody

complexes best describes:
A) nephelometry
B) turbidimetry
C) spectrophotometry
D) flow cytometry

24. The force that keeps antigen and antibody together after the initial attraction and which
is responsible for stability of the antigen–antibody complex is:
A) affinity
B) polarity
C) avidity
D) Van der Waals force

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25. Which of the following would be considered a single diffusion reaction?
A) RID
B) immunoelectrophoresis
C) Ouchterlony diffusion
D) immunofixation electrophoresis

26. Precipitation reactions involve combination of soluble antibody with:

A) soluble antigen
B) cellular antigens
C) red blood cells
D) radioactive antigen

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Answer Key
1. A
2. B
3. A
4. B
5. C
6. A
7. D
8. B
9. C
10. A
11. A
12. A
13. B
14. D
15. C
16. B
17. A
18. A
19. D
20. A
21. A
22. B
23. A
24. C
25. A
26. A

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