Mechanical Vibration

Dr. Shivdayal Patel

IIITDM Jabalpur
Dr. Shivdayal Patel Assistant Professor Department Mechanical Engineering IIITDM Jabalpur (M.P.)
 3.1 Introduction

• A mechanical or structural system is said to undergo forced vibration

whenever external energy is supplied to the system during vibration.
• External energy can be supplied through either an applied force or an
imposed displacement excitation.
• The applied force or displacement excitation may be harmonic, nonharmonic
but periodic, nonperiodic, or random in nature. The response of a system to a
harmonic excitation is called harmonic response.
• The response of a dynamic system to suddenly applied nonperiodic
excitations is called transient response.

Dr. Shivdayal Patel Assistant Professor Department Mechanical Engineering IIITDM Jabalpur (M.P.)
 The dynamic response of a single-degree-of-freedom system under harmonic
excitations of the form (below) is considered in this chapter

Where,
F0 is the amplitude,
ω is the frequency,
ϕ is the phase angle.

Under a harmonic excitation, the response of the system will also be harmonic. If
the frequency of excitation coincides with the natural frequency of the system,
the response will be very large. This condition, known as resonance.

Dr. Shivdayal Patel Assistant Professor Department Mechanical Engineering IIITDM Jabalpur (M.P.)
Dr. Shivdayal Patel Assistant Professor Department Mechanical Engineering IIITDM Jabalpur (M.P.)
Dr. Shivdayal Patel Assistant Professor Department Mechanical Engineering IIITDM Jabalpur (M.P.)
Dr. Shivdayal Patel Assistant Professor Department Mechanical Engineering IIITDM Jabalpur (M.P.)
Dr. Shivdayal Patel Assistant Professor Department Mechanical Engineering IIITDM Jabalpur (M.P.)
Dr. Shivdayal Patel Assistant Professor Department Mechanical Engineering IIITDM Jabalpur (M.P.)
Dr. Shivdayal Patel Assistant Professor Department Mechanical Engineering IIITDM Jabalpur (M.P.)
Dr. Shivdayal Patel Assistant Professor Department Mechanical Engineering IIITDM Jabalpur (M.P.)
Dr. Shivdayal Patel Assistant Professor Department Mechanical Engineering IIITDM Jabalpur (M.P.)
Dr. Shivdayal Patel Assistant Professor Department Mechanical Engineering IIITDM Jabalpur (M.P.)
Dr. Shivdayal Patel Assistant Professor Department Mechanical Engineering IIITDM Jabalpur (M.P.)
Dr. Shivdayal Patel Assistant Professor Department Mechanical Engineering IIITDM Jabalpur (M.P.)
Dr. Shivdayal Patel Assistant Professor Department Mechanical Engineering IIITDM Jabalpur (M.P.)
 3.3.2 Beating Phenomenon

Dr. Shivdayal Patel Assistant Professor Department Mechanical Engineering IIITDM Jabalpur (M.P.)
Dr. Shivdayal Patel Assistant Professor Department Mechanical Engineering IIITDM Jabalpur (M.P.)
Dr. Shivdayal Patel Assistant Professor Department Mechanical Engineering IIITDM Jabalpur (M.P.)
Dr. Shivdayal Patel Assistant Professor Department Mechanical Engineering IIITDM Jabalpur (M.P.)
 Example 3.1: Plate Supporting a Pump
A reciprocating pump, weighing 150lb, is mounted at the middle of a steel plate of
thickness 0.5 in., width 20 in., and length 100 in., clamped along two edges as
shown in Fig. 3.9. During operation of the pump, the plate is subjected to a
harmonic force, F(t) = 50 cos 62.832t lb. Find the amplitude of vibration of the
plate.

Dr. Shivdayal Patel Assistant Professor Department Mechanical Engineering IIITDM Jabalpur (M.P.)
Solution 3.1:

Dr. Shivdayal Patel Assistant Professor Department Mechanical Engineering IIITDM Jabalpur (M.P.)
 Example 3.2: Determination of Mass from Known Harmonic Response

Dr. Shivdayal Patel Assistant Professor Department Mechanical Engineering IIITDM Jabalpur (M.P.)
Dr. Shivdayal Patel Assistant Professor Department Mechanical Engineering IIITDM Jabalpur (M.P.)
Dr. Shivdayal Patel Assistant Professor Department Mechanical Engineering IIITDM Jabalpur (M.P.)
Dr. Shivdayal Patel Assistant Professor Department Mechanical Engineering IIITDM Jabalpur (M.P.)
Dr. Shivdayal Patel Assistant Professor Department Mechanical Engineering IIITDM Jabalpur (M.P.)
Dr. Shivdayal Patel Assistant Professor Department Mechanical Engineering IIITDM Jabalpur (M.P.)
Dr. Shivdayal Patel Assistant Professor Department Mechanical Engineering IIITDM Jabalpur (M.P.)
Dr. Shivdayal Patel Assistant Professor Department Mechanical Engineering IIITDM Jabalpur (M.P.)
Dr. Shivdayal Patel Assistant Professor Department Mechanical Engineering IIITDM Jabalpur (M.P.)
Dr. Shivdayal Patel Assistant Professor Department Mechanical Engineering IIITDM Jabalpur (M.P.)
 3.4.1 Total Response

Dr. Shivdayal Patel Assistant Professor Department Mechanical Engineering IIITDM Jabalpur (M.P.)
Example 3.3: Total Response of a system

Dr. Shivdayal Patel Assistant Professor Department Mechanical Engineering IIITDM Jabalpur (M.P.)
Dr. Shivdayal Patel Assistant Professor Department Mechanical Engineering IIITDM Jabalpur (M.P.)
Dr. Shivdayal Patel Assistant Professor Department Mechanical Engineering IIITDM Jabalpur (M.P.)
Dr. Shivdayal Patel Assistant Professor Department Mechanical Engineering IIITDM Jabalpur (M.P.)
3.4.2: Quality Factor and Bandwidth

Dr. Shivdayal Patel Assistant Professor Department Mechanical Engineering IIITDM Jabalpur (M.P.)
Dr. Shivdayal Patel Assistant Professor Department Mechanical Engineering IIITDM Jabalpur (M.P.)
Dr. Shivdayal Patel Assistant Professor Department Mechanical Engineering IIITDM Jabalpur (M.P.)
Dr. Shivdayal Patel Assistant Professor Department Mechanical Engineering IIITDM Jabalpur (M.P.)
Dr. Shivdayal Patel Assistant Professor Department Mechanical Engineering IIITDM Jabalpur (M.P.)
Dr. Shivdayal Patel Assistant Professor Department Mechanical Engineering IIITDM Jabalpur (M.P.)
Dr. Shivdayal Patel Assistant Professor Department Mechanical Engineering IIITDM Jabalpur (M.P.)
Dr. Shivdayal Patel Assistant Professor Department Mechanical Engineering IIITDM Jabalpur (M.P.)
Dr. Shivdayal Patel Assistant Professor Department Mechanical Engineering IIITDM Jabalpur (M.P.)
Dr. Shivdayal Patel Assistant Professor Department Mechanical Engineering IIITDM Jabalpur (M.P.)
Dr. Shivdayal Patel Assistant Professor Department Mechanical Engineering IIITDM Jabalpur (M.P.)
Dr. Shivdayal Patel Assistant Professor Department Mechanical Engineering IIITDM Jabalpur (M.P.)
Dr. Shivdayal Patel Assistant Professor Department Mechanical Engineering IIITDM Jabalpur (M.P.)
Dr. Shivdayal Patel Assistant Professor Department Mechanical Engineering IIITDM Jabalpur (M.P.)
3.6.1: Force Transmitted

Dr. Shivdayal Patel Assistant Professor Department Mechanical Engineering IIITDM Jabalpur (M.P.)
Dr. Shivdayal Patel Assistant Professor Department Mechanical Engineering IIITDM Jabalpur (M.P.)
 3.6.2: Relative Motion

Dr. Shivdayal Patel Assistant Professor Department Mechanical Engineering IIITDM Jabalpur (M.P.)
Dr. Shivdayal Patel Assistant Professor Department Mechanical Engineering IIITDM Jabalpur (M.P.)
Example 3.4: Vehicle Moving on a Rough Road

Dr. Shivdayal Patel Assistant Professor Department Mechanical Engineering IIITDM Jabalpur (M.P.)
Dr. Shivdayal Patel Assistant Professor Department Mechanical Engineering IIITDM Jabalpur (M.P.)
Example 3.5: Machine on a Resilient Foundation

Dr. Shivdayal Patel Assistant Professor Department Mechanical Engineering IIITDM Jabalpur (M.P.)
Dr. Shivdayal Patel Assistant Professor Department Mechanical Engineering IIITDM Jabalpur (M.P.)
Dr. Shivdayal Patel Assistant Professor Department Mechanical Engineering IIITDM Jabalpur (M.P.)
Dr. Shivdayal Patel Assistant Professor Department Mechanical Engineering IIITDM Jabalpur (M.P.)
Dr. Shivdayal Patel Assistant Professor Department Mechanical Engineering IIITDM Jabalpur (M.P.)
Dr. Shivdayal Patel Assistant Professor Department Mechanical Engineering IIITDM Jabalpur (M.P.)
Dr. Shivdayal Patel Assistant Professor Department Mechanical Engineering IIITDM Jabalpur (M.P.)
Example 3.6: Deflection of an Electric Motor due to Rotating Unbalance

Dr. Shivdayal Patel Assistant Professor Department Mechanical Engineering IIITDM Jabalpur (M.P.)
Dr. Shivdayal Patel Assistant Professor Department Mechanical Engineering IIITDM Jabalpur (M.P.)
Example 3.7: Francis Water Turbine

Dr. Shivdayal Patel Assistant Professor Department Mechanical Engineering IIITDM Jabalpur (M.P.)
Dr. Shivdayal Patel Assistant Professor Department Mechanical Engineering IIITDM Jabalpur (M.P.)
Dr. Shivdayal Patel Assistant Professor Department Mechanical Engineering IIITDM Jabalpur (M.P.)
Dr. Shivdayal Patel Assistant Professor Department Mechanical Engineering IIITDM Jabalpur (M.P.)
Dr. Shivdayal Patel Assistant Professor Department Mechanical Engineering IIITDM Jabalpur (M.P.)
Dr. Shivdayal Patel Assistant Professor Department Mechanical Engineering IIITDM Jabalpur (M.P.)
Dr. Shivdayal Patel Assistant Professor Department Mechanical Engineering IIITDM Jabalpur (M.P.)
Dr. Shivdayal Patel Assistant Professor Department Mechanical Engineering IIITDM Jabalpur (M.P.)
Dr. Shivdayal Patel Assistant Professor Department Mechanical Engineering IIITDM Jabalpur (M.P.)
Dr. Shivdayal Patel Assistant Professor Department Mechanical Engineering IIITDM Jabalpur (M.P.)
Dr. Shivdayal Patel Assistant Professor Department Mechanical Engineering IIITDM Jabalpur (M.P.)
Dr. Shivdayal Patel Assistant Professor Department Mechanical Engineering IIITDM Jabalpur (M.P.)
 Example 3.8: Spring-Mass System with Coulomb Damping

A spring-mass system, having a mass of 10 kg and a spring of stiffness of

4000 N/m, vibrates on a horizontal surface. The coefficient of friction is
0.12. When subjected to a harmonic force of frequency 2 Hz, the mass is
found to vibrate with an amplitude of 40 mm. Find the amplitude of the
harmonic force applied to the mass.

Dr. Shivdayal Patel Assistant Professor Department Mechanical Engineering IIITDM Jabalpur (M.P.)
Dr. Shivdayal Patel Assistant Professor Department Mechanical Engineering IIITDM Jabalpur (M.P.)
Dr. Shivdayal Patel Assistant Professor Department Mechanical Engineering IIITDM Jabalpur (M.P.)
Dr. Shivdayal Patel Assistant Professor Department Mechanical Engineering IIITDM Jabalpur (M.P.)
Dr. Shivdayal Patel Assistant Professor Department Mechanical Engineering IIITDM Jabalpur (M.P.)
Dr. Shivdayal Patel Assistant Professor Department Mechanical Engineering IIITDM Jabalpur (M.P.)
Dr. Shivdayal Patel Assistant Professor Department Mechanical Engineering IIITDM Jabalpur (M.P.)
 Example 3.9: Quadratic Damping

Dr. Shivdayal Patel Assistant Professor Department Mechanical Engineering IIITDM Jabalpur (M.P.)
Dr. Shivdayal Patel Assistant Professor Department Mechanical Engineering IIITDM Jabalpur (M.P.)
Dr. Shivdayal Patel Assistant Professor Department Mechanical Engineering IIITDM Jabalpur (M.P.)