Local Climate Change Action Plan-Lavezares Northern Samar 2017-2022

LOCAL CLIMATE CHANGE ACTION PLAN
2017-2022
Local Climate Change Action Plan 2017-2022

Lavezares, Northern Samar Page 1
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Title Page 1
Table of Contents 2
List of Tables 3
Mayor’s Message 4
SB Resolution 5
MDC Resolution 7
CHAPTER I Background and Rationale 9
The Legal and Planning Mandate 9
The National Climate Action Plan as Anchor of the 10
Lavezares Local Climate Action Plan
LCCAP Core Team and Stakeholders 11
CHAPTER II Background on Lavezares, Northern Samar 12

Socio-economic Profile 12
CHAPTER III Vulnerability and Adaptation Assessment
Climate-Related Hazards and its Impacts to LGU 19
Landslide and Flood Susceptibility Map 21
Summary 25
Identified Climate Change Key Development Issues 26
CHAPTER IV – LOCAL CLIMATE CHANGE ACTION PLAN

Goals 27
Objectives 27
Adaptation Actions 28
Implementation 30
Monitoring and Evaluation 30

LIST OF TABLES
Table 1 Classification of Barangays, Lavezares N. Samar 12

Table 2 Land Area by Barangay 13
Table 3 Population per Barangay 14
Table 4 Current and Projected Populations by Barangay 15
Table 5 Employment per Industry 16
Table 6 List of Typhoons from 2004-2015 19
Table 7 Annual Temperature, Lavezares, Northern Samar, 2015 20
Table 8 Climate Change Impacts Exposure per Barangay 22
Table 9 Poverty Incidence per Barangay 23
Table 10 Climate Change Issues and Technical Analysis 26
Table 11 Mitigation/Adaptation Measures to Temperature
Increase (including Drought and Sea-level Rise) 28
Table 12 Mitigation/Adaptation Measures to Climate-induced
Hazards (Typhoon,Flooding, Storm Surge and
Coastal Erosion) 29

MESSAGE
With the disastrous impacts of climate change in the last
decade now being more felt by people around the world, it is
just timely and appropriate that local government units like
the Municipality of Lavezares have to think globally and act
locally in effectively coping up with this challenge.
This means that a paradigm shift in governance has to take
shape from the traditional exclusive governance to one that is
more all-inclusive and sensitive to global realities in so far as
environmental protection is concerned. One should always
realize that all things in this world are connected and that we
breathe only the same air. When one pollutes his surrounding, the effects can be felt
everywhere for pollution knows no boundaries. Hence, it is imperative for the entire
people in the planet to unite for the survival of all.
While it is true that this municipality is quite small and it contributes a very little
amount in the destruction of the Mother Earth, experiences show that we bear the
most of the impacts of climate change being located in a coastal region where
typhoons are always heading to its direction. This energizes me to take a full
commitment in implementing mitigation and adaptation measures. I believe that if all
small towns and countries around the world would unite along with biggest emitters, a
great amount of carbon will be lessened for the good of the planet.
In this LCCAP lies a number of calls to action in facing climate change as well as
delineation of duties and responsibilities of the people in this municipality. I am
immensely hopeful my constituents will be able to take up their respective
responsibilities so that this plan will start to breathe fresh air and will come to life. It
is in the same breadth that I also enjoin all agencies of the government to help us
implement this plan and support us in this challenge of making our town climate
change-ready today.
Let us all be reminded that we are just stewards of this planet. Let us take good care
of it as this is the best gift God has given us and this is as well the best gift that we
can pass on to the children of the next generation.
AbanteLavezares.

CHAPTER 1
BACKGROUND AND RATIONALE

Lavezares, being a coastal community, is highly vulnerable to the impacts of climate change. In
fact, in the last three years, people have experienced strong, severe and frequent typhoons and
storm surges that left thousands of households homeless. It has also experienced long droughts
that deplete water resources in the barangays and wrought much damage to the agriculture and
fishery sectors in whichthe livelihood of the people is founded. The increasing precipitation level
in the last few years has caused more landslides and flooding incidence in some barangays
causing loss of lives and damages to properties. Sea level rise has caused inundation of some
areas in the coastal barangays. More so, coral bleaching and saltwater intrusion in vast
hectares of ricefields in the municipality have resulted to increasing threat to food security.
With a population of 28,770 in which 48.5 percent lives below poverty threshold, the Lavezares
Local Government Unit and its people have no option but to carry this gargantuan task of facing
head on the disastrous effects of climate change. They have to pool their resources and
capacities togetherto significantly reduce people’s vulnerabilities especially of the basic sectors
and to look for creative and smart ways to ensure agricultural productivity and sustain
development.
Fully acknowledging the urgency of the moment, the Local Government Unit and the Local
Climate Change Action Planning Team, and the barangays have come together to formulate
this Six-Year Local Climate Change Action Plan (2017-2022) that will serve as the community’s
blueprint in coping up with climate change through enhanced cooperation starting from the
grassroots level and from the most vulnerable sectors up to the governmental level of
cooperation and strong partnership with civil society organizations.
Having this LCCAP, as a mitigation and adaptation tool, Lavezares has just taken a great stride
in making its people safe from the ill effects of climate change. Giving flesh to this plan is yet
another big hurdle to tread, yet with good environmental governance and strong political will,
this plan will definitely see the light of day.
The Legal and the Planning Mandate
Republic Act 9279 otherwise known as the Climate Change Act of 2009 mandates the Local
Government Unit to serve as the “frontline agencies in the formulation, planning and
implementation of climate change action plans in their respective areas, shall formulate their
Local Climate Change Action Plan, consistent with the provisions of the Local Government
Code, the Framework, and the National Climate Change Action Plan.” This plan shall be
formulated by the LCCAP-Technical Working Group and reviewed and approved by the Local
Development Council and the Local Sanggunian.After which, LLCAP will be mainstreamed to
the LGU’s Comprehensive Land Use Plan (CLUP) and Comprehensive Development Plan
(CDP) and to term-based plans which include the CapDev-ELA, LDIP and the AIP.
This local-level legal mechanism of coping up with the adverse effects of climate change is a
way by which the local government unit gives flesh to various international agreements on

climate change entered into by the Government of the Philippines as well as to the constitutional
provision that says: “it is the policy of the State to afford full protection and the advancement of
the right of the people to a balanced and healthful ecology to fulfill human needs while
maintaining the quality of the natural environment for current and future generations.”
With RA 9729, the Climate Change Commission was created which eventually formulated the
National Climate Change Framework Plan which this Local Climate Change Action Plan is
founded. The said framework and the local plan encompass all aspects, issues and concerns of
human survival within the context of a changing climate and intensifying climate-related
disasters.
With the approval of this LCCAP coupled with strong political will, relevant and related policies
as well as significant budget, to include the People’s Survival Fund (RA10171), it is hoped that
people in the government and from the civil society and the business sector down to the
barangay level, thru inter and intra-local cooperation, will be able to effectively implement
measures in climate change mitigation and adaptation as laid down in this LCCAP.
The National Climate Action Plan as Anchor of the

Lavezares Local Climate Action Plan
The Lavezares Local Climate Action Plan is be founded on the components set by the National
Climate Action Plan which include the following:
1. Food Security - The objective of the national strategic priority on food security is toensure
availability, stability, accessibility, and affordability of safe and healthy food amidst climate
change.
2. Water Sufficiency - In light of climate change, however, a comprehensive review and

subsequent restructuring of the entire water sector governance is required. It is important as
well to assess the resilience of major water resources and
infrastructures, manage supply and demand, manage water quality, and promote
conservation.
3. Environmental and Ecological Stability - Ecosystem resilience and environmentalstability

during the plan period is focused on achieving one immediate outcome: the protection and
rehabilitation of critical ecosystems, and the restoration of ecological services.
4. Human Security - The objective of the human security agenda is to reduce the risks
ofwomen and men to climate change and disasters.
5. Climate-Friendly Industries and Services - NCCAP prioritizes the creation of green

andeco-jobs and sustainable consumption and production. It also focuses on the development
of sustainable cities and municipalities.
6. Sustainable Energy - NCCAP prioritizes the promotion and expansion of energy

efficiencyand conservation; the development of sustainable and renewable
energy;environmentally sustainable transport; and climate-proofing and rehabilitation of energy
systems infrastructures.
7. Knowledge and Capacity Development - The priorities of the NCCAP on knowledge

andcapacity development are:
Enhanced knowledge on the science of climate changes
Enhanced capacity for climate change adaptation, mitigation and disaster risk
reduction at the local and community level; and
Established gendered climate change knowledge management accessible to all

sectors at the national and local levels.
LCCAP Core Team and Stakeholders

The Mayor and Vice-Mayor are considered as the champion of the LCCAP. Both shall
ensure that CCA is mainstreamed to the local planning documents and the local budget. The
MPDC shall be the planning head of the LCCAP with the help of the Climate Change Focal
Person and the MDRRMO. The Municipal Agriculturist, the Municipal Engineer, the president of
the Ligangmga Barangay and the CSOs are considered as key members given that they all play
active role in the advocacy and implementation of CCA’s mitigation and adaptation projects.

CHAPTER II
BACKGROUND ON LAVEZARES, NORTHERN SAMAR
Socio-Economic Profile
The Municipality of Lavezares (then Pinonayan) is one of

the 24 municipalities of Northern Samar. It was created on
January 7, 1875 by virtue of a decreto superior issued by
the Spanish Governor-general in the Philippines. It is
composed of 26 barangays; with 5 in the Poblacion or town
proper, 5 island barangays; 6 in the interior; 6 in the carline,
and; 4 remaining coastal barangays.
Location
Lavezares is bounded on the west by the municipality of
Allen, on the northwest by San Bernardino Strait; on the
south and southwest by the municipality of Victoria; on the
east by the municipality of Rosario, on the north by the
municipality of Biri.
TABLE 1. CLASSIFICATIONS OF BARANGAYS, LAVEZARES N. SAMAR

ISLAND BARANGAYS COASTAL BARANGAYS INLAND BARANGAYS
Bani Balicuatro Villahermosa

Magsaysay Villa Ocad
San Isidro Libas Caragas
San Juan Cataogan Caburihan
Maravilla SabangTabok Datag
Barobaybay San Jose
San Agustin MacArthur
Libertad Salvacion
Urdaneta Enriqueta
Toog
Chansvilla
San Miguel

TABLE 2 LAND AREA BY BARANGAY
BARANGAY LAND AREA (HECTARES)
Balicuatro 66.1334
Villa 442.8808
Libas 529.9524
Villahermosa 148.3983
Maravilla 139.2905
San Juan 474.8116
San Isidro 149.2024
Ocad 285.027
Caragas 275.9095
Caburihan 583.4195
Datag 183.3807
Salvacion 433.1447
Sabang-Tabok 249.8159
Urdaneta 271.0776
Barobaybay 666.1622
San Jose 252.9717
San Miguel 321.4917
MacArthur 650.8803
Toog 514.2911
Chansvilla 293.8835
Cataogan 4.4515
Libertad 184.4308
Enriqueta 499.9828
San Agustin 250.2067
Bani 723.6295
Magsaysay 595.8325
Timberland 1,958.94
TOTAL 11,950.00
Source: MPDC 2015
Climate
No dry season with very pronounced maximum rainfall from November to January. Lavezares is
included in the geographical zone of the Philippines that is approximated to have been visited
(5) typhoons every three (3) years.
Topography
Land Topography is generally composed of very rugged terrain with many steep and elevated
areas classified as undulating to hilly. The vast area of Lavezares covers a wide variety of

natural resources which are subdivided into three (3) categories: land, mangroves and water. It
is a coastal town with flat to generally rugged terrain.
Its territory consists mainly of a mainland territory plus three small islands. Five out of its 26
barangays are located in these islands while the rest including the Poblacion in the mainland.
Population
Lavezares has 28,770with 6,083 households (PSA 2015) at 1.17 annual growth rate. The
average household size is 5. It is the eight most populous municipalities in Northern Samar. The
trend of population in the Municipality of Lavezares is increasing. It is expected that in the next
five to ten years, there will be a continuous growth in their population. With the constant efforts
of the Local government and the Municipal Health Office (MHO) to control this growth, they are
eager to slow it down. Due to the needs for economic stability, people continued to migrate in
the neighboring barangays.
Table 3. Population per Barangay
Barangay Population
Balicuatro 341
Bani 902
Barobaybay 1,294
Caburihan (Pob.) 1,552
Caragas (Pob.) 1,331
Cataogan (Pob.) 525
Chansvilla 107
Datag 383
Enriqueta 1,989
Libas 2,618
Libertad 1,306
Macarthur 1,604
Magsaysay 1,077
Maravilla 981
Ocad (Pob.) 998
Salvacion 507
San Agustin 554
San Isidro 429
San Jose 396
San Juan 1,261
San Miguel 1,336
To-og 601
Urdaneta 2,318
Villa 2,056
Villahermosa 501
Sabong-Tabok 1,803
28,770
Source: PSA 2015
TABLE 4 CURRENT AND PROJECTED POPULATIONS BY BARANGAY
Barangay 2010 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026
(Base)
1.Caburihan 1526 1743 1772 1802 1832 1863 1894 1925 1958 1990 2024
2. Caragas 1266 1445 1469 1494 1519 1544 1570 1596 1623 1650 1678
3. Cataogan 530 605 615 626 636 646 657 668 680 691 702
4.Libas 2424 2768 2815 2862 2910 2958 3008 3058 3109 3161 3214
5. Ocad 835 953 969 985 1002 1018 1035 1053 1070 1088 1106
6. Sabang- 1729 1975 2008 2042 2076 2111 2146 2182 2218 2255 2292
tabok
Sub total 8310 9489 9648 9811 9975 10140 10310 10482 10658 10835 11016
Rural
7. Balicuatro 326 373 379 386 392 399 405 412 419 426 433
8. Bani 918 1047 1065 1082 1100 1119 1138 1157 1176 1196 1216
9. 1084 1238 1259 1280 1302 1323 1345 1368 1391 1414 1438
Barobaybay
10. 117 125 127 130 132 134 136 138 141 143 146
Chansvilla
11. Datag 278 314 319 324 329 335 340 346 352 357 363
12. 1924 2195 2231 2269 2307 2345 2384 2424 2465 2506 2548
Enriqueta
13. Libertad 1294 1477 1501 1526 1552 1577 1604 1631 1658 1686 1714
14. Mac 1578 1800 1830 1860 1891 1923 1955 1988 2021 2055 2089
Arthur
15. 855 975 991 1008 1025 1042 1059 1077 1095 1113 1132
Magsaysay
16. Maravilla 949 1085 1103 1121 1140 1159 1178 1198 1218 1238 1259
17. Salvacion 542 618 628 638 649 660 671 682 694 705 717
18. San 630 718 730 742 755 767 780 793 806 820 833
Agustin
19. San 395 451 459 467 474 482 490 499 507 515 524
Isidro
20. San Jose 558 636 647 658 669 680 691 703 715 727 739
21. San Juan 1131 1292 1313 1335 1358 1380 1403 1427 1451 1475 1499
22. San 1294 1477 1501 1526 1552 1577 1604 1631 1658 1686 1714
Miguel
23. Toog 658 752 765 778 791 804 817 831 845 859 873
24. Urdaneta 2121 2420 2461 2502 2544 2586 2630 2674 2718 2764 2810
25. Villa 2042 2333 2372 2411 2452 2492 2534 2576 2620 2663 2708
26. 460 524 532 541 550 559 569 578 588 598 608
Villahermosa
Subtotal 19154 21850 22213 22584 22964 23343 23733 24133 24538 24946 25363
TOTAL 27464 31339 31861 32395 32939 33483 34043 34615 35196 35781 36379
Source: NSO 2010; MPDS computation using PR method

Religion
Majority of the people are Roman Catholics which comprises 98% of the total population. The
remaining 2% of the total population of Lavezares are distributed and affiliated to other religious
groups. Although this remaining 2% may be in small in number, they are distributed in the
nineteen diverse religious groups in the municipality.
Socio Economic Situation
The municipality is now classified as 4 th class municipality with the agriculture as it base. The
average family income is 3,000 to 3,500 pesos a month. The primary source of income are
farming and fishing. Copra, abaca and palay are its basic agriculture industry and boost off its
marine products as competitive in the local market. Local trade and service industry take a
share in the income and practice profession also help generate revenues. Based on Poverty
Incidence Survey of NSCB in 2012, Lavezares has 48.6 percent poverty incidence and has
ranked 16 out of 24 municipalities in the province.
Table 5.EMPLOYMENT PER INDUSTRY
EMPLOYMENT/INDUSTRY Number of People

Agriculture and Fishing 4,926
Wholesale and Retail Trade; and Repair of Motor
Vehicles and Motorcycles 677
Public Administrative and Defense; Compulsory
Social Security 399
Transportation and Storage 383
Construction 256
Education 239
Activities of Households as Employers and 224
Undifferentiated Goods and Services and
Producing Activities of Households for Own Use
Manufacturing 95
Administrative and Support Service Activities 71
Other Service Activities 31
Mining of Quarrying 18
Professional, Scientific and Technical Activities 18
Information and Communication 9
Other Occupation Not Elsewhere Classified 5
Human Health and Social Work Activities 4
Arts, Entertainment and Recreation 4
Total 7,385
Source: NSO 2010

Education
There are 26 barangay elementary schools and one central school in the municipality. There are
five secondary schools, including Holy Family Center of Studies located in Brgy.Caburihan;
Barobaybay Academy Mission School, Barobaybay; Basilio B. Chan Memorial Agricultural
Industrial School in SitioBunga, Colegio de San Juan Samar in Brgy. Libertad and the newly-
established Maravilla National High School in Brgy. Maravilla which is expected to cater to
students in the five island barangays. Colegio de San Juan also offers courses in tertiary level.
In 2009, Lavezares has been divided into two districts, the Poblacion and Urdaneta Districts. In
the last ten years, the Local Government with its Student Assistance Program has graduated
hundreds of scholars who are successful in their respective fields. It also maintains Scholarship
Fund for top honors in high school.
Health
Lavezares has a total of ten (10) health service facilities where four of which are located just in
the vicinity of the Poblacion. These include the Municipal Health Center, Dental Clinic, two (2)
Drugs Store and eight (8) functional Barangay Health Centers. There are eight (8) barangays
that their own functional health center. Those barangays are Maravilla, Enriqueta, Bani,
Barobaybay, Caburihan, Datag, San Miguel, and Urdaneta. The rest of barangays do have their
health centers but are not functioning as they should be. These health centers are referred to as
satellite health centers. Lack of facilities or completely empty health centers are the common
sights in most of the barangays.
During the past three years, Lavezares has been a recipient of feeding programs from DSWD
and UNICEF. Free medicines are being given to patients for common diseases and illnesses
but these are not enough to cover the increasing needs of the people.Medical cases that require
serious attention are referred to the nearest hospital, Allen District Hospital which is 7 km away
from the Poblacion or to Northern Samar Provincial Hospital and other private hospital in
Catarman which is 40 km away.
Housing
Most of the houses in Lavezares are made of light and/or durable materials. As of now, there
are about four housing projects that were established by Local Government Unit with the help of
national agencies. These are located in barangays Ocad, Macarthur, Libertad and Caburihan.
Water and Sanitation

As of 2016, most of the barangays have established communal faucets with potable water
supply. Other barangays will follow through on building communal faucets in order for all to have
access to clean water. Lack of toilet facilities remains an alarming problem. Based on CBMs
2010, 2,083 or 35.0percent of the households do not have access to sanitary toilet facilities.
Peace and Order Situation
The municipality is generally a peaceful town. The local Police force remains to have 20 existing
police force. The crime rate of the municipality is .0019%. Since the municipality’s population is
increasing, the Lavezares Police Station must cope up with the growing needs and demands of
the people. The existing force must meet the required police population ratio.
Infrastructure
The 26 barangays of the municipality has already existing concrete pavements which are mostly
in good condition. All the interior barangays are now accessible with good roads except for

portions of road approaching Barangay Salvacion as well roads leading to Barangay
Barobaybay.
Solid Waste Disposal
Policies on waste management have been implemented down to the barangay level. What used
to be a 4-hectar dumpsite at Barangay Macarthur is now converted to an Integrated Ecofarm.
Lavezares has been recognized by local and national agencies as a model LGU in solid waste
management in 2011 and 2012.
Flood Control
Maintenance of existing flood control measures and structures like barangay drainage systems
in the Poblacion area remain a problem of the barangays. The misuse of the seawall is also a
problem of the municipality.
Land Use
Among the pressing concerns identified is the uncontrolled conversion of lands, particularly from
forestland to agricultural farmland, and agricultural lands to settlement areas. These are largely
accounted for the increase in demand for spaces to accommodate economic and residential
needs.
Communication
The municipality is dependent on the use of cellular phones specifically sending and receiving
messages under the mobile telecommunication giants, Smart and Globe. Pre-paid Internet
service is now being used to access the Internet.
Tourism
The municipality boosts its eco-tourism potential. Lalaguna Bay which is composed of mangrove
forest and wildlife sanctuary is now being considered as the soon-to-be very important tourist
destination of the municipality along with the beautiful beach resorts in Urdaneta, Marsons in
Bani, Bankawan Island and the rock formations in Barangay Balicuatro. The most popular
festival is the Pinonayan, a streetdance performance in thanksgiving to the Santo Niño for the
bountiful harvest and in celebration of the people’s various industry. The Lavezares Port
remains significant as the jump-off point to the famous Biri Island.

CHAPTER III
VULNERABILITY AND ADAPTATION ASSESSMENT
Climate-Related Hazards and its Impacts to LGU
Strong Winds (Typhoon). Lavezares is located along the typhoon path in the
country. In a year, an average of three to five typhoons hit Lavezares. In the last two
decades, the worst typhoon that hit Lavezares was Nona that happened in December
2015. It wrought havoc in social and economic sectors in the municipality. Almost all
houses were either partially or totally damaged. Prior to Nona, three strong typhoons
have hit Lavezares. These include Yolanda (November 2013), Glenda (July 2014) and
Ruby (December 2014).
Table 6.LIST OF TYPHOONS FROM 2004-2015

(center within 200 kms. From Catarman)
Year Month Date Name Distance from Signal Max wind Max 24-Hr
Catarman (km) raised observed rainfall
(kph) (mm)
2004 March 20 TS Butchuy 90 East Southeast 2 54 78.7
May 16 TY Dindo 100 Northeast 3 86 231.5
November 15 TS Unding 150 Northeast 2 43 122.0
November 28 TD Winnie 10 East 1 36 51.6
December 01 TY Yoyong 180 Northeast 2 54 106.3
2005 March 16 TS Auring 160 South 3 50 42.0
2006 May 11 TS Caloy 30 South 3 61 116.4
Septembe 27 TY Milinyo 30North 3 97 177.6
r
November 30 TY Reming 100 North 2 61 92.8
December 09 TY Seniang 110 South 3 54 50.9
2008 June 19 TY Frank 80 south southeast 2 68 78.6
Septembe 30 TS Pablo 30North 2 29 100.6
r
2009 May 04 TD Dante 50North Northwest 1 43 25.9
June 23 TS Feria 40South 2 43 48.3
2011 May 07 TS Bebeng 100 Northeast 2 54 377.4
June 18 TD Egay 200 East 1 14 53.6
October 12 TS Ramon 180 Southwest 1 18 43.6
2012 October 25 TS Ofel 120 Southwest 1 22 33.8
December 26 TS Quinta 170 Southeast 2 54 63.3
2013 June 29 TS Gorio 30Southwest 2 43 81.7
November 08 TY Yolanda 140 Southwest 4 86 81.5
2014 July 15 TY Glenda 40 North Northeast 3 101 143.5
December 07 TY Ruby 50 South 3 140 161.6
2015 January 17 TS Amang Passed over 2 97 268.5
December 14 TY Nona 10 North 3 151 245.3

Note; New Classification of Tropical Cyclones effective May 20,2015
Tropical Depression (TD): sustained winds of up to 61 kph

Tropical Storm (TS): Maximum wind speed of 62 to 88 kph
Severe Tropical Storm (STS): maximum wind speed of 89 to 117 kph
Typhoon (TY): maximum wind speed of118 to 220 kph
Super Typhoon (STY): maximum wind speed greater than 220 kph
Drought.In the last five years, Lavezares has experienced the brunt of El Niňo.
Heavy damages were incurred by the agriculture sector especially rice production which
is one of the major agricultural activity of the farmers. Coral bleaching was also
observed in the coral reefs of barangays Urdaneta, Barobaybay, and Villa. Sources of
potable water have either dried up or have registered lower water discharge. Almost 80
percent of the people in Lavezares are dependent on spring sources as their source of
potable water.
Table 7.ANNUAL TEMPERATURE, LAVEZARES, NORTHERN SAMAR, 2015

MONTH TEMPERATURE
MAXIMUM MINIMUM MEAN
January 79.3 22.6 25.9
February 29.9 22.3 26.1
March 30.8 22.4 26.6
April 32.1 23.0 27.6
May 32.2 33.7 28.4
June 33.0 33.9 28.5
July 33.4 23.8 28.1
August 33.0 24.1 28.5
September 32.6 23.7 28.1
October 31.7 23.5 27.6
November 30.6 23.3 27.0
December 29.6 23.0 26.3
Annual 31.5 23.3 27.4
Source: PAGASA 2015
FLOOD
Of the 87 sitios/puroks/zones assessed in Lavezares:

0 Sitios/purok/zones have very high flood susceptibility
25 Sitios/ purok/zones have high flood susceptibility
26 Sitios/ purok/zones have moderate flood susceptibility
35 Sitios/ purok/zones have low flood susceptibility; and
0 Sitio/ purok/zones have none flood susceptibility.

Lavezares has Type II Climate Classification which means that the entire year is rainy.
Heavy precipitation peaks by the months of November up to January. Low-lying areas
In Libas, Caburihan, Sabang-tabok and Enriqueta are usually inundated in flood waters.
These flooding incidents have caused so much inconvenience to the people.
Rain-induced Landslide
Based on MGB Hazard Map, of the 87 sitios/puroks/zones assessed in Lavezares,

0 sitio/purok/zones have very high landslide susceptibility;
8 sitio/ purok/zones have high landslide susceptibility;
34 sitio/ purok/zones have moderate landslide susceptibility; and
44 sitios/ purok/zones have low landslide susceptibility.
There were recorded three rain-induced landslides in Lavezares. The most tragic was in
2009 when a family of five was submerged in mud inside their house in SitioPabahay,
Brgy. Ocad. In 2014, a mudslide destroyed a classroom in Libas Elementary School.
There was no casualty since it took place early in the morning. In 2016, a landslide
happened in Barangay Urdaneta leaving one residential house severely damaged; there
was no casualty.
Map 1. Landslide and Flood Susceptibility Map

STORM SURGE
All 14 coastal and island barangays are vulnerable to storm surge based on MGB
Survey. During Typhoon Ruby, storm surge was recorded to as high as two meters in
barangaysBalicuatro and Villa. During Nona, a two-meter storm surge was recorded in
the island barangays of Bani, San Juan, and Maravilla. All these disasters have severely
damaged houses along the storm surge path.
SEA-LEVEL RISE
All island and coastal barangays have been experiencing sea-level rise leading to
saltwater intrusion in the vast rice fields of Lavezares. In the last ten years, rice farmers
in barangays San Juan, San Isidro, Urdaneta, San Miguel, Barobaybay and Libertad
have witnessed, as day by day their rice areas, are being eaten up by sea water. This
hasresulted to dwindling rice production in Lavezares.
COASTAL EROSION
All coastal and island barangays in Lavezares are exposed to coastal erosion. To
prevent the water from further inching up to the residential areas located along the
shores, some barangays have constructed seawalls as a protective measure. Current
mangrove and beach forests plantation project of the government are also being
implemented as an adaptation measure.
Table 8.CLIMATE CHANGE IMPACTS EXPOSURE PER BARANGAY

Barangays Severe Drought Flood Rain- Storm Sea-Level Coastal
Winds Induced Surge Rise Erosion
Landslide
Coastal Barangays
Balicuatro √ √ √ √ √
Barobaybay √ √ √ √ √
San Agustin √ √ √ √ √
Villa √ √ √ √ √ √
Urdaneta √ √ √ √ √ √ √
Cataogan √ √
Libas √ √ √ √ √
Sabang-tabok √ √ √ √
Libertad √ √
Island Barangays
Bani √ √ √ √ √
Magsaysay √ √ √ √ √
Maravilla √ √ √ √ √
San isidro √ √ √ √ √ √
San Juan √ √ √ √ √ √
Poblacion
Caburihan √ √ √

Caragas √ √ √
Ocad √ √ √ √
Along the Road
Enriqueta √ √ √
Macarthur √ √
San Miguel √ √ √
Interior
Chansvilla √ √ √
Datag √ √
Salvacion √ √ √
San Jose √ √ √ √
Villahermosa √ √ √ √
Source: MPDC 2016. Note: Libas, Cataogan, and Sabang-Tabok are also Poblacion barangays; Urdaneta, and Libertad are also
located along the National Highway.
POPULATION. Based on the 2012 NSCB Data, 48.5 percent of the households are
living below the poverty threshold. These households are the most vulnerable since
they possess low adaptive capacity in the face of climate change and its underlying
disastrous impacts. Within these households are the women, the children, the senior
citizens, and the disabled who are always helpless in the face of disasters.
TABLE 9. POVERTY INCIDENCE PER BARANGAY

HH Living below the
Barangay Population Households
Poverty Threshold
Balicuatro 341 79 38
Bani 902 182 88
Barobaybay 1,294 292 142
Caburihan (Pob.) 1,552 320 155
Caragas (Pob.) 1,331 279 135
Cataogan (Pob.) 525 116 56
Chansvilla 107 21 10
Datag 383 54 26
Enriqueta 1,989 462 224
Libas 2,618 608 295
Libertad 1,306 269 130
Macarthur 1,604 369 179
Magsaysay 1,077 211 102
Maravilla 981 208 101
Ocad (Pob.) 998 231 112
Salvacion 507 109 53
San Agustin 554 79 38
San Isidro 429 102 49
San Jose 396 86 42
San Juan 1,261 237 115
San Miguel 1,336 286 139
To-og 601 108 52
Urdaneta 2,318 389 189
Villa 2,056 482 234
Villahermosa 501 113 55
Sabong-Tabok 1,803 391 190
28,770 6083 2950
URBAN STRUCTURES. Of the 26 barangays, 14 are island and coastal barangays

which are all exposed to all forms of geohazards. Of the 6,083 households, more than
80 percentof houses are made up of light materials which, during strong typhoons, are
either partially or totally damaged.
AGRICULTURE and FISHERIES.4,926 or 80 percent of the households depends either

on farming or fishing for livelihood. Their current situation is unlikely to improve as the
agricultural lands and fishing grounds are mostly exposed to the harsh impacts of
climate change. The government has yet to come up with a clear program on climate-
smart agri-fishery technologies to reduce the vulnerability and increase the adaptive
capacity of the farmers.
CRITICAL POINT FACILITIES AND INFRASTRUCTURES. The problem on the lack of

suitable buildings for evacuation remains a problem every time there is a strong
typhoon. All barangays have school buildings but some of these are exposed to hazards
like schools in barangaysMaravilla, Bani, Libas and San Agustin. A number of
classrooms are no longer safe for evacuation as these are already dilapidated. Most
people would seek refuge in concrete houses in their barangays. People have been
used to typhoons already and they know very well how to survive it. Their experiences
have taught them to be resilient.
The Municipal Hall, the Fire Station and Police Station have to be rehabilitated and
expanded to ensure that these are safe and functional during disasters. These
structures are very important to keep the government services operational in the midst
of tremendous and widespread damages in the residential and urban areas.
LIFELINE UTILITIES.Only 12 percent of the total road network is non-concrete. With

the current phase of road construction effort, it is expected these will be finally
addressed in the next few years. Concrete road network is very important in making
goods and services available to the people especially during disasters. Not all
barangays have standby power generator that can be used at the evacuation centers.

Communication lines are usually damaged during calamities. Water system are also
affected since some pipelines and water sources are damaged during strong typhoons.
SUMMARY
Of all the climate change-induced hazards, it is typhoon that is most destructive to the
people of Lavezares. As each typhoon is not new to people, they have already
mastered the way to survive. However, if typhoons will keep on intensifying and will
become more frequent as what happened in the last three years, it might be very
difficult for the people to recover, they will languish more in abject poverty in the years
to come. Poverty incidence will definitely keep on rising.
Giving more priority to agricultural and fishery productivity and introducing to it with the
latest climate-adaptive technologies and setting aside conventional subsistence
agriculture technology would be the key to improving adaptive capacities of the farmers
and the fisherfolks. Climate -smart technology include agroforestry, intercropping,
seasonality calendar and suitability mapping, farm mechanization, and efficient and
sustainable irrigation system. More farmers and fisherfolks should be enrolled to the
crop insurance program of the government.
To attain zero casualties during disasters, an effective, pro-active and community-based

disaster management program should be implemented. People living in the hazard
areas should be properly managed during disasters. Forced evacuation should be done,
if needed. Strict implementation of zoning and building laws is also very much
important.
Since the root cause of climate change are the increasing carbon emissions of humans,
it is just appropriate that the municipality has to contribute to lowering the country’s
carbon footprint through the implementation of its Ecological Solid Waste Management
Program. The entire municipality will definitely benefit from a clean environment.
Reforestation projects should continue from upland down to the mangrove areas. Let all
be reminded that man’s survival is tied with the preservation of the ecosystems.

IDENTIFIED CLIMATE CHANGE KEY DEVELOPMENT ISSUES
Table 10. Climate Change Issues and Technical Analysis
Technical Findings Implications Policy Options/

Interventions
Almost half of the population Possible loss of lives Need to implement climate
is exposed to climate change and properties will be and disaster mitigation and
hazards inevitable adaptation projects in the
municipality
80% of the farmers and Poverty will continue to Establish Climate-smart
fisherfolks are the most worsen among farmers agri-fishery programs
economically vulnerable and fisherfolks
sector
Government buildings and Slower climate and Retrofit dilapidated
school buildings are not disaster response government buildings and
climate and disaster ready school buildings
Increasing temperature Increasing heat index Upland, mangrove and
urban greening projects
Decreasing sources of Water shortage Acquire and preserve
potable water supply sources of potable water
Uncontrolled encroachment Possible loss of lives Strict enforcement of
of settlements in hazard and and properties zoning ordinance and
protection areas building code
Most houses are made up of Possible loss of lives Popularization of climate-
light materials and properties adaptive housing designs
Inadequate drainage system Increased Construct effective
in some areas in the inconvenience to drainage system/flood
poblacion and some residents control projects
barangays
Inadequate evacuation Increased risk exposure Construct safe evacuation
centers of vulnerable sectors centers
Inadequate knowledge of Increased exposure to Conduct IECs and eco-
people on CCA and DRR risks and hazards contests; establish Climate
Change Knowledge
Centers
Lack of appreciation of the Increased energy Popularization on the use
people for renewable sources consumption of solar energy and other
of energy forms of renewable energy

CHAPTER IV
LOCAL CLIMATE CHANGE ACTION PLAN
Goals
The goals of the Lavezares Local Climate Change Action Plan 2017-2022 are anchored on the
following goals of the National Climate Change Action Plan 2011-2028:
1. building the adaptive capacities of men and women in their communities

2. increasing the resilience of vulnerable sectors and natural ecosystems to climate change
3. optimizing mitigation opportunities towards gender-responsive and rights-based sustainable
development.
Objectives
The specific goals of the Lavezares Local Climate Change Action Plan 2017-2022 mirrors the
work priorities defined in the National Climate Change Action Plan 2011-2028 on food security,
water sufficiency, environmental and ecological stability, human security, climate friendly
industries and services, sustainable energy and knowledge and capacity building. . These
objectives include:
1. to ensure availability, stability, accessibility and affordability of safe and

healthy food amidst climate change
2. to ensure the resilience of water resources, manage supply and demand,

manage water quality and promote conservation
3. to protect and rehabilitate critical ecosystems and restore ecological services
4. to reduce the risks of women and men to climate change and disasters
5. to create green and eco-jobs and sustainable consumption and production
6. to promote and expand energy efficiency and conservation and develop sustainable and
renewable energy, environmentally sustainable transport
7. to enhance the knowledge on climate change, capacity for climate change adaptation,
mitigation and disaster risk reduction

ADAPTATION ACTIONS
Table 11.Mitigation/Adaptation Measures to Temperature Increase
(including Drought and Sea-level Rise)
Project/Activity NCCAP Priority Responsible Implementation
Responded to Office Period
Establishment of Tree Parks in Environmental and MENRO 2017-2022
every barangay Ecological Stability MAO
Development of Green Urban Environmental and MENRO 2017-2022

centers, Infrastructures, Ecological Stability ME
Structures and Open Spaces, MPDC
Human Security
Establishment of Municipal Environmental and MENRO 2017-2022
Man-made Forest Park Ecological Stability MAO
Roadside and sidewalk Environmental and MENRO 2017-2022

greening in appropriate areas Ecological Stability
Mangrove and Beach Environmental and MENRO 2017-2022

Reforestation in the easements Ecological Stability MAO
of municipal waters
Bamboo Plantation Project Environmental and MENRO 2017-2022
Ecological Stability MAO
Upland Reforestation Environmental and MENRO 2017-2022

Ecological Stability MAO
Strict implementation of Environmental and MENRO 2017-2022

Forestry laws Ecological Stability MAO
Implementation of RA 9003 or Environmental and MENRO 2017-2022

the Solid Waste Management Ecological Stability ME
Act
Establishment of MRF and Environmental and MENRO 2017-2022
Sanitary Landfill Ecological Stability ME
Strict implementation of zoning Environmental and ME 2017-2022

ordinance and building laws Ecological Stability MPDC
Human Security
Implementation of climate- F MAO 2017-2022
smart agri-fishery technology
ood Security
Acquisition of sources of Water sufficiency ME 2017-2022
potable water MPDC

Conduct of IEC re Climate Knowledge and MENRO 2017-2022
Change Capacity MDRRMO
Development
Establishment of Climate Knowledge and MENRO 2017-2022
Change Information Center Capacity MDRRMO
Development
Construction of small water Water sufficiency MAO 2017-2022
impounding facility Food security ME
Conduct of Eco-contests for the Knowledge and MENRO 2017-2022
children and the youth Capacity
Development
Conduct of Search for the Knowledge and MENRO 2017-2022
Cleanest and Greenest Capacity
barangay and school Development
Establishment of solar-powered Climate-friendly MENRO 2017-2022
streetlights industries and ME
services
Table 12.Mitigation/Adaptation Measures to Climate-induced Hazards
(Typhoon, Flooding, Storm Surge and Coastal Erosion)
Project/Activity NCCAP Priority Responsible Implement
Responded to Office ation
Period
Construction of climate-resilient Human security ME 2017-2022
Evacuation Centers in strategic areas
Implementation of an effective disaster Human security MDRRMO 2017-2022
management program
Rehabilitation/repair of school Human security ME 2017-2022
buildings
Construction of disaster-resilient Human security ME 2017-2022
school buildings
Popularization of climate-resilient Human security ME 2017-2022
building designs
Installation of early warning systems Human security MDRRMO 2017-2022
Retrofitting/Rehab of the Old Human security ME 2017-2022
Municipal Building
Construction of new BFP and PNP Human security ME 2017-2022
building PNP
BFP
Conduct of climate and disaster Human security MDRRMO 2017-2022
preparedness seminar
Construction of Flood Control Project Human security ME 2017-2022
in barangays Caragas and Enriqueta
Construction of effective drainage Human security ME 2017-2022
system in barangays Sabang-tabok
and Caburihan

IMPLEMENTATION
The LCCAP Core Planning Team should make sure that the issues and
concerns, programs, projects and activities mentioned herein are all mainstreamed in all
the planning tools of the municipality, specifically the Comprehensive Land Use Plan
and the Comprehensive Development Plan. All concerned agencies must make sure
that those proposed projects should be incorporated in their respective PPA’s for
inclusion to the LDIP and AIP of the municipality. In the event that the proposed project
involves huge amount which is beyond the LGU’s capacity, the LGU may submit such
proposal to the Climate Change Commission for funding from the People’s Survival
Fund (RA10171).
As the frontline agency at the most basic level, punong barangays should make
sure that their plans are climate change and disaster-responsive. Their CCA and DRR
Plans should be in harmony with this LCCAP.
In the implementation of all CCA projects, concerned implementing unit should

also make sure the participation and cooperation of all, most especially the vulnerable
sectors. After all, it is from them that the implementers should draw inspiration from as
they perform their duties and responsibilities.
MONITORING AND EVALUATION
The Core LCCAP Planning Team headed by the Municipal Mayor with the
assistance of the Municipal Planning and Development Office shall spearhead the
monitoring and evaluation at all levels of implementation of the project. The MPDC
should come up with an M and E Tool taking into consideration the principles of
transparency, accountability, efficiency and effectiveness among the implementing unit.
There shall be a yearly evaluation, the result of which will be presented during MDC
Meeting. Three years from now, a midterm evaluation and review shall also be
conducted to determine the progress and if the strategies being conducted are still
sound and relevant. In the entire M and E process, the people with their representatives
at the MDC should be actively involved.


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LOCAL CLIMATE CHANGE ACTION PLAN

Local Climate Change Action Plan 2017-2022

LCCAP Core Team and Stakeholders 11

CHAPTER II Background on Lavezares, Northern Samar 12

CHAPTER IV – LOCAL CLIMATE CHANGE ACTION PLAN

Local Climate Change Action Plan 2017-2022

Table 1 Classification of Barangays, Lavezares N. Samar 12

Local Climate Change Action Plan 2017-2022

Local Climate Change Action Plan 2017-2022

BACKGROUND AND RATIONALE

The Legal and the Planning Mandate

Local Climate Change Action Plan 2017-2022

The National Climate Action Plan as Anchor of the

2. Water Sufficiency - In light of climate change, however, a comprehensive review and

3. Environmental and Ecological Stability - Ecosystem resilience and environmentalstability

5. Climate-Friendly Industries and Services - NCCAP prioritizes the creation of green

6. Sustainable Energy - NCCAP prioritizes the promotion and expansion of energy

7. Knowledge and Capacity Development - The priorities of the NCCAP on knowledge

Enhanced knowledge on the science of climate changes

Established gendered climate change knowledge management accessible to all

LCCAP Core Team and Stakeholders

Local Climate Change Action Plan 2017-2022

BACKGROUND ON LAVEZARES, NORTHERN SAMAR

The Municipality of Lavezares (then Pinonayan) is one of

TABLE 1. CLASSIFICATIONS OF BARANGAYS, LAVEZARES N. SAMAR

Bani Balicuatro Villahermosa

Local Climate Change Action Plan 2017-2022

Local Climate Change Action Plan 2017-2022

Table 3. Population per Barangay

Local Climate Change Action Plan 2017-2022

Socio Economic Situation

EMPLOYMENT/INDUSTRY Number of People

Source: NSO 2010

Local Climate Change Action Plan 2017-2022

Water and Sanitation

Local Climate Change Action Plan 2017-2022

Local Climate Change Action Plan 2017-2022

VULNERABILITY AND ADAPTATION ASSESSMENT

Climate-Related Hazards and its Impacts to LGU

Table 6.LIST OF TYPHOONS FROM 2004-2015

Local Climate Change Action Plan 2017-2022

Tropical Depression (TD): sustained winds of up to 61 kph

Table 7.ANNUAL TEMPERATURE, LAVEZARES, NORTHERN SAMAR, 2015

Of the 87 sitios/puroks/zones assessed in Lavezares:

Local Climate Change Action Plan 2017-2022

Based on MGB Hazard Map, of the 87 sitios/puroks/zones assessed in Lavezares,

Local Climate Change Action Plan 2017-2022

Table 8.CLIMATE CHANGE IMPACTS EXPOSURE PER BARANGAY

Local Climate Change Action Plan 2017-2022

TABLE 9. POVERTY INCIDENCE PER BARANGAY

URBAN STRUCTURES. Of the 26 barangays, 14 are island and coastal barangays

AGRICULTURE and FISHERIES.4,926 or 80 percent of the households depends either

CRITICAL POINT FACILITIES AND INFRASTRUCTURES. The problem on the lack of

LIFELINE UTILITIES.Only 12 percent of the total road network is non-concrete. With

Local Climate Change Action Plan 2017-2022

To attain zero casualties during disasters, an effective, pro-active and community-based

Local Climate Change Action Plan 2017-2022

Table 10. Climate Change Issues and Technical Analysis

Technical Findings Implications Policy Options/

Local Climate Change Action Plan 2017-2022

LOCAL CLIMATE CHANGE ACTION PLAN

1. building the adaptive capacities of men and women in their communities