Simple: 3rd Gerund Simple & Past in: Genitive Plural Person sg. Participle Vowel + -y boy’s boys she plays playing he played Consonant + -y baby’s babies she studies studying she studied Dave’s programmes she arrives arriving he arrived George’s offices she loves BUT -ee: he smiled tables she sees seeing she freed -e houses she agrees IRREGULAR: he hoped die à dying she surprised lie à lying he agreed dye à dyeing he loved Tom’s dogs he begins referring she preferred Jim’s shops he prefers beginning he stopped cars he stops snowing it snowed CVC pens (vowel + ‘w’) (vowel + ‘w’) stressed V swopping swopped (‘w’ + vowel) (‘w’ + vowel) controlling (BE) he patrolled controlling (AmE) he patrolled Martin’s fingers he listens listening she listened CVC Kevin’s shoulders he opens delivering she delivered unstressed V Stephen’s buildings he covers travelling (BE) she cancelled traveling (AmE) she canceled Luis’s kisses he kisses kissing he kissed -s Josh’s ashes he washes washing he washed -sh James’s beaches he watches fixing (‘x’ is a she watched -ch Except old boxes he fixes double consonant she fixed -x names in -s: quizzes it buzzes ‘ks’, so we don’t the bee buzzed Uncommon: Jesus’ (quiz) (buzz) double it) -z Hercules’ Leo’s tomatoes she goes going tattooed Theo’s potatoes she does doing Milo’s soloes she tattoos tattooing Apollo’s heroes vetoes pianos -o casinos kangaroos zoos videos tattoos patios studios parents’ teachers’ Except irregular Plural in -s — — — — plural nouns: children’s women’s