BHARATI VIDYAPEETH’S

COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING FOR

WOMEN,
KATRAJ – DHANKAWADI, PUNE – 43.

“ARDUINO BASED SMOKE DETECTOR ALARM”

SUBMITTED BY

1. Ms.Vaishnavi Sandip Patil

2. Ms.Vaishnavi Ajit Patil
3. Ms.Vaishnavi Rajkumar Patil
4. Ms.Saniya S. Pathan
5. Ms.Shruti Prabhudas Nage
6. Ms.Shweta Dhananjay Patil
7. Ms.Sagal Dattatray Langde
8. Ms.Saloni Londhe
9. Ms.Gayatri Patve

DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING SCIENCE AND ALLIED

ENGINEERING YEAR – 2022-23

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 BHARATI VIDYAPEETH’S
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING FOR
WOMEN,
KATRAJ – DHANKAWADI, PUNE – 43.

CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that,
1. Ms.Vaishnavi Sandip Patil
2. Ms.Vaishnavi Ajit Patil
3. Ms.Vaishnavi Rajkumar Patil
4. Ms.Saniya S. Pathan
5. Ms.Shruti Prabhudas Nage
6. Ms.Shweta Dhananjay Patil
7. Ms.Sagal Dattatray Langde
8. Ms.Saloni Londhe
9. Ms.Gayatri Patve

Have successfully completed the ESD project titled

“Arduino based SMOKE DETECTOR ALARM”

during the academic year 2022-23 towards fulfillment of the
Second Year in Department of Electronics and Telecommunacation under
Savitribai Phule Pune University

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 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

This is a great pleasure and immense satisfaction to express our deepest sense of gratitude and thanks
to everyone who has directly or indirectly helped us in completing our project based learning work
successfully. We express our gratitude towards project guide Prof. Y.R.Dhumal and Prof Dr.S.R.Patil
Head of Department of ENTC, Bharati Vidyapeeth’s College of Engineering for Women, Pune who
guided and encouraged us to completion of the ESD project work within scheduled time. We would
like to thanks our Principal Dr. S.R.Patil, for providing us congenial environment to work in.

Name of the Students

1. Ms.Vaishnavi Sandip Patil

2. Ms.Vaishnavi Ajit Patil
3. Ms.Vaishnavi Rajkumar Patil
4. Ms.Saniya S. Pathan
5. Ms.Shruti Prabhudas Nage
6. Ms.Shweta Dhananjay Patil
7. Ms.Sagal Dattatray Langde
8. Ms.Saloni Londhe
9. Ms.Gayatri Patve

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 Table of contents

SR. NO. CONTENT NAME

1 PROBLEM STATEMENT

2 OBJECTIVE

3 INTRODUCTION

4 MATERIAL REQUIRED

5 WORKING PROCEDURE

6 APPLICATION

7 CONCLUSION

8 REFERENCE

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 PROBLEM STATEMENT
We need to design a fire alarm system that all family members can use in single-family residences. It must be able
to detect fires at all locations, residents must be able to activate it from convenient locations themselves, and it
must alert residents in all portions of the house.
fire alarm system warns people when smoke, fire, carbon monoxide or other fire-related or general notification
emergencies are detected.

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OBJECTIVE

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INTRODUCTION

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 MATERIAL REQUIRED

1]PCB

2]battery

The alkaline variant of the 9V battery is also referred to as 6LR61 and 006P. Other industry names for the 9V battery
can be Duracell MN1604, Rayovac A1604, Energizer 522, Varta 4922, MX2400, 1604A, Radio Battery, Smoke Alarm
Battery, 9V Block, and Krona. 9-volt batteries power our smoke alarms, household items and toys. They can be found
in most homes. But these batteries can be a fire hazard if not stored safely or disposed of with care. Keep batteries in
original packaging until you are ready to use them.

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3]battery cap

These caps serve two purposes: they permit the checking and maintenance of water and acid levels and provide a vent
for the escape of gases formed when the battery is charging.
power capacitor is a device used to store electric energy in an electric field or electrostatic field. It is similar to a
battery but works on the principle of capacitance. It has two conducting plates which are separated by a dielectric. It
allow the escape of gases formed inside the battery when it is being charged and to limit the escape of electrolyte in
normal operation.

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4]resistor

A resistor is a passive two-terminal electrical component that implements electrical resistance as a circuit
element. In electronic circuits, resistors are used to reduce current flow, adjust signal levels, to divide
voltages, bias active elements, and terminate transmission lines, among other uses. High-power resistors
that can dissipate many watts of electrical power as heat may be used as part of motor controls, in power
distribution systems, or as test loads for generators. Fixed resistors have resistances that only change
slightly with temperature, time or operating voltage. Variable resistors can be used to adjust circuit
elements (such as a volume control or a lamp dimmer), or as sensing devices for heat, light, humidity, force,
or chemical activity.

1.5k resistance

1.5K Ohm Resistor Color Code: Brown, Green, Red, Golden. Resistance: 1.5K Ohm, Power Rating: 0.25 Watt,
Approximate Maximum Current: 12.91mA

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15k resistance

15K ohm Carbon Film Resistors are typical axial-lead resistors, which have much better temperature
stability and provide lower noise, and are generally better for high frequency or radiofrequency
applications.

5]transister

transistor is a miniature device that is used to control or regulate the flow of electronic signals.
A transistor is a type of a semiconductor device that can be used to both conduct and insulate electric
current or voltage. A transistor basically acts as a switch and an amplifier.
transistor can act as a switch or gate for electronic signals, opening and closing an electronic gate many
times per second. It ensures the circuit is on if the current is flowing and switched off if it isn't. Transistors
are used in complex switching circuits that comprise all modern telecommunications systems.

BC547 is usually used for current amplifier, quick switching and pulse-width modulation (PWM). Therefore,
if you need to control the speed of a motor or actuator in some of your projects, you can simply use this
transistor to achieve it.
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6]jumper wire

Jumper wires are used to connect two points in a circuit. All Electronics stocks jumper wire in a variety of
lengths and assortments. Frequently used with breadboards and other prototyping tools in order to make it
easy to change a circuit as needed.
jumper wire is an electric wire that connects remote electric circuits used for printed circuit boards. By
attaching a jumper wire on the circuit, it can be short-circuited and short-cut (jump) to the electric circuit.
The two most normal conventions are: Black (or sometimes Blue): This denotes a wire running directly to
Ground (GND) Red: This is connected to a source of power. Normally running from the 3.3V on your Particle
board.

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7]buzzer

buzzer or beeper is an audio signaling device, which may be mechanical, electromechanical, or piezoelectric
(piezo for short). Typical uses of buzzers and beepers include alarm devices, timers, train and confirmation
of user input such as a mouse click or keystroke.
When a voltage is applied across the two electrodes, the piezoelectric material mechanically deforms due to
the applied voltage. This movement of the piezo disk within the buzzer creates sound in a similar manner as
the movement of the ferromagnetic disk in a magnetic buzzer or the speaker cone mentioned above.
is widely used in alarms, computers, printers and other electronic products as sound devices.
buzzer or beeper is an audio signaling device. It generates sound in a frequency range of 1 to 7 kHz as an
audio indication. In this frequency range, the hearing threshold is maximum.

8]photodiode

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DIAGRAM

Circuit diagram

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WORKING
How a Fire Alarm System Works
Contemporary fire alarm systems use automatic functions to detect the occurrence of an event that may result in a
fire. They receive a signal from a fire sensor (smoke, heat or carbon monoxide detector) and automatically transmit
it to the fire alarm panel.

In wireless systems, the signal from the detectors to the control panel is transmitted with radio frequency. Heat
detectors usually have built-in thermistors to sense the heat. Carbon monoxide detectors use integrated chemical,
electrochemical, opto-chemical or biomimetic cells to trace the gas. Smoke detectors use photoelectricity or
ionization to detect smoke or combustion particles. Combined detectors use a number of detection mechanisms.

The fire alarm panel activates the flashers or the sounders, turns on sprinklers (or they can be activated along with
the detector), or makes a call to the authorities or to the occupants. If the fire alarm system is addressable, the
source of the occurrence will be pointed on the control panel. Users on separate floors or in connected buildings
can be notified in several ways: by horns, gongs and loudspeaker messages advising appropriate action for each
department.

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APPLICATION
A fire alarm is a life safety system designed to detect potential smoke, fire or carbon monoxide incidents within a
building.

Upon detection, it is used to notify building occupants and dispatch the Fire Department to the location via a
connection to a NYC approved central station. These systems are normally comprised of smoke, heat, CO detectors
and manual pull stations. In buildings which feature occupant evacuation or relocation, audible and visual
notification appliances are utilized to provide a means of communication to direct occupants during an emergency.
It is also interconnected to many of the buildings systems to create a safe environment during an emergency. These
include HVAC systems, elevators, escalators, sprinkler systems, and many more.
.
A fire alarm is a life safety system designed to detect potential smoke, fire or carbon monoxide incidents within a
building.

Upon detection, it is used to notify building occupants and dispatch the Fire Department to the location via a
connection to a NYC approved central station. These systems are normally comprised of smoke, heat, CO detectors
and manual pull stations. In buildings which feature occupant evacuation or relocation, audible and visual
notification appliances are utilized to provide a means of communication to direct occupants during an emergency.
It is also interconnected to many of the buildings systems to create a safe environment during an emergency. These
include HVAC systems, elevators, escalators, sprinkler systems, and many more.

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CONCLUSION

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 REFERENCES
1. https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buzzer
2. https://www.diyengineers.com/2022/05/05/how-to-use-the-bc547-transistor-npn-with-examples/
3. https://www.seeedstudio.com/blog/2020/09/10/bc547-transistor-basic-knowledge-pinout-and-application/

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