Solubility Curve Problems

1. What explain why solids become

more soluble as temperature
increases and why gasses become
less soluble? (You don't need the
graph for this one.)

2. Which is more soluble NaNO3 or

KCl?

3. How does the line drawn for a

particular substance relate to the
saturation of a solution of that
substance?

4. How many grams of NH4Cl will

dissolve in 100 grams of 90°C
Water?

5. How many grams of NH4Cl will dissolve in 50 grams of 90°C water?

6. How many grams of KClO3 will dissolve in 300 grams of 30°C water?

7. How would you make a saturated solution of KNO3 at 60°C in 50 grams of

water?

8. If I asked you to make a saturated solution of KCl in 100 grams of water,

what other piece of information would you need before you could start?

9. You start with a saturated solution of NH3 in 100 grams of water at 10°C.
How many grams of NH3 gas would bubble out of the solution if you raise
the temperature to 80°C?

10. A saturated solution of KNO3 in 400 grams of water at 50°C is cooled to

10°C. How much KNO3 will come out of the solution as crystals?
1. As temperature increases both the speed of the water molecules and the
number of collisions increase. A solid remains dissolved by the continual
motion of the water molecules. The more energy and motion, the more
particles that can remain in solution. This is especially true for ionic
compounds, which are polar because water is polar and the opposite
charges help to stick the water molecules to the ions. Gasses are often non-
polar, and they have very low boiling points, so as temperature increases
they tend to "boil away". That is why a soda will go flat much faster if it is
left in a warm place.

2. NaNO3 because the higher line indicates that more NaNO3 can be
dissolved.

3. The line marks the saturation point of a solute in 100 grams of water. If
you have less grams dissolved than indicated by the line then your solution
is unsaturated. If you have more, then your solution is supersaturated.

4. 70g

5. 70g/2 = 35g

6. 10g x 3 = 30g

7. The graph indicates that 104 grams of KNO3 will dissolve in 100 grams of
water, so I only need 104/2 = 52 grams of KNO3 to make my solution. So, I
would measure out 50 grams of water and 52 grams of KNO3 and mix
them together to make the solution.

8. You would need to know the temperature of the solution. The saturation
point is very different depending on the temperature.

9. 100 grams of water at 10°C can hold 70grams of NH3.

100 grams of water at 80°C can hold 14 grams.
So 70 - 14 = 56 grams of NH3 would bubble out.

10. From the graph 100 grams of water at 50°C can hold 80 grams of HNO3.
So, 400 grams can hold 80g x 4 = 320 grams of HNO3.
From the graph 100 grams of water at 10°C can hold 20 grams of HNO3.
So, 400 grams can hold 20g x 4 = 80 grams of HNO3.
As the solution is cooled 320 - 80 = 240 grams of HNO3 will form crystals.